Test 2 Spring Flashcards
Causes of WWI
Militarism
Alliances
Nationalism
Imperialism
Assassination
Woodrow Wilson (1913-1921)
Had great hope for world and believed America was a pure wind, he believed in an open world.
Wanted neutrality shown by Proclamation of Neutrality
After the war peoples opinion of humanity was tainted
How WW1 Started
Bosnia is between Serbia and Austria Hungary, Austria Hungary took Bosnia Hertzgovinia, Serbian Nationalists wanted to create an independant slavic state.
Russia pledged allegiance to Serbia, and France pledged to Russia,
Germany declares war on France and Russia, Great Britain declares war on France
Why Didn’t the US want to Join WW1
1.Habit of Non interference
2.Immigrints on both sides
3.Avoidance of European Alliances that dragged them into war
Undercuts to American WW1 Neutrality
1.The many immigrated Americans
2.German aggression
3.American Economic links
4.U Boats - not allowing passengers to escape (William Jennings Brian asked Germany to stop and Britain would disarm merchant vessels so they sank 90 ships in 3 months
5.Zimmerman Telegram
Treaty of Versaii
- Germany ceded Alsace Lorraine
- Germany and Russia not rep. most negotiating done by Brit. Us. France. and Italy
- Not ratified by the US
Lagacy of WW1
Unrestled to ceasing of labor reform
ended idealism
Treaty of Paris and the leauge of Nations
20 million killed
The map of Europe was changed, Ottoman, Austria Hungary, and Russia
The United States emerged as a world power
Post WW1 America
- Black Immigration started with war economy(renaissance) / Marcus Garvey (Back 2 Africa)
- Immigration restrictions going back to late 1800s, unrestricted immigration from western hemisphere
- Red Scare - Palmer Riads of radical organizations
- Eugene Debbs was popular socialist\
- Suffrage
- Prohibition
- Klu Klux Klan
- Fundamentalism - Bible, evolution bad, solution to corruption of cities(epperson v Arkansas)
Suffrage
- Women wanted rights :(
- 19th Amendment 1919, didn’t change that much
- Equal Rights Amendment pass 1972
Gov Corruption
- Harding in Teapot Dome Scandal - gave land to oil companies for cheap taking cut
- Many politicians taking bribes
Explain the Origins and Goals of the New Deal
Origins - Great depression of 1930s caused by lots of credit from us and bank loans, less buying, less producing, stock market collapse on Black Tuesday
Goals
Relief for poor like Social Security
Recovery: stimulate economy through Works Progress Administration (WPA)and CCC
Reform: Financial reform aimed at stabilizing the banking system (Glass-Steagall Act) and regulating the stock market (Securities Exchange Act) to prevent future economic collapses.
How was the new deal specific and similar to and different from Populism and Progressivism
Populism -
Similarity: Both wanted economic reform with more gov. intervention
Difference: Populism primarily focused on agrarian issues and monetary policy reform, while the New Deal targeted immediate relief for the unemployed, economic recovery, and financial regulation on a national scale.
Progressivism
Similarities: Both eras aimed to address problems caused by rapid industrialization and urbanization. Gov. Regulation
Differences: Progressivism focused on social issues like working conditions, child labor, and women’s suffrage. The New Deal was a response to the Great Depression and focused on economic recovery and relief programs.
What was the legacy and impact of the New Deal?
Social Safety Net: It established a social safety net through programs like Social Security and unemployment insurance, providing support for vulnerable populations.
Government Intervention: The New Deal expanded the role of the federal government in regulating the economy and protecting citizens from economic hardship, shaping the modern welfare state.
Infrastructure Development: Large-scale public works projects improved infrastructure across the country, creating jobs and stimulating economic growth.
Political Realignment: The New Deal coalition, which included labor unions, minorities, and urban voters, reshaped American politics and contributed to the dominance of the Democratic Party for decades.
Environmental protection from the government - many parks and lakes and damns
What parts of the New deal where successful and which where not?
Successful
Job Creation: Programs like the Works Progress Administration (WPA) and Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) provided employment for millions, building infrastructure and conserving natural resources.
Financial Regulation: The Glass-Steagall Act separated commercial and investment banking, helping to stabilize the banking system and prevent another financial crisis until its repeal in 1999.
Social Security: The Social Security Act established a system of retirement benefits and provided a safety net for elderly and disabled Americans, significantly reducing poverty among seniors.
Not Successful:
Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA): The AAA aimed to raise farm prices by paying farmers to reduce production, but it led to overproduction and increased food prices for consumers while benefiting larger farms over small farmers.
National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA): The NIRA attempted to regulate industry and establish fair labor practices, but its codes were criticized for favoring big business and stifling competition, ultimately being declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.
Racial Discrimination: Many New Deal programs excluded or discriminated against African Americans and other minorities, perpetuating racial inequalities despite the overall benefits of the New Deal.
What where the Origins of American involvement in WWII?
Axis Aggression: The aggressive expansionist policies of Nazi Germany, Italy, and Japan threatened stability in Europe and Asia which where trading partners
Isolationism and Neutrality: Initially, the United States pursued a policy of isolationism and neutrality, but events like the attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan in December 1941 prompted a shift in public opinion.
Allied Support: The United States provided material and financial support to Allied nations, particularly Great Britain and the Soviet Union, through programs like Lend-Lease.
