Test 2, 220 ONLY ch 3 and 4 Flashcards
accreditation
development of standards containing a clear statement of professional objectives
chain of custody
the chronological documentation that shows the seizure, custody, control, transfer, analysis, and disposition of physical or electronic evidence
code of ethics
a set of principles that guides decision-making and behavior for police officers, both on and off duty; the code defines the standards for professionalism, which is key to the integrity of police officers and their credibility with the public
collective bargaining
negotiations between an employer and groups of employees to determine conditions of employment
functional organization design
creation of positions and departments in an organization based on specialized activities
hierarchies
organizational structures that take the shape of a pyramid, with many employees at the bottom and a few management personnel at the top
Incident Command System
coordinates police personnel, allocates resources, and allows emergency responders to adopt and integrate organization structure; attempts to achieve effective coordination of police personnel while ensuring appropriate allocation of resources and providing emergency responders an integrated organizational structure unhindered by jurisdictional boundaries
job action
occurs when negotiations fail to lead to an agreement and can include “blue flu”, work slowdowns, and work speedups
line personnel
perform actual police work and include patrol officers and investigators
matrix structure
involves multiple support systems and authority relationships often found in a drug task force
organization
a rational, efficient form of grouping people
place design
geographical establishment of primary units in an organization, including assignment of personnel to beats, zones, districts, and areas
profession
occupation often requiring some form of accreditation, certification, or licensing and usually including a code of ethics
rank structure
chain of command that identifies who communicated with whom and identifies line of authority
span of control
ratio of supervisors to subordinates
time design
an organizational design that involves assignment of personnel based on watches, tours, or shifts
unity of command
each member of the organization has an immediate supervisor
affirmative action
programs that are intended to prevent discrimination in present hiring and promotion practices and to actively promote proportional representation and equitable opportunity
assessment center
a formal process that involves a serios of exercises(simulation and role playing) designed to test how well a candidate would perform in a job
Bona Fide Occupational Qualification
an exception to the prohibition against basing hiring decisions on religion, race, sex, age, or national origin, if such basis is shown to be a requirement necessary to the specific functions of the job
consent decree
agreement related to an employer achieving a balance in terms of race, ethnicity, and gender in the workforce
discrimination
treating people differently because of their race, gender, religion, or national origin; involves behavior that, in its negative form, excludes all members of a certain group from some rights, opportunities, or privileges
disparate impact
involves an employment policy or practice that, although seemingly neutral, adversely impacts a person or group
galvanic skin response
changes in electrical resistance in the skin over time
immutable characteristics
characteristics determined at birth of characteristics individuals should not be asked to change
institutional discrimination
unfair testing procedures, hiring practices, job assignments, and educational requirements
integrity test
test used to assess a candidate’s honesty and propensity for counterproductive behavior on the job, such as drug use or theft
multiple-hurdle procedure
a battery of tests or hurdles that must be completed before a recruit can become a police officer; the failure to pass any of the sequential hurdles disqualifies the candidate
polygraph
a device that registers involuntary physical processes that is often used in an attempts to detect whether or not a suspect is telling the truth
qualified individual with a disablity
interpreted to mean the job applicant must be able to perform the essential elements of the job with or without reasonable accommodation
reasonable accommodation
refers to the new construction or modification of existing facilities and work schedules, as long as the modification does not cause the agency undue hardship, such as significant expense or difficulty
simulation or work sample test
measures job skills of an applicant using samples of behavior under realistic job-like conditions
status test
related to an applicant’s citizenship, possession of or ability to obtain a driver’s license, residency requirement, and age and education level
a functional organization design benefits employees by ______
clearly defining responsibilities for which one is accountable
the foundation of ______, a significant professional achievement, lies in the development of standards containing a clear statement of professional objectives
accreditation
which of the following is a characteristic of a profession?
- code of ethics
- dedication to self improvement
- unique, identifiable academic field of knowledge
- all of these
all of these
which of the following is NOT a benefit of collective bargaining?
- higher wages
- work stoppages
- increased sick days
- increased pensions
work stoppages
which of the following is a particular challenge with hierarchical organizational structures?
- this organizational system often leads to unclear supervisory control
- there are few opportunities for upward communication
- the division of authority is often misunderstood
- there is little accountability for task completion
there are few opportunities for upward communication
hiring officers who have the educational abilities, socialization skills, and demographic characteristics that accurately reflect the communities they serve can result in which of the following?
- ensure that all crimes are solved
- increase trust and cooperation with the police
- increase size of police organizations
- eradicate officer corruption
increase trust and cooperation with the police
which of the following statements about affirmative action is true?
- the burden of demonstrating that requirement are job related falls on the employer
- employers with fewer than 150 employees do not need to adopt procedures against discrimination
- it is not a violation of affirmative action for an employer to discriminate on the basis of sexual orientation
- it does not really exist in police work
the burden of demonstrating that requirements are job related falls on the employer
an _______ is an exception to the prohibition against basing hiring decisions on religion, race, sex, age, or national origin, if such basis is shown to be a requirement necessary to the specific functions of the job
bona fide occupational qualification
U.S. citizenship is an example of a ________
status test
Which generation is known to have a different work ethic, are influenced by the digital media, regard the threat of terrorism as a fact of life, and live in a global community that is constantly connected?
Millennials
police militarization
lines are blurred between police and military; this began in the prohibition era
SWAT(special weapons and tactics)
originated in the late 1960s because of the LA riots
recruitment and selection
a department’s main expenses
selection in larger jurisdictions is decided by…
commissioners, departments, or civil service boards
police chiefs are selected by…
assessment teams, city managers, mayors, and council members
double marginality and discrimination
in promotion regarding officers of color
