Test 3: Celiac and CF Flashcards
What is cystic fibrosis?
How is it diagnosed?
- exocrine gland dysfunction leads to increased mucous production
- Dx by sweat tests: presence of high NaCl concentrations in sweat is characteristic of CF
Pathology of cystic fibrosis:
- mucous glands secrete thick mucoprotein that accumulated and dilates the glands
- small passages in organs become obstructed when secretions coagulate and become hard in the glands and ducts, leading to fibrosis and failure
EARLY respiratory symptoms of cystic fibrosis:
- wheezing
- dry/nonproductive cough
LATE respiratory symptoms of cystic fibrosis:
- dyspnea
- paroxysmal cough
- emphysema
- patchy areas of atelectasis
- frequent pulmonary infections
- overinflated, barrel-shaped chest
- cyanosis
- clubbing of fingers and toes
EARLY GI symptom of cystic fibrosis:
meconium ileus
LATE GI symptoms of cystic fibrosis:
- large, bulky, foul-smelling stools
- increased appetite early in disease (w/ no weight gain)
- decreased appetite later
- failure to grow
- anemia
- fat soluble vitamin deficiency
- thin extremities and tissue wasting
What do stools look like with cystic fibrosis?
- frothy (bulky, large quantity)
- foul smelling
- fat containing
- float due to fat content
What are the fat soluble vitamins?
K A D E
What is a meconium ilues?
bowel obstruction
What is the significance of a meconium ilues?
- thick, puttylike, tenacious, mucilaginous meconium blocks the lumen of the small intestine
- usually at or near the ileocecal valve which gives rise to signs of intestinal obstruction including abdominal distention
- vomiting
- failure to pass stools
- rapid dehydration/electrolyte imbalance
Diet needs of CF:
high protein
high calorie
Respiratory meds for CF:
- beta agonists (SABA) - albuterol
- anticholinergics - ipratropium
- combo - fluticasone/salmaterol
- human deoxyribonulease; dornase alfa (decreases viscosity of mucous)
GI meds for CF:
- pancreatic enzymes - pancrelipase
- vitamins - multi-vitamin and KADE
- constipation meds - polyethlene-glycol (GoLYTELY)
- histamine-receptor agonist and motility meds for GERD
Antibiotics for CF:
tobramycin
tircarcillin
gentamycin (specific for pulmonary infection)
What is celiac disease?
villi of the small intestine flatten out, reducing absorptive surface leading to DECREASED DIGESTION OF FAT and DECREASED ABSORPTION OF VITAMINS AND CARBS
What is seen with celiac disease?
sensitivity to gluten
Symptoms of celiac disease:
- irritability
- anorexia
- chronic diarrhea
- steatorrhea
- vitamin deficiencies
- abdominal distention
- malnutrition
- FTT
How is celiac disease diagnosed?
biopsy of small intestine
Diet needs of celiac disease:
gluten-free foods: rice, corn, soybean flours
no wheat, barley, rye, or oats
Respiratory meds for cystic fibrosis:
- beta agonists (SABA)
- anticholinergics
- combo
- human deoxyribonuclease; dornase alfa
- antibiotics
What SABA (beta agonist) is prescribed for cystic fibrosis?
albuterol
What anticholinergic is prescribed for cystic fibrosis?
ipatroprium
What combo drug is prescribed for CF?
fluticasone/salmaterol
What do human deoxyribonulease and dornase alfa do?
decreases viscosity of mucous
What antibiotics are prescribed for CF pulmonary infection?
(TTG)
tobramycin
tircarcillin
gentamycin
What drugs are prescribed for CF - associated GI issues?
- pancreatic enzymes
- vitamins
- constipation meds
- H2-receptor agonist
- motility meds
What pancreatic enzyme is prescribed for
pancrealipase
What vitamins are prescribed for CF GI?
Multi-vitamin
KADE
What constipation meds are prescribed for CF GI?
GoLYTELY
polyethylene-glycol
What meds are prescribed for CF-assoc. GERD?
H2-receptor agonist & motility meds
