Test 1 (Week 1/2) Flashcards
1
Q
ETHICAL ISSUES IN PSYCHOLOGICAL EXPERIMENTS
A
- Informed consent
- Deception
- Debriefing
- Right to Withdraw
- Protection from harm
- Confidentiality
2
Q
INFORMED CONSENT
A
- Participants should be de-briefed with as much information as possible about the study to enable them to make an INFORMED JUDGEMENT as to take part or not
3
Q
DECEPTION
A
- ONLY to be used if there is no alternative
- Should seek approval from ethics committee
- Debriefing does not justify deception
4
Q
RIGHT TO WITHDRAW
A
- Must have participants that they are free to leave a study at ANY time; even if paid prior
- Also can refuse permission for their data to be used
5
Q
PROTECTION FROM HARM
A
- Participants psychological and physical safety must be ensured
- Cannot expose them to greater risk than their normal life experiences
6
Q
CONFIDENTIALITY
A
- Info about our participants is protected by the Data Protection Act
- Must not be identifiable in published research eg. numbers
7
Q
DEBRIEFING
A
- After the experiment is complete participants must be ‘debriefed’ and informed of the motivations for the experiment
- If deception has been used the true aim of the researchers must be revealed and consent be given by the participant
- They must be given the chance to ask any questions they have
8
Q
HINDBRAIN
A
- Oldest part
- Located deep within the head above the spinal cord
- Controls most basic functions eg. heart rate, breathing, sleeping and reflex
9
Q
MIDBRAIN
A
- Sits on top of brain stem
- Acts as brain sensory switchboard
- Receives messages from all senses but smell and sends them on to higher brain regions that deal with senses
10
Q
FOREBRAIN
A
- Largest
- Most highly developed
- Major role in how we THINK, FEEL AND BEHAVE
- Outer layer is known as the cortex; wrinked, soft, pinkey grey
- Cortex has two halves; known as hemispheres separated by a deep groove
11
Q
CORPUS CALLOSUM
A
- Found in centre of brain
- Connects two hemispheres
- Controls both sides of the body whilst still receiving sensory information
12
Q
LEFT HEMISPHERE
A
- Logic
- Language (comprehension)
- Critical thinking
- Numbers
- Reasoning
- Production of speech
- Receives sensations from the right side of the body
- Reading
- Writing
- Sequencial processing
- Math
13
Q
RIGHT HEMISPHERE
A
- Recognising faces
- Expressing emotions
- Music
- Reading emotions
- Colour
- Images
- Intuition
- Creativity
- Recognition of pattens
- Spacial ability e.g. dance, movement, design
14
Q
FRONTAL LOBE
A
- Reasoning
- Motor skills
- Higher level cognition and language
15
Q
PARIETAL LOBE
A
- Processes sensory information
- Contains somatosensory cortex
- Located behind the frontal lobe
- Also involved in coordination of senses and movement
- Taste
16
Q
TEMPORAL LOBE
A
- Interprets sounds and language
- Contains the hippocampus
- Associated with the formation of memory
- Smell
17
Q
BROCAS AREA
A
- Main area of cerebral cortex
- Responsible for producing language
- Damage to this leaves you with the ability to understand language but can’t properly form work or produce speech
18
Q
WERNICKES AREA
A
- Region of brain where spoken language is understood
- People with Wernickes Aphasia can understand language but can’t speak (often gibberish)
19
Q
PRIMARY SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX
A
- Strip of neurones located at the front of the parietal lobe, adjacent to motor cortex
- Registers and processes sensory information from receptors in the body
20
Q
PRIMARY AUDITORY CORTEX
A
- Area of the temporal lobes that registers and processes auditory information
21
Q
PRIMARY VISUAL CORTEX
A
- Area at the base of the occipital lobe that registers and processes and interprets visual information sent from each eye
22
Q
COGNITIVE PROCESSES
A
- Brain processes that involve thinking, knowing or mentally manipulating information
23
Q
COGNITION
A
- Thinking, knowing or mentally processing information
24
Q
SENSATION
A
- The immediate response in the brain caused by excitation of a sensory organ
25
Q
CEREBRUM
A
- Two large hemispheres that over the upper part of the brain
26
Q
PRIMARY MOTOR CORTEX
A
- Area at the rear of the frontal lobe that directs body’s skeletal muscles and controls voluntary movement
- Voluntary movement
27
Q
ASSOCIATION AREAS
A
- All areas of the cerebral cortex that don’t have a specialised sensory or motor function
- Integrate information received from different brain areas and structures to enable complex mental behaviours
28
Q
OCCIPITAL LOBE
A
- Interprets visual stimuli
- Contains the primary visual cortex
- Reading
