Nervous system D/o-PPt -Josh Flashcards
Parkinson’s Disease:
PD is known as a neuro______ diseaae
NeuroDEGENERATIVE
Parkinson’s Disease:
what is the #1 risk factor?
Increasing Age
Parkinson’s Disease:
is a deficiency of dopaminergic innervation of the Basal Ganglia, from the _____ ______
Substantia Nigra
Parkinson’s Disease:
Degeneration of the ___________ pathway leads to depletion of the neurotransmitter dopamine
Nigrastriatal
Parkinson’s Disease:
S/S
- Skeletal Muscle tremor
- Rigidity
- Akinesia
- Bradykinesia
- Postural Instability
Parkinson’s Disease:
what are the 2 types of regidity?
- Plastic rigidity- constant through ROM; lead pipe PROM
- Cogwheel rigidity- breif palpable jerks
Parkinson’s Disease:
what is Akinesia
- An absence or lack of control of voluntary muscle groups
Parkinson’s Disease:
what is bradykinesia
Slowness of voluntary movement
Parkinson’s Disease: Anesthesia
do these pt’s continue Levodopa preop
yepper
Parkinson’s Disease: Anesthesia
what are 3 pharmacological treatment options
- Levodopa
- Synthetic Dopamine Agonist
- Anticholinergic
Parkinson’s Disease: Anesthesia
what are 3 drugs to avoid giving to these pt’s?
Droperidol
Haloperidol
Alfentanil
what is a chronic and progressive autoimmune d/o involving the demyelination of axons?
MS
Multpile Sclerosis:
MS is specific to what part of the nervous system
CNS
Multpile Sclerosis:
the irreversible damage is called by what 5 thinks
- Inflammation
- Oligodendrocyte injury
- Demyelination
- Axonal Degeneration
- Formation of Plaques
Multpile Sclerosis:
Symptoms/ how does it appear for example constant ot remissions
- exacerbations
- Relapses
- Remissions
- eventually Symptoms persist during remissions, leading to severe disability
Multpile Sclerosis:
whare does demylination occur (3), and what is the manifestation?
- Optic Nerve- Visual failure
- Cerebellum Involvement- Gait disturbances
- Spinal Cord Lesions- Skeletal muscle weakness/ urinary incontinenc/ Ataxia
Multpile Sclerosis: Anesthesia
Surgical stress can exacerbate the symptoms- and a temp change of __C can exacerbate symptoms
1
Multpile Sclerosis: Anesthesia
what MR do you want to avoid? why?
DMB (SCh)- d/t hyperkalemia
Huntington’s Disease:
is a heredity degenerative d/o that is ________ dominant
Autosomal Dominant
Huntington’s Disease:
effects what 2 parts of the brain?
- basal Ganglia
- Cerebral Cortex
Huntington’s Disease:
it is also know as what name?
Chorea
Huntington’s Disease:
the basal ganglia is depleted of what NT
GABA
Huntington’s Disease:
S/S
Abnormal movement
Dementia
restlessness
irritabilty
Huntington’s Disease: Anesthesia
the is an increased sensitivy to which MR ND or Dep?
Both
Huntington’s Disease: Anesthesia
what 2 meds are great for pre-treatment
- Droperidol
- Halperidol
What is the functional Abnormality associated w/ at least 1 never root?
- radiculopathy
Radiculopathy:
may be caused by what 3 things?
- compression
- Inflammation
- Acute trauma
Huntington’s Disease: Anesthesia
Muscles innervated by involved nerve root may display what S/S
- Atrophy
- Weakness
- decreased DTRs
- sensry alterations
what are the 3 types of neuropathies
Generalized
focal or multifocal
Generalized symmetric
what type of Nueropathy affect the cell body of only ONE peripheral nerve?
Generalized
Generalized Nueropathy:
what are the 2 types
- Motor
- Sensory
Generalized Nueropathy:
ALS is an example of what type of Generalized Nueropathy:
Motor
Generalized Nueropathy:
Leprosy and Industrial poisoning is an example of what type of Generalized Nueropathy:
Sensory
What type of Neuropathy affect sensory or motor in one or more nerves?
Focal or Multifocal Neuropathies
Focal or Multifocal Neuopathies:
what is an example of this?
Carpal tunnel syndrome
what type of Neuropathy is SYMMETRIC involement of sensory, motor, or autonomic fibers?
Generalized Symmetric Polyneuopathies:
Generalized Symmetric Polyneuopathies:
what are the 3 types
- Distal Axonal Polyneuopathies
- Demyelinated Polyneuopathies
- Axonal Degeneration
Generalized Symmetric Polyneuopathies:
which one of the 3 is the most common?
Distal Axonal Polyneuopathies:
Generalized Symmetric Polyneuopathies:
what is an example of Distal Axonal Polyneuopathies:
(hint think distal AKA legs)
DM
ETOH abuse
Generalized Symmetric Polyneuopathies:
which one is the least common
Demylinating
Generalized Symmetric Polyneuopathies:
what is an exaample of the demyelinating
Guillian- barre
Generalized Symmetric Polyneuopathies:
how is axonal degeneration done
disatl dgeneration of axon fist followed by degeneration of myelin
Myelopathy:
2 types
- HIV Myelopathy:
- Vascular Myelopathy:
Myelopathy:
which one is DIFFUSE degeneration of the spinal cord
HIV Myelopathy:
Myelopathy:
then I guess… which one is Lateral and posterior spinal colums of the lumbar spinal cord! And progressive spastic paraparesis w/ ataxia
vascular Myelopathy:
Thats it
your done
