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Periodontics > Ch 1 Terms > Flashcards

Ch 1 Terms Flashcards

1
Q

the bone that surrounds the roots of the teeth. It forms the bony sockets that support and protect the roots of the teeth.

A

Alveolar bone

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2
Q

Composed of a thin outer layer of epithelium and an underlying layer of connective tissue.

A

gingiva

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3
Q

protects the underlying tooth-supporting structures of the periodontium from the oral environment. It has several defense mechanisms, including saliva and immune system.

A

Gingiva function

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4
Q

The fibers that surround the root of the tooth. These fibers attach to the bone of the socket on one side and to the cementum of the root on the other side.

A

Periodontal Ligament (PDL)

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5
Q

the thin layer of mineralized tissue that covers the root of the tooth

A

Cementum

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6
Q
  • above CEJ
  • surrounds the tooth in a turtleneck of cuff-like manner
  • attaches to the tooth by means of a specialized epithelium (the junctional epithelium)
A

Location of free gingiva

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7
Q

Continuous with the oral epithelium of the free gingiva and is covered with keratinized epithelium; attached firmly to the underlying cementum and alveolar bone.

A

Attached gingiva

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8
Q

What does stippling act to provide?

A

mechanical reinforcement to the gingiva.

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9
Q

Stippling is present in _____% in adults?

A

40 %

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10
Q

When is the col not present?

A

If the adjacent teeth are not in contact or if the gingiva has receded

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11
Q

Gingival sulcus

A

space between the free gingiva and the tooth surface

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12
Q

Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF)

A

also called the gingival sulcular fluid, is a fluid that seeps from the underlying connective tissue into the sulcular space.

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13
Q

can remodel the alveolar bone in response to pressure, such as that applied during orthodontic treatment

A

PDL remodeling function

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14
Q

light yellow in color and softer than dentin or enamel.

A

Cementum Color

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15
Q

50% to 55% organic substance (type 1 collagen and noncollagenous matrix proteins)

45% inorgainic content (calcium and phosphate forms of hydroxyapatite and trace elements)

A

Cementum weight

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16
Q

The ends of the PDL fibers that are embedded in the cementum and alveolar bone.

A

Sharpey fibers

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17
Q

he most coronal portion of the alveolar process.

A

Alveolar crest

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18
Q

the lattice-like bone that fills the interior portion of the alveolar process between the cortical bone and the alveolar bone proper; cancellous bone is oriented around the tooth to form support for the alveolar bone proper.

A

Cancellous bone

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19
Q

A dense membrane composed of fibrous connective tissue that closely wraps the outer surface of the alveolar bone; it consists of an outer layer of collagenous tissue and an inner layer of fine elastic fibers.

A

Periosteum

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20
Q

A network of lymph nodes connected by lymphatic vessels that plays an important role in the body’s defense against infection.

A

Lymphatic system

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21
Q

the functional system of tissues that surrounds the teeth and attaches them to the jawbone.

A

Periodontium

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22
Q

The periodontium is also called the

A

Supporting tissues of the teeth and The attachment apparatus

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23
Q
  • gingiva
  • cementum
  • periodontal ligament
  • alveolar bone
A

Tissues of the periodontium

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24
Q

the tissue that covers the cervical portions of the teeth and the alveolar processes of the jaws

A

Gingiva

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25
Q

The ______ is the part of the mucosa that surrounds the cervical portions of the teeth and covers the alveolar processes of the jaws.

A

gingiva

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26
Q

The ________ is located coronal to the CEJ of each tooth and attaches to the tooth by means of a specialized type of epithelial tissues.

A

gingival margin

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27
Q

The gingiva is divided into four anatomical areas

A
  • free gingiva
  • gingival sulcus
  • interdental gingiva
  • attached gingiva
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28
Q

The coronal boundary, or upper edge, of the gingiva is the

A

gingival margin

29
Q

The apical boundary, or lower edge, of the gingiva is the

A

alveolar mucosa (dark red color and smooth shiny surface)

30
Q

Free gingival groove

A

shallow linear depression that separates the free and attached gingiva

31
Q

clinically visible boundary where the pink attached gingiva meets the red, shiny alveolar mucosa

A

Mucogingival junction

32
Q

the unattached portion of the gingiva that surrounds the tooth in the region of the CEJ

A

Free gingiva

33
Q

Characteristics of the Free Gingiva

A
  • fits closely around the tooth but is not directly attatched to it
  • unattached, may be gently retracted away from with probe
  • forms the soft tissue lateral wall of the gingival sulcus
34
Q

The tissue of the free gingiva meets the tooth in a thin rounded edge called the

A

gingival margin

35
Q

Location of Attached Gingiva

A

lies between the free gingiva and the alveolar mucosa

36
Q

The attached gingiva is widest in the

A

incisor and molar regions

37
Q

The attached gingiva is narrowest in

A

premolar regions

38
Q

Why is the width of the attached gingiva not measured on the palate?

A

Clinically it is not possible to determine where the attached gingiva ends and the palatal mucosa begins

39
Q

Color of the Attached gingiva

A

pale or light coral pink

40
Q

Texture of attached Gingiva

A

dimpled appearance similar to the skin of an orange peel. (Stippling)

41
Q

Stippling is only seen on the

A

attached and interdental gingiva, (Not marginal gingiva)

42
Q

Function of the attached gingiva

A

Keeps the free gingiva from being pulled away from the tooth

43
Q

Portion of the gingiva that fills the area between two adjacent teeth apical to the contact area

A

Interdental gingiva

44
Q

The lateral borders and tip of an interdental papilla are formed by the

A

free gingiva from the adjacent teeth

45
Q

The center portion of the interdental papilla is formed by the

A

attached gingiva

46
Q

a valley-like depression in the portion of the interdental gingiva that lies directly apical to the contact area of two adjacent teeth and connects the facial and lingual papillae.

A

Gingival Col

47
Q

prevents food from becoming packed between the teeth during mastication

A

Function of interdental gingiva

48
Q

Little or no fluid is found in the healthy

A

gingival sulcus,

but the fluid flow increases in the presence of dental plaque biofilm and the resulting gingival inflammation.

49
Q

In the gingival sulcus fluid flow increases in response to

A

toothbrushing, mastication, or other stimulation of the gingiva.

50
Q

If a filter strip is inserted into the sulcus it does what?

A

Absorbs the fluid into the sulcus. Can also be measured and used as an index of gingival inflammation.

51
Q

The PDL is composed mainly of

A

composed mainly of

dense fibrous connective tissue.

52
Q

The fibers of the PDL attach on what two sides?

A

root cementum & alveolar bone of the tooth socket

53
Q

What are the 5 functions of the PDL?

A
  • supportive
  • sensory
  • nutritive
  • formative
  • remodeling
54
Q

suspends and maintains the tooth in its socket

A

PDL supportive function

55
Q

provides sensory feeling to the tooth, such as pressure and pain sensations

A

PDL sensory function

56
Q

provides nutrients to the cementum and bone.

A

PDL nutritive function

57
Q

builds and maintains cementum and the alveolar bone of the tooth socket. The tissues of the PDL contain specialized cells such as fibroblasts, cementoblasts, and osteoblasts.

A

PDL formative function

58
Q

The dimpled appearance, similar to an orange peel, that may be visible on the surface of the attached gingiva.

A

Stippling

59
Q

the interdental gingiva

A

Papillae

60
Q

a valley-like depression in the portion of the interdental gingiva that lies directly apical to the contact area of two adjacent teeth and connects the facial and lingual papillae.

A

Gingival col

61
Q

the bone of the upper or lower jaw that surrounds and supports the roots of the teeth

A

Alveolar process

62
Q

thin layer of bone that lines the socket to surround the root of tooth

A

Alveolar bone proper

63
Q

The bony socket; a cavity in the alveolar bone that houses the root of a tooth.

A

Alveolus

64
Q

A layer of compact bone that forms the hard, outside wall of the mandible and maxilla on the facial and lingual aspects

A

Cortical bone

65
Q

nerve supply; innervation to the periodontium occurs via the branches of the trigeminal nerve.

A

Innervation

66
Q

Cranial Nerve V. Innervation to maxilla is by second branch of trigeminal nerve (the maxillary nerve — Cranial Nerve V2) and the mandible by the third branch (the mandibular nerve — Cranial Nerve V3) The first branch (the ophthalmic nerve — Cranial nerve VI) does not innervate regions of the oral cavity.

A

Trigeminal nerve

67
Q

to join together; in the periodontium a complex system of blood vessels supply blood to the periodontal a complex system of blood vessels supply blood to the periodontal tissue.

A

Anastomose

68
Q

small bean-shaped structures located on either side of the head, neck, armpits, and groin; these nodes filter out and trap bacteria, fungi, viruses, and other unwanted substances to safely eliminate them from the body.

A

Lymph nodes

Periodontics (16 decks)

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