INTELLIGENCE Flashcards

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1
Q

WHAT IS INTELLIGENCE

A
−	ability to think abstractly
−	plan
−	gather information
−	understand complex ideas
−	solve problems
−	reason
−	adapt effectively to the environment
−	overcome obstacles
−	learn from experience
−	adapt to novel situation
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2
Q

GALTON

A

− Galton visited Australia with the intention of studying the Torres Strait Islanders who were regarded as a ‘primitive man’
− He found that they performed the same as English educated people with tests regarding vision, hearing, reaction times etc

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3
Q

SPEARMAN

A

− Believed intelligence was a single general trait
− If you scored well with a test on language, you would also score well on math, memory and logical reasoning
− He found that correlations between tests were positive but not strong

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4
Q

BINET

A

− 1904, created the first baseline to assess a child’s mental age
− Contracted by the French Government to detect ‘retarded’ children that would benefit from special tutoring
− Administered a test to 5 groups, of specific age groups of students who identified by their teacher as being average to create a base level
− Children who well below this base line were deemed ‘idiots’

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5
Q

INTELLIGENCE IQ

A

− Defined originally the ratio of mental age (ma) to chronological age (ca) multiplied by 100
− IQ = ma/ca x 100
− On contemporary tests, the average performance for a given specific age is assigned a score of 100

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6
Q

GARDNER

A

− 1983, created theory of multiple intelligences
− Initially there were SEVEN intelligences
− 1996, he added an EIGHTH (naturalistic)
− Widely accepted is that most people could relate, as It stated that everyone was intelligence in their own way

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