Test 1: Intro to Matter Flashcards
Matter has 3 classifications
The state, property, and composition
Physical state refers to (3)
whether matter is solid, liquid or gas.
Solids
distinct shape, specific volume, cannot be compressed.
Liquids
specific volume, no distinct shape, compressed slightly.
Gases
no distinct shape or volume. Highly compressible.
What are the four classifications of properties
Physical, chemical, intensive, extensive
physical properties are measured without changing the
identity and composition
Chemical properties describe
how a substance may change, or react, to other substances.
Intensive properties
Describe the quality of a substance (color)
Extensive properties
depend on the quantity of a substance (weight)
Composition
What matter is made out of
Mixture
combination of easily separated substances
A pure substance cannot..
be easily separated into multiple pieces
Homogeneous mixtures
appear to be uniform throughout
Heterogeneous mixtures
do not appear to be uniform throughout
Distillation
separates volatile liquids from less volatile liquids
Filtration
separates solid from liquid or solids of varying sizes
Centrifugation
separates liquids of different density, or removes solid particles from a suspension (separate plasma from red blood cells)
Chromatography
separates multiple solid, liquid, or gaseous components dissolved in a liquid or gaseous medium (separate protein & DNA)
Adsorption
separates components from gas or liquid medium based on their polarity or reactivity. (Bad smell absorption)
A pure substance has __ composition and __ properties.
constant composition and distinct properties
Compound
several elements bonded in a chemical fashion
Law of constant composition
Elemental Composition of a Pure Compound is always the same.
