Test #2 Carcinoid tumors PPt-Josh Flashcards
What is a rare, slow-growing cancer.
Carcinoid tumor
Carcinoid tumors are a type of neuroendocrine tumor oringinating in the cells of the ______ system
Neuroendocrine system
Carcinoid tumors usually start in what 2 places
Digestive tract
or
Lungs
with Carcinoid tumors the EARLY STAGES don’t produce symptoms, therefore the average age of diagnosis is what?
60 years old
in the LATER STAGES the Carcinoid tumors sometimes produce hormones that can cause what?
Carcinoid syndrome
Carcinoid syndrome is usually produced by a 1 cm tumors in the _____ and _____
ileum
Jejunum
What are the most common NEUROENDOCRINE tumor? with an est 1.5 clinical cases per 100,000 popultions?
Carcinoid tumors ( no shit right this is what the fucking topic is)
Most Carcinoid tumors are _____ growing without symptoms, however aggressive and metastatic disease does occur!
slow
Carcinoid tumors specifically in the _________ can also metasasize! (hint part of the GI tract)
appendix
Carcinoid tumors most common in what race
African americans (another good reason to be white)
Carcinoid tumors arise from what cells? and where are those cells located?
enterochromaffin cells (ECL) located in the digestive tract (thus the reason it is usually located in the intestines)
Carcinoid tumors are found in what intestinal Glands.
crypts of lieberkuhn
Carcinoid tumors are usually found in the intestinal glands crypts of lieberkuhn, but can also be found where else
lungs mediastinum thymus liver pancreas bronchus ovaries prostate kidneys
In children Carcinoid tumors mostly occur in the ______and are benig and asymptomatic
Appendix
Carcinoid tumors mainly secrete what?
Serotonin
Carcinoid tumors mainly secrete serotonin, but what other 4 peptides are also secreted
chromograins
pancreatic polypeptide
5-hydroxytrptophan (5-htp)
histamine
Carcinoid tumors can metastasize to bone and be associated with what disorders
atypical carcinoid syndrome
acromegaly
cushing’s disease
other endocrine diseases
what are the 7 main things Carcinoid tumors secret
Serotonin Histamine Dopamine Substance P Corticotrophin Prostaglandins kallikrein
how are Carcinoid tumors classified?
based on location in the primitive gut (foregut, midgut, hindgut) that gives rise to the tumor!!!
AKA “the site of origin”
Foregut tumors are divided into what 2 types
Sporadic primary tumors
tumors secondary to achlorhydria
Foregut Tumors:
what are examples of Sporadic primary tumors
Carcinoids of the lung bronchus stomach proximal duodenum pancreas
what Class of tumor are derived from the 2nd portion of the duodenum, the jejunum, the ilium, and the right colon (ascending)
Midgut
The midgut tumors produced high or low levels of peptides
high
what Carcinoid tumors classification arise from the transverse, descending colon, and rectum?
Hindgut
what class of Carcinoid tumors rarely cause carcinoid syndrome, are asymptomatic even when metastatic
Hindgut
With hindgut metastasis to where is common
bone
do hindgut tumors rarely or commonly secrete peptides
rarely
what is the most common location of a Carcinoid tumors
Appendix
Pulmonary Carcinoid tumors TYPICAL:
they typically cause high levels of ______ and _____ in the blood?
serotonin
CgA