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Fundamentals II > Test 2 Ch.5 > Flashcards

Test 2 Ch.5 Flashcards

1
Q

A patient can be connected to positive pressure ventilator using either a

A

positive pressure mask or an artificial airway

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2
Q

what are used to administer NIV

A

Face and nasal mask

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3
Q

2 methods of providing noninvasive positive pressure ventilator support

A
  • Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)
  • Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIV)
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4
Q

The ventilator provides the Energy necessary to maintain effective alveolar ventilation (high PEEP)

A

Full ventilatory support (FVS)

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5
Q

Full ventilatory support= adequate

A

vt for pt

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6
Q

Pt participates in the WOB (normal PEEP)

A

Partial ventilatory support( PVS)

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7
Q

Partially ventilatory support is any degrees of MV in which set machine rates are lower than

A

6 breaths/ min and the pts participates in WOB

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8
Q

Type of breath

A
  • Mandatory breath
  • Spontaneous
  • Assisted
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9
Q

Ventilator controls the timing of tidal volume or inspiratory pressure

A

Mandatory breaths

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10
Q

Pt controls the timing and the tidal volume; based on pts demand and the pt’s lung characteristics

A

Spontaneous breaths

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11
Q

Has characteristics of both mandatory and spontaneous breaths

A

Assisted breaths

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12
Q

If the airway pressure rises above baseline during inspiration the breath is

A

assisted

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13
Q

All or part of the breath is

A

generated by the ventilator

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14
Q

Three types of breath delivery timing or sequence are available on current ICU ventilators:

A
  • Continuous mandatory ventilation (CMV)
  • Intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV)
  • Continuous spontaneous ventilation (CSV)
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15
Q

All breaths are mandatory and can be volume or pressure targeted; breaths can be timed or pt triggered

A

Continuous mandatory ventilation (CMV)

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16
Q

When the breaths are time triggered the breaths are described as

A

controlled ventilation (control mode)

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17
Q

When the breaths are pt triggered during CMV, the breaths are

A

assisted ventilation

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18
Q

Controlled (time- triggered) ventilation is appropriate only when a pt

A

cannot make an effort to breath

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19
Q

Pt receives a set number of mandatory breaths but can also breath spontaneously breaths between mandatory breath

A

Intermittent Mechanical Ventilation (IMV)

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20
Q

All breaths are spontaneous and pt triggered

A

Continuous spontaneous ventilation (CSV)

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21
Q

VC-CMV is also referred to as

A

volume- controlled continuous mandatory ventilation (targeted)

22
Q

All breaths are _____________ in VC-CMV

A

mandatory

23
Q

If the pt triggers the breath it is called

A

assisted

24
Q

Once thought to minimize WOB DURING mv; Pt receiving this mode of ventilation may actually perform 33%- 50% or more of the work of inspiration

A

VC-CMV

25
Q

All breaths are timed or pt triggered pressure targeted, time cycled. What kind of ventilation is this?

A

Pressure- Controlled Continuous Mandatory Ventilation (PC-CMV)

26
Q

PC-CMV is also called

A

pressure- triggered or simply pressure controlled ventilation

27
Q

With ____-______ the ventilator provides a constant pressure

A

PC-CMV

28
Q

The maximum pressure limit during PC-CMV is typically set to approximately

A

+10 cm H2O

29
Q

The operator sets the length of ___________ the pressure level and the back rate of ventilation

A

inspiration

30
Q

The ____ is delivered by the ventilator is influenced by the ____________ and resistance of the pt’s lungs, pt effort and the set pressure

A

VT; compliance

31
Q

The pt can breathe spontaneously between mandatory breaths at any desired baseline pressure w/o receiving a mandatory breath

A

Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (IMV)

32
Q

Involves periodic volume - or pressure targeted breaths that occur at set interval (Time triggering)

A

IMV

33
Q

Three basic modes for providing CSV during MV

A
  • Spontaneous breaths
  • Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)
  • Pressure support ventilation (PSV)
34
Q

pts can breath spontaneously through a ventilator w/ receiving any mandatory breaths

A

Spontaneous modes

35
Q

In this mode a continue level of positive pressure is applied to the pt’s airway through inspiration and expiration

A

Continuos positive airway pressure (CPAP)

36
Q

CPAP is helpful for improving ___________ in pts w/ ______________ hypoxemia and low _____

A

oxygenation; refractory; FRC

37
Q

The ventilator provides a constant pressure during inspiration once it senses that the pt has made an inspiratory effort; normal is 5

A

Pressure support ventilation (PSV)

38
Q

Bilevel positive airway pressure (bilevel PAP) is also called

A
  • biphasic positive airway pressure
  • bill pressure assist
39
Q

bilevel PAP is another form pressure ventilation often used in

A

NIV

40
Q

Volume-triggered, pressure control breath

A

Pressure regulated volume control (PRVC)

41
Q

Basically pressure support with a volume target

A

Volume support ventilation (VSV)

42
Q

Is designed to provide high and low airway pressure levels when spontaneous effort is present

A

Airway Pressure Release Ventilation (APRV)

43
Q

Mandatory Minute Ventilation is also called

A
  • minimum minute ventilation
  • augmented minute ventilation
44
Q

Volume is constant pressure based on the

A

pt’s lung characteristics

45
Q

Advantages of Volume being th controlled variable

A
  • Gurantee a septic volume delivery and volume of expired gas
  • can maintain a certain PaCO2
    (allows for a bigger breath)
46
Q

Disadvantages of Volume being th controlled variable

A
  • Evident when lung conditions worsens
  • High pressures
47
Q

Pressure is set as the ______________ variable

A

independent

48
Q

pressure controlled ventilation is not used

A

frequently

49
Q

Considered a lung protective strategy

A

pressure controlled ventilation

50
Q

Advantages of pressure controlled ventilation

A
  • allows a set max pressure
  • set pressure reduces the risk of over distention
51
Q

Disadvantages of pressure controlled ventilation

A
  • volume delivery varies w/ pt’s lung characteristics
  • clinicians may be less familiar w/ pressure control ventilation

Fundamentals II (13 decks)

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