Test 1: Growth and Development Flashcards
Identify the ages associated with the stages of development:
Infant - Birth to 12 mo Toddler - 1 to 3 yr Preschooler - 3 to 5 yr School age - 5 to 12 yr Adolescent - 12 to 20 yr
What is the quantitative changes in physical size of the body and its parts?
Growth
What is the process of becoming fully grown and developed? Involves both physiological and behavioral aspects.
Maturation
______ refers to behavioral changes in functional abilities and skills.
Development
definintion #1
Patterned, orderly, lifelong changes in structure, thought, or behavior that evolve as a result of maturation of physical and mental capacity, experiences, and learning…
Development
definition #2
When is the “critical period” in a stage of a life cycle?
The time of the most rapid growth or development in that stage.
_____ is a return to a less sophisticated pattern of behavior as a defense against anxiety.
Regression
Muscles develop in which directions?
cephalocaudal and proximodistal
Development proceeds from ______ to _______.
general to specific, or also
simple to complex
The book says:
Infants’ double weight in ___ mos; triple in ____ mos;
quadruple in ____ years
6 mos
12 mos
2 years
The book says:
Preschoolers gain ___ lbs/yr
5 lbs/yr
The book says:
School-aged children gain ____ lbs/yr
3-6 lbs/yr
The book says:
Adolescents grow ______.
Rapidly
The pattern of growth and development is _____, _____, and ______, but does not proceed at a consistent rate.
continuous
orderly
predictable
All individuals go through the ____ developmental processes, but at a different _____.
Same
Rate
What are 3 INTERNAL factors effecting growth & development?
- health
- genetics
- organic functioning
What are 6 EXTERNAL factors effecting growth & development?
PEP-NES
- parents and family support
- environment
- proper stimulation
- nutrition, economic factors
- education levels
- substance abuse
Development is a ______ process.
lifelong
_______ is the most significant, reliable means of assessing developmental status.
Behavior
Failure to achieve the developmental task leads to what?
Difficulty with later tasks
Factors that influence growth and development (2nd slide):
- heredity
- life experiences
- health status
- cultural expectations
What 4 things influence physiological dimension?
1) genetic predisposition
2) central nervous system
3) endocrine system
4) maturation
Psychosocial dimension consists of _____ _____ & _____ _____.
subjective feelings
interpersonal relationships
This is a view of one’s self, including body image, self-esteem, and ideal self. This is…
self-concept
Which theorists focus on psychosocial dimension?
Freud & Erikson
This dimension is characterized by the intellectual process of knowing which includes perception, memory, and judgement.
Cognitive dimension
Which dimension develops as an individual progresses through the life span? It is supported by Piaget.
Cognitive dimension
This dimension consists of a person’s value system that helps in differentiating right and wrong.
Moral dimension
______ ______ is the ability to independently decide for one’s self what is “right”.
Moral maturity
Which theorists support moral dimension?
Kohlberg & Gilligan
Which dimension deals with spirituality referring to relationships with one’s self, with others and with a higher power or divine source?
Spiritual dimension
T/F: Spirituality does not refer to a specific religious affiliation.
True
Which theorist focuses on the spiritual dimension?
Fowler
