Test 12 Flashcards
When adding,/subtracting significant digits, the answer should have the same number of decimal places as the number with the ______ decimal places.
fewest
What law states that the velocity of an object does not change unless the object is acted upon by an external force?
first law of motion
What law states that if the pressure of a gas is constant, the gases volume and temperature are directly proportional?
Charles’s law
What is energy associated with the position of an object and the forces acting upon it?
potential energy
What is the general term for the process by which heat flows through materials and between objects in direct contact?
conduction
What is the maximum distance that particles are displaced by a wave?
amplitude
What is the strength of a sound wave?
intensity
What is perceived when all colors of visible light are mixed?
white
What consists of extremely high-frequency electromagnetic waves produced by reactions in the nucleus of an atom?
gamma rays
What is the phenomenon in which an object’s colors are produced by interference and depend on the viewing angle?
iridescence
According to Einstein’s general theory of relativity, what quantities are affected by gravity?
time and length
What law states that the strength of the attraction or repulsion between two charged objects is directly related to the strength of the charges and inversely related to the square of the distance between them?
law of electric force
What is the term for a substance with no unpaired electrons?
diamagnetic
What type of lamp produces light by passing an electric current through a long tube filled with a low-pressure mixture of mercury vapor and argon?
fluorescent lamp
What is a device that increases or decreases the voltage of alternating current using electromagnetic induction?
transformer
What is a simple vacuum tube that uses a negatively charged filament and a positively charged plate to allow current flow in only one direction?
diode
What is a substance that alters the rate of a chemical reaction without being permanently changed or consumed in the reaction?
catalyst
What is an insoluble substance that forms (falls out) during a chemical reaction?
precipitate
What is a diagram showing the locations of all the atoms and valence electrons in a molecule?
Lewis structure
A type of circuit arrangement with current divided among its separate branches is a _______ circuit.
parallel
What device converts pulses of electricity into sound waves?
loudspeaker
The Latin phrase meaning “out of nothing” is ______.
ex nihilo
Any device used to store an electric charge is a ______.
capacitor
What process releases an enormous amount of heat and gamma rays as a substance is split into several pieces?
nuclear fission
What type of formula shows only the simplest ratio of atoms in a compound?
empirical formula
What is a chemical reaction in which a single compound breaks down to form two or more different substances?
decomposition
What type of electrochemical cell is designed to have the reactants continually replenished from an outside source?
fuel cell
What type of hydrocarbon contains one or more double bonds between carbon atoms?
alkene
What is the group of biological compounds characterized by insolubility in water?
lipids
What is the philosophy that asserts that nothing is knowable outside the natural world?
secular humanism
What is the idea that God used evolution to make everything in the world?
theistic evolution
What is the process by which DNA is copied?
replication
What hypothesis is the most commonly accepted view of the origin of the matter and energy of the universe?
big bang
What idea uses scientific observation alone as evidence that there must be a designer for the universe?
intelligent design
What is the study of science as it relates to the origins of the universe and of life based on faith in God as Creator?
Creation science
What is the false belief that natural processes have always occurred in the same manner and at the same rate that they do now?
uniformitarianism
With the addition of the ideas of genetics to Darwin’s ideas, what is the most accepted description of biological evolution?
Neo-Darwinism
The memory that a computer uses to store information temporarily is ______.
RAM
A chemical bond resulting from the sharing of valence electrons between atoms is a _______.
covalent bond
Smaller particles that compose protons and neutrons are _______.
quarks
The intermolecular force that occurs between all molecules is the _________.
London force
The process of mixing molecules of one substance with those of another substance by random molecular motion is ________.
diffusion
A base that only partially ionizes in a solution to produce hydroxide ions is a ______ base.
weak
What type of intermolecular force is present only between polar molecules?
dipole-dipole force
What are the building blocks of proteins?
amino acids
What law indicates that the universe in not improving but is instead running down?
second law of thermodynamics
What is the average mass of all the natural isotopes of an element?
average atomic mass
What is the principle that states the total mass of the reactants is equal to the total mass of the products?
law of conservation of mass
What is a single piece of semiconductor containing an entire electronic circuit?
integrated circuit
What system allows a computer to store programs and information?
memory
What is the “working copy” of genetic information?
RNA
prominent creationist lecturer during the 1920’s and 1930’s
Harry Rimmer
naturalist who published Origin of Species in 1859
Charles Darwin
coauthored The Genesis Flood with Dr. John Whitcomb
Dr. Henry Morris
known to be Creation science’s “bulldog”
Dr. Duane Gish
wrote The New Geology in support of the Flood as described in Genesis
George McCready Price
attempted to reproduce abiogenesis by mixing methane, ammonia, and hydrogen while carefully excluding oxygen
Stanley Miller
authored Principles of Geology, which introduced the idea of uniformitarianism
Charles Lyell
scientist known for his invention of the telegraph
Samuel F. B. Morse
made important contributions to the fields of magnetism and electricity and invented the first electroscope
William Gilbert
What type of metal is very soft, has a low melting point, and is not in a pure elemental form?
alkali metal
No part of the system is useful unless the other parts are present
irreducible complexity
