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Abeka Physical Science > Test 12 > Flashcards

Test 12 Flashcards

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1
Q

When adding,/subtracting significant digits, the answer should have the same number of decimal places as the number with the ______ decimal places.

A

fewest

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2
Q

What law states that the velocity of an object does not change unless the object is acted upon by an external force?

A

first law of motion

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3
Q

What law states that if the pressure of a gas is constant, the gases volume and temperature are directly proportional?

A

Charles’s law

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4
Q

What is energy associated with the position of an object and the forces acting upon it?

A

potential energy

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5
Q

What is the general term for the process by which heat flows through materials and between objects in direct contact?

A

conduction

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6
Q

What is the maximum distance that particles are displaced by a wave?

A

amplitude

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7
Q

What is the strength of a sound wave?

A

intensity

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8
Q

What is perceived when all colors of visible light are mixed?

A

white

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9
Q

What consists of extremely high-frequency electromagnetic waves produced by reactions in the nucleus of an atom?

A

gamma rays

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10
Q

What is the phenomenon in which an object’s colors are produced by interference and depend on the viewing angle?

A

iridescence

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11
Q

According to Einstein’s general theory of relativity, what quantities are affected by gravity?

A

time and length

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12
Q

What law states that the strength of the attraction or repulsion between two charged objects is directly related to the strength of the charges and inversely related to the square of the distance between them?

A

law of electric force

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13
Q

What is the term for a substance with no unpaired electrons?

A

diamagnetic

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14
Q

What type of lamp produces light by passing an electric current through a long tube filled with a low-pressure mixture of mercury vapor and argon?

A

fluorescent lamp

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15
Q

What is a device that increases or decreases the voltage of alternating current using electromagnetic induction?

A

transformer

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16
Q

What is a simple vacuum tube that uses a negatively charged filament and a positively charged plate to allow current flow in only one direction?

A

diode

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17
Q

What is a substance that alters the rate of a chemical reaction without being permanently changed or consumed in the reaction?

A

catalyst

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18
Q

What is an insoluble substance that forms (falls out) during a chemical reaction?

A

precipitate

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19
Q

What is a diagram showing the locations of all the atoms and valence electrons in a molecule?

A

Lewis structure

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20
Q

A type of circuit arrangement with current divided among its separate branches is a _______ circuit.

A

parallel

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21
Q

What device converts pulses of electricity into sound waves?

A

loudspeaker

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22
Q

The Latin phrase meaning “out of nothing” is ______.

A

ex nihilo

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23
Q

Any device used to store an electric charge is a ______.

A

capacitor

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24
Q

What process releases an enormous amount of heat and gamma rays as a substance is split into several pieces?

A

nuclear fission

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25
Q

What type of formula shows only the simplest ratio of atoms in a compound?

A

empirical formula

26
Q

What is a chemical reaction in which a single compound breaks down to form two or more different substances?

A

decomposition

27
Q

What type of electrochemical cell is designed to have the reactants continually replenished from an outside source?

A

fuel cell

28
Q

What type of hydrocarbon contains one or more double bonds between carbon atoms?

A

alkene

29
Q

What is the group of biological compounds characterized by insolubility in water?

A

lipids

30
Q

What is the philosophy that asserts that nothing is knowable outside the natural world?

A

secular humanism

31
Q

What is the idea that God used evolution to make everything in the world?

A

theistic evolution

32
Q

What is the process by which DNA is copied?

A

replication

33
Q

What hypothesis is the most commonly accepted view of the origin of the matter and energy of the universe?

A

big bang

34
Q

What idea uses scientific observation alone as evidence that there must be a designer for the universe?

A

intelligent design

35
Q

What is the study of science as it relates to the origins of the universe and of life based on faith in God as Creator?

A

Creation science

36
Q

What is the false belief that natural processes have always occurred in the same manner and at the same rate that they do now?

A

uniformitarianism

37
Q

With the addition of the ideas of genetics to Darwin’s ideas, what is the most accepted description of biological evolution?

A

Neo-Darwinism

38
Q

The memory that a computer uses to store information temporarily is ______.

A

RAM

39
Q

A chemical bond resulting from the sharing of valence electrons between atoms is a _______.

A

covalent bond

40
Q

Smaller particles that compose protons and neutrons are _______.

A

quarks

41
Q

The intermolecular force that occurs between all molecules is the _________.

A

London force

42
Q

The process of mixing molecules of one substance with those of another substance by random molecular motion is ________.

A

diffusion

43
Q

A base that only partially ionizes in a solution to produce hydroxide ions is a ______ base.

A

weak

44
Q

What type of intermolecular force is present only between polar molecules?

A

dipole-dipole force

45
Q

What are the building blocks of proteins?

A

amino acids

46
Q

What law indicates that the universe in not improving but is instead running down?

A

second law of thermodynamics

47
Q

What is the average mass of all the natural isotopes of an element?

A

average atomic mass

48
Q

What is the principle that states the total mass of the reactants is equal to the total mass of the products?

A

law of conservation of mass

49
Q

What is a single piece of semiconductor containing an entire electronic circuit?

A

integrated circuit

50
Q

What system allows a computer to store programs and information?

A

memory

51
Q

What is the “working copy” of genetic information?

A

RNA

52
Q

prominent creationist lecturer during the 1920’s and 1930’s

A

Harry Rimmer

53
Q

naturalist who published Origin of Species in 1859

A

Charles Darwin

54
Q

coauthored The Genesis Flood with Dr. John Whitcomb

A

Dr. Henry Morris

55
Q

known to be Creation science’s “bulldog”

A

Dr. Duane Gish

56
Q

wrote The New Geology in support of the Flood as described in Genesis

A

George McCready Price

57
Q

attempted to reproduce abiogenesis by mixing methane, ammonia, and hydrogen while carefully excluding oxygen

A

Stanley Miller

58
Q

authored Principles of Geology, which introduced the idea of uniformitarianism

A

Charles Lyell

59
Q

scientist known for his invention of the telegraph

A

Samuel F. B. Morse

60
Q

made important contributions to the fields of magnetism and electricity and invented the first electroscope

A

William Gilbert

61
Q

What type of metal is very soft, has a low melting point, and is not in a pure elemental form?

A

alkali metal

62
Q

No part of the system is useful unless the other parts are present

A

irreducible complexity

Abeka Physical Science (9 decks)

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