Test 2: Chapter 21 Flashcards
_____ structures are easily penetrated by x-rays; whereas, ______
structures resist penetration of x-rays
Radiolucent; radiopaque
What type of bone does the following description fit?
- Closely packed layers of bone on the outer surface of “the jaws.”
- Maxilla has a thin shell covering outer surface and
mandible has a dense layer of bone covering outer surface; appears as a thick white border. - Interdental crestal bone appears as thin white lines on outside and the interior consists of cancellous bone that appears as white tracings within the bone.
cortical bone
Interdental bone between incisor teeth is usually ____ and pointed in appearance, whereas interdental bone between posterior teeth is ____ or slightly rounded
thin; flat
The crest of the interdental septa between posterior teeth should be _______ or _____.
rounded or flat
What functions as an attachment of the tooth to the lamina dura of the socket? It appears as a thin radiolucent line surrounding the tooth root.
the PDL space
A widening of PDL space on radiograph indicates tooth ________.
mobility
_______ radiographs are used as primary film to evaluate crestal bone heights that are >5-mm.
Vertical bitewing
_________ radiographic images have many visible shades of gray making it easier to see subtle changes like bone loss.
Uses High kVp exposure of 70-100kVp
Long-grayscale/low contrast
What are some limitations of 2-D Conventional Radiographs?
- Buccal alveolar bone hides bone loss on lingual aspect of a tooth.
- Palatal root makes it difficult to visualize furcation on maxillary molars
- Non calcified periodontal components are not seen
Fuzziness in the crest of the interdental bone, widening of the PDL, and _____ in the interseptal bone are all early radiographic signs of periodontal disease.
radiolucent lines
______ is the widening of the PDL space caused by bone resorption on either the mesial or the distal of the interdental crestal bone
(Also called funneling)
Triangulation
_______ changes are finger-like radiolucent projections extending from the crestal bone into the interdental alveolar bone.
This represent a reduction of mineralized tissue adjacent to blood vessel channels in the alveolar bone
Interseptal bone
When assessing furcation involvement it is often greater than it appears on the radiograph, it is not seen on the radiograph until the bone resorption extends past the furcation area, and it is easier to see on mandibular than maxillary.
Additionally, the _______ appears superimposed over the furcation of the tooth.
maxillary palatal root
_______ is an oral inflammatory process that affects the soft tissue and hard tissue around an osseointegrated implant.
Peri-Implant bone loss
The ideal crown-to-root ratio is :.
1:2