Test 3 Flashcards
Founder of Buddhism
Siddhartha Gautama
Siddhartha Gautama lived from
563-483 BC
What does Buddha mean
enlightened one
Head of the sakya clan
Sakyamuni
Tathagata means what
thus gone one
Where was Siddhartha Gautama born
Lumbini, Nepal
What cast was Siddhartha Gautama
Kshatriya cast
Where was Siddhartha Gautama raised
sheltered environment in Benares India (holy place for Buddhists)
Siddhartha’s four sights
decrepit old man,
sick person (leper),
corpse,
monk (begging for food)
Who was the mother of Siddhartha Gautama
Maya (died seven days after his birth)
Who was the prophet that told the King he would grow up to either a king or a wandering ascetic
Asita
The four sights caused Siddartha to leave at what age
29
What was Siddartah looking for?
dukkha (solution for suffering)
what is the solution for suffering
dukkha
How long did Siddhartha lead the life of an extreme ascetic
seven years
What did Siddhartha Gautama find?
the “Middle Path”
what was Siddhartha Gautama sitting under when he found the middle path
bo (fig) tree
(the tempter) attacked Siddhartha Gautama while looking for enlightenment
Mara
What was Mara’s last ditch effort?
Sent his three daughters Discontent, Delight, and Thirst to seduce him.
Stages of enlightenment
- saw past 550 lives
- saw hole world at once and learned karma affects your rebirth
- passed through 8 stages of meditation
- reached complete spiritual insight
What happened at the moment of enlightenment
earth shook, breezes blew, flowers fell from heaven
Where did Siddhartha preach his first sermon.
Benares
community of Buddhist monks
sangha
Buddhist word for teaching
dhamma
What happened when the Buddha died
parinirvana
where did the Buddha enter parinirvana
Kushingara, India
what age did the Buddha enter parinirvana
80
The three jewls of Buddha
Buddha, Dharma, Sangha
what does dharma mean
the teaching
what does sangha mean
the community
List the four noble truths
- there is suffering
- Cravings produce suffering
- Get rid of cravings will end suffering
- All pain can be stopped by following the eight-fold path
List the eight fold path
- right views (4 noble truths)
- right resolve (to extinguish cravings)
- right speech (don’t lie, slander, dont’ say more than necessary etc.)
- right behavior (don’t kill, cheat, steal and don’t do more than necessary)
- right occupation (be a monk; otherwise, do a job that harms no one)
- right effort (to attain good qualities)
- right mindfulness (observant, alter, contemplative, stoic)
- right meditation (learn to empty your mind)
ultimate goal of Buddhism
nirvana
what does nervana mean
nothingness (lit. blown out)
The first Buddhist scriptures were what
remembered and recited at the first council
when was the first Buddhist council
483
what does Tripitaka mean
“The Three Baskets” written on leaves and placed in three baskets
what makes up the Tripitaka
Vinaya Pitaka, Sutta Pitaka, Abhidhamma Pitaka
Vinaya Pitaka means
rules for monks
Sutta Pitaka means
Buddha’s discourses
Abhidhamma Pitaka
commentaries on discourses
Name another version considered to be Buddha’s true teaching by those whose follow them.
Lotus Sutra
B/H Who has the “way of works”
Hinduism
B/H who did not believe the Vedas to be authoritative
Hindu
who had the caste system
Hindu
Who had Brahman-Atman (ultimate reality)
Hindu
Who believes in Atman
non-reality, the world is not an illusion; it is real
B where are we?
in a rational (not illusory) world, filled w pain which we produce ourselves by bad karma.
B Who are we?
we are rational beings who are destined to be reborn endlessly as long as we want to exist
B What’s the problem?
We listen to our cravings
B What’s the solution?
Extinguish all desire by acknowledging the 4 noble truths, and follow the eight-fold path, esp meditation
B How do we know?
enlightenment granted first to the Buddha and now to us through meditation
What is considered the original version of Buddhism
Theravada “orthodox”
The version of Buddhisms mainly for monks who can devote full attention to achieve Nirvana
Theravada
place for non-monks that support monks
Hinayana
Theravada Buddhism is also called?
Southern Buddhism
where is southern Buddhism most popular
Thailand, Myanmar (Burma), Kampuchea, Laos and Ceylon (Sri Lanka)
Buddhism that means “Big Raft”
Mahayana
Sect that emphasizes veneration of bodhisattvas
mahayana
bodhisattvas
people who have achieved Nirvana, but delay it to help others
What is the revision that Mahayana hope to accomplish
reach Nirvana and help others reach it
Mahayana is also called what?
northern Buddhism
Mahayana spawned sects that flourished where
China, Japan, Tibet, Vietnam, Mongolia and Nepal
Sect that flourished in China with a combination of Confucius
Tendai
Which sect claims to unite all variations of Buddhism into one
Tendai
Most popular form of Buddhism in Japan
Pure Land
Sect based on legendary Buddha named Amida who attained enlightenment in heaven
pure lands
another name for Amida
Dhyani Budda
Who introduced Japan to Pure Land
Honen
How does Pure Land Buddhism prepare for Pure Land
pure thought, prepare for paradise
what do pure Land Buddhism call Nirvana
Pure Land
How is pure thought achieved?
constant repetition of nembustsu
what is nebutsu
namu amida butsu
Who advocated the True Pure Land is based on the number of times Nembutsu was said.
Honen’s disciple, Shinran
movement who believe in the Lotus Sutra
Soka Gakkai
who begun the Soka Gakkai
Nichiren
Soka Gakkai emphasize what phrase
Daimoku
what does daimoku mean
nam myoho renge kyo “I bow down to worship the beautiful teachings of the Lotus Sutra”
A branch of Mahayana influenced by Taoism of China
zen
founder of zen
Buddhist teacher Bodhidharma
What branch of enlightenment focuses on intuition based on the legend that Buddha held flowers without saying anything to make a point.
zen
Which sect has something to do w flowers
zen
which sect revers no scriptures
zen
which sect is especially liked in the West
Zen
Which sect focuses on meditation which focuses the mind on a specific problem
zen
what does Koans or kwans mean
verbal puzzle that develops mental concentration
What sect blended traditional animism with Buddhism to product Lamaism
Tibetan (Vajrayana)
Tibetan sect is also called
vajrayana
what does Lamaism mean
superior
Buddhas teachings of scripture is divided into two sects and written in two books
Kanjur and Tanjur
Which sect has had a Dalai Lama since the 15th century
Tibetan
When is the Dalai Lama reincarnated
exactly 49 days after he has died
