Test 2 Ch.3

Question 1

The signal measured by the ventilator that is associated with a specific breath

Answer 1

Phase variable

Question 2

Begins inspiration

Answer 2

trigger variable

Question 3

Limits the value of pressure, volume , flow or time duration inspiration

Answer 3

limit variable

Question 4

Ends inspiration

Answer 4

cycle variable

Question 5

Volume triggered

Question 6

Establishes the baseline during expiration before inspiration is triggered

Answer 6

baseline variable

Question 7

The mechanism the ventilator uses to begin inspiration is the

Answer 7

triggering mechanism

Question 8

Delivers a mandatory breath after a set Time has elapsed

Answer 8

Time triggering

Question 9

The set time is based on the

Answer 9

total cycle time (TCT)

Question 10

What is the equation for TCT (I:E)

Answer 10

TCT= TI+TE

Question 11

The pt can trigger the machine based on pressure, flow, or volume changes

Answer 11

Patient triggering

Question 12

Occurs when the ventilator detects a drop in flow through the circuit during exhalation

Answer 12

Flow triggering

Question 13

Which triggers are most common?

Answer 13

pressure and flow

Question 14

Occurs when the ventilator interprets a drop in volume as a patient effort

Answer 14

volume triggering

Question 15

The sensitivity for pressure triggering is usually set to

Answer 15

-1 cm H20

Question 16

The machine triggers a breath w/o the pt making an effort

Answer 16

auto-trigger

Question 17

_______________ is timed from the beginning of inspiratory flow to the beginning of expiratory flow

Answer 17

Inspiration

Question 18

The maximum value that a variable (pressure, volume, flow or time) can attain

Answer 18

limit variable

Question 19

Allows pressure to rise to a certain value but not exceed it

Answer 19

pressure limiting

Question 20

When the ventilator reaches the high-pressure limit, excess pressure is

Answer 20

vented through a spring-loaded pressure release, or pop off valve

Question 21

Controlled by an electronically operated valve that measures the flow passing through the ventilator circuit during a specific interval _____________ limiting

Answer 21

volume limiting

Question 22

The clinician can set the volume of gas

Answer 22

the ventilator delivers

Question 23

If gas flow from the ventilator to the pt reaches but does not exceed a maximum value before the end of inspiration the ventilator is ________ limited

Answer 23

flow limited

Question 24

Is used to prevent excessive pressure from damaging a pt lungs ; safety mechanism

Answer 24

Maximum safety pressure

Question 25

Typically set to value of 10cm H20 above the average peak inspiratory pressure (PIP)

Answer 25

Maximum safety pressure

Question 26

Most adult ventilators pressure cycle (end inspiration) when set maximum safety pressure has been

Answer 26

reached; as if pt coughs or obstruction in Ventilatory tubing

Question 27

Inspiration ends when a set pressure threshold is reached at the mouth or upper airway

Answer 27

Pressure- cycled ventilation

Question 28

An advantage is that they limit peak airway pressures which may reduce the damage

Answer 28

that can occur when pressures are excessive

Question 29

Designed to maintain air the lungs at the end of inspiration before the exhalation valve opens

Answer 29

Inflation Hold (Inspiratory Pause)

Question 30

The pressure reading on the manometer peaks at the ______ of _______________ and then levels to a plateau (plateau pressure)

Answer 30

end of insufflation

Question 31

The inflation hold maneuver is sometimes referred to as (3)

Answer 31

• inspiratory pause
• end- inspiration pause
• inspiratory hold

Question 32

The period from the end inspiration to the beginning of the next breath

Answer 32

Expiratory phase

Question 33

During MV expiration begins when inspiration ends the

Answer 33

expiratory valve opens and expiratory flow begins

Question 34

If an adequate amount of time is not provided for exhalation……
Leading to a phenomenon called

Answer 34

air trapping and hyperinflation can occur; auto-PEEP or intrinsic PEEP

Question 35

If auto-PEEP happens than you should

Answer 35

extend exhalation TIME

Question 36

Current MVs have a mode that allows the clinician to control TI and expiratory time (TE)

Answer 36

Time- limited expiration

Question 37

A maneuver transiently performed at the end of exhalation

Answer 37

Expiratory holder end expiratory pause

Question 38

An accurate reading of end- expiratory pressure is impossible to obtain if a pt is

Answer 38

breathing spontaneously

Question 39

Two methods of applying continuous pressure to the airways have been developed to improve oxygenation in pts with refractory hypoxemia

Answer 39

continuous postive airway pressure (CPAP) and PEEP

Question 40

Application of continue pressure to the airways to improve oxygenation in pts w/ refractory hypoxemia

Answer 40

CPAP

Question 41

Applying positive pressure to the airway throughout the respiratory cycle

Answer 41

PEEP

Question 42

Two types of MV breaths can be described

Answer 42

spontaneous and mandatory breaths

Question 43

Are initiated by the pt and volume delivery is determined by the pt

Answer 43

Spontaneous breaths

Question 44

The volume and flow delivered are based on the pt demand rather than on a valve

Answer 44

set up by the ventilator operator

Question 45

The ventilator determines the start time (time triggering ) or tidal volume (VT) or both

Answer 45

Mandatory breaths