Test #2 Burns ARTICLES- Dwayne Flashcards
Most common burn in children
scalds
Most common burn in adults
Flame burns
Depth of burn is R/T what
Contact Temp, duration of contact, thickness of skin
Frostbite occurs from
ice crystals puncturing the cell or a hypertonic tissue environment
Chemical burns are caused from
caustic substances causing alteration in pH, disruption of cell membrane and direct toxic effect
Inhalation burns are caused from
flash burns and steam
Whats is the most common radiation burn
sunburn
what determines the depth of radiation exposure
the type of particle used
Superficial of 1st degree burns
epidermal burn involving the epidermal layer ONLY
Partial thickness burns
Involve the epidermal layer and portions of the dermis
Partial thickness burn catagories
superficial - form blisters and the skin blanches with pressure
Deep - damage hair follicles, and glandular tissue. painful to pressure only, easily unroof, DO NOT Blanch under pressure
Full thickness Burns
Destroy all layers of the dermis and injure the underlying subQ tissue
the eschar can compromise a limb or torso if circumfrential
4th degree Burns
deep life threatening that extend from skin to fascia, muscle and or bone
Are all burns included in a total burn surface area assessment?
NO superficial burns are not counted
Most accurate way to determine Total body surface area
Lund-Browder chart
Most expeditious way to determine Total body surface area
Rule of 9's Each leg= 18% Each Arm = 9% anterior and posterior trunk each = 18% Head = 9% Your Junk = 1%
Palm Method
The Pts whole hand = 1% in adults and kids
The estimation of total body surface area includes?
partial thickness, full thickness, and 4th degree.
SUPERFICIAL DO NOT COUNT
Urgent Immediate burn procedures are restrictive burns such as
eye lid release, mouth contractures, neurovascular bundles, sever neck contractires
Skin grafts reduce ?
the presence of necrotic and infected tissue
The advantage of primary closure is
improvement in esthetic outcomes theoretically
Early wound closure is associated with
decrease in hypertrophic scaring, joint contractures, stiffness and promotes faster rehab
Most frequent donor skin graft is
split thickness skin graft (STSG)
Graft sites can be reharvested in how many days
10-15
grafts are secured by?
staples, sutures or tissue glue
Decreased STSG survival include?
inadequate vascularization, hematoma or seroma under graft, excessive mobilization, high contact/friction areas, local tissue hypoxia
Advanced age, malnutrition, DM or immune suppression, steroids
