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Fundamentals II > Lab 2 Exam > Flashcards

Lab 2 Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What are 2 factors that help RRT pick the correct vent settings?

A
  • IBW
  • Disease process (diagnosis)
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2
Q

What some things that cause tachycardia in ventilated pts?

A
  • Pain
  • Anxiety
  • Bronchospasm
  • Secretions
  • A-synchronized w/ the vent
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3
Q

What is weaning success ?

A

Pt being able to tolerate spontaneous breathing for 48 hrs following extubation w/o the need for reintubation

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4
Q

What is weaning failure?

A

Failure of SBT or the need for reintubation

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5
Q

What are sources of VAP?

A
  • Hand hygiene
  • Not changing filters
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6
Q

What are ways to prevent VAP?

A
  • Wash hands
  • Oral care
  • HOB 30 degrees
  • Closed in line suctioning
  • changing filters
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7
Q

What mode is CMV?

A

Continuous Mandatory Ventilation
1. All breaths are mandatory
2. Volume-targeted or pressure targeted
3. Time-triggered

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8
Q

What mode is VC- CMV

A

Volume-Controlled Continuous Mandatory Volume
1. Volume targeted

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9
Q

What mode is PC-CMV

A

Pressure-Controlled Continuous Mandatory Ventilation
1. Pressure targeted
2. Time-triggered or pt triggered
3. Time cycled
RRT sets:
- length of inspiration
- pressure level
- backup rate of ventilation

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10
Q

What mode is IMV?

A

Intermitted Mandatory Ventilation
1. Periodic volume targeted or pressure targeted
2. Time triggered
3. Pt can breathe spontaneously between mandatory breaths w/o receiving a mandatory breath

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11
Q

SBT=

A

Spontaneous Breathing Trial

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12
Q

What mode is CPAP

A

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure
1. Weaning mode
2. 1 continuous level of positive pressure
3. Pt must be spontaneously breathing
**RRT sets:*
- Pressure support= 5
- PEEP= 5
- Fio2= >50%

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13
Q

What mode is PSV?

A

Pressure Support Ventilation
1. Constant pressure during inspiration once it sense
RRT sets:
- Inspiratory pressure
- PEEP
- Flow cycle criteria
- Sensitivity level
2. Used for weaning

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14
Q

The difference between IPAP and EPAP is

A

Pressure Support

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15
Q

What mode is BiPAP

A

Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure
1. RRT sets
- 2 pressure levels (inspiratory and expiratory positive airway pressure

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16
Q

What mode is PRVC

A

Pressure-regulated Volume Controlled
1. Volume targeted
2. Pressure controlled
3. Pt triggered
4. Time cycle

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17
Q

What mode is VSV

A

Volume Support Ventilation
1. Pressure support w/ volume targeted
2. Pt- triggered
3. Volume targeted
4. Flow cycled

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18
Q

What mode is MMV

A

Mandatory Minute Ventilation
1. Weaning mode
2. RRT sets
- minimum minute ventilation (dependent on pt’s current ME)
- High rate and low Vt alarms

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19
Q

What mode is SIMV?

A

Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation
1. Used for weaning
2. Post-surgical pts
3. Prevents breath stacking

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20
Q

PEEP=

A

Positive End-Expiratory Pressure

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21
Q

What is Dynamic Compliance equation

A

Exhaled Vt/ (PIP- Pplat)

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22
Q

What is Static Compliance equation

A

Vt/ Pplat- PEEP)

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23
Q

What is the difference between CPAP and BiPAP?

A
  • CPAP= 1 continuous level of positive pressure
  • BiPAP= 2 set levels of positive pressure
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24
Q

VE=

A

Minute Ventilation

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25
F=
RR
26
Vt=
Tidal volume
27
PIP=
Peak Inspiratory Pressure
28
Pplat=
Plateau Pressure
29
Cs=
Static Compliance
30
Raw=
Airway resistance
31
FIO2=
Fractional inspirited oxygen
32
I/E ratio =
Inspiratory to Expiratory ratio
33
VC=
Vital capacity
34
MIP=
Maximal Inspiratory Pressure
35
NIF=
Negative Inspiratory Force
36
What supplies are needed for Intubation
- Laryngoscope - Blade (Mac or Miller) - ET tube - 10 mL syringe - Stylet - ET tube securing device - Water- soluble lubricant - Carbon dioxide detector - Manual resuscitator - Yankauer
37
How do you manipulate the vent when a pt is in Respiratory Acidosis
- Higher RR - Higher VT
38
How do you manipulate the vent when a pt is in Respiratory Alkalosis
- lower RR - lower VT
39
Range for RSBI (f/vt) for weaning
<60-105
40
Normal value for RR for weaning
<35 breaths
41
What type of weaning parameters are used
- NIF >-20 - RSBI <105 - Vital Capacity >15
42
High pressure alarms can be activated when
- Pt coughs - Secretions - Kinks in tube
43
Low pressure alarms cn be activated when
- Leaks circuit tubbing - Pt disconnection
44
What is ARDS protocol
- Vt= 4 to 6 - RR= 15-25 - PEEP= high - FIO2= high
45
Minute ventilation equation
ME= Vt x F
46
RSBI=
Rapid Shallow Breathing Index
47
RSBI equation
RR/ VT
48
ATC=
Automatic Tube Compensation
49
What is the definition for weaning?
The graduation reduction of ventilatory support from a pt whose condition is improving
50
TCT=
Total Cycle Time
51
TCT equation
TCT= Ti+Te
52
Alarms are designed to
alert clinicians of potential dangers related to the pt ventilator
53
A sigh is a
deep breath that is part of the normal breathing pattern
54
ME is defined as
the movement of air in and out of the lungs
55
2 weaning parameters of neuromuscular disorders
- NIF - Vital capacity
56
NPPV=
Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation
57
NIV=
Noninvasive Ventilation
58
What is static compliance in: Men, Women, Children and Neonates?
- Men= 40 to 50 - Women= 35 to 45 - Children 40 to 50 - Neonates= 10 to 20
59
If Vt is low on CPAP what can we do to increase it
Pressure support
60
1 thing that increases static compliance
emphysema
61
PTV= What are the modes of ptv
-Pressure-Targeted Ventilation; - CPAP - Pressure Support - Spontaneous/ Time
62
ABG for respiratory failure (vent failure)
pH= <7.30 Paco2= >50
63
What are some indications (goals) for Mechanical Ventilation
- Ventilation status - Oxygenation - WOB - Proactiveness
64
What are the different levels to alarms
- Blue= FYI - Yellow= A little urgent, take a look - Red=Urgent! Emergency
65
What are the goals for adjusting PSV
1. To help increase Vt (4 to 8mL) 2. To decrease RR (<30 breaths/min) 3. To decrease the WOB associated w/ breathing thru an artificial airway
66
3 thing I may see if a pt is **passing** their SBT
1. NIF= >-20 2. RSBI= <105 3. ME= 5 to 6 (<10)
67
Things I may see if a pt is **failing** their SBT
- BP drops - RR increases (30-35) - HrR increases - Vt decreases below 250 to 350

Fundamentals II (13 decks)

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