TEST 1 - UNIT E.1 - EF - COMMUNICATION Flashcards
Communication INCLUDES
includes both verbal and nonverbal cues.
Communication is not a linear process, but an
ongoing cycle that includes both verbal and nonverbal cues.
There are multiple communication models, but each has, at minimum
a sender, a receiver, and a message.
The four major models of communication discussed in this lesson are the
Shannon-Weaver Communication Model; the Schramm Communication Model, also known as Osgood-Schramm Communication Model; Newcomb’s ABX Communication Model; and Berlo’s S-M-C-R model.
Feedback allows the sender and receiver to
know the message was properly understood.
There are five forms of communication:
verbal, nonverbal, auditory, emotional, and energetic.
There are four modes of communication:
verbal, nonverbal, electronic, and written.
There are four types of communication:
passive, aggressive, assertive, and passive aggressive.
Multiple factors can be barriers to effective communication, such as
cognitive deficits, physical disabilities, and environmental factors.
There are four phases to the nurse-client relationship:
orientation, identification, exploitation, and resolution.
Nontherapeutic barriers include
not listening to the client, dismissing what the client is saying, attempting to reassure or give advice, and challenging the client or disagreeing with what is being said.
· ABX model
o Also known as the Newcomb’s model of communication, made up of a sender, receiver and message.
· affirmations
o Positive comments that help build the receiver’s confidence.
· aggressive
o Hostile or forceful style of communication.
· assertive
o Communication style that displays confidence or self-assurance.
· auditory communication
o What message the receiver hears.
· autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
o A developmental disorder that can cause barriers in social interaction and communication.
· channel
o The method or medium used to deliver a message.
· communication
o The process of sending and receiving information. Dynamic interactions between people and their environment using a process that involves celebration (thinking), cognition, hearing, speech production, and motor coordination.
· dementia
o A cognitive disorder that can impair communication ability due to language and memory changes.
· Down syndrome
o A developmental disorder that can cause physical, cognitive and communication deficits.
· emotional communication
o A form of communication that expresses feelings and emotions.
· empathy
o Ability to understand the feelings of another.
· energetic communication
o The speaker’s presence or vibration that is expressed when communicating.
· feedback
o Response to a message, either positive or negative.
· Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
o The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, also known as the Privacy Act, legislation is to protect insurance coverage and private information of clients. Its purpose is to protect client privacy and personal health information from security breaches, particularly electronic data. It was established by the federal government with the goal of making health care more efficient. Established in 1996 to reduce fraud and deter inappropriate use of client health care information.
· message
o What is being communicated between the sender and receiver.
· motivational interviewing (MI)
o Communication strategy that empowers the receiver to make positive changes.
· nontherapeutic communication
o Techniques that hinder communication, such as stating the person is wrong.
· nonverbal communication
o Body language, behavior that is not spoken.
· OARS
o Mnemonic for motivational interviewing techniques: Open-ended questions, Affirmations, Reflective listening, Summarizing.
· open-ended questions
o Questions that require more than a yes or no answer.
· passive
o Communication style that does not act or openly express discomfort.
· passive aggressive
o Communication style that finds indirect ways to protest or express unhappiness with a situation.
· patient-centered care
o A treatment technique that keeps the client involved in their own care.
· receiver
o Person listening to the message.
· reflection
o A therapeutic communication technique where one person mirrors back the message of the speaker to encourage further sharing.
· restating
o A therapeutic communication technique where the receiver summarizes or paraphrase the message back to the sender to ensure understanding.
· S-M-C-R model
o A communication model comprised of a Sender-Message-Channel-Receiver.
· sender
o Person expressing the message.
· therapeutic communication
o Techniques used to improve communication, such as active listening.
· verbal communication
o Spoken word.
Assertive communicators
advocate for their rights and the rights of others in a nonhostile manner
Aggressive communicators
verbally and directly express their thoughts to the person who has upset them. In this situation, the charge nurse did not express any anger or hostility at the oncoming nurse.
passive-aggressive style of communication.
pleasant and accepting that the nurse would be late. However, once the phone call ended, the charge nurse then complained about the nurse always being late to the other staff.
Passive communicators have developed a pattern to
avoid conflict, expression of their feelings or opinions, and standing up for themselves when boundaries are crossed.
Motivational interviewing uses _____________which includes open-ended questions.
OARS (open-ended questions, affirmations, reflective listening, summarizing),
an open-ended question requires
more than a yes or no answer.
closed-ended question that could be answered with
a yes or no.
avoid using ___________ that the client might not understand because this will deter the client from learning.
medical terminology
select an area that is ____________to enhance client learning.
private with limited distractions
Providing teaching in a cafeteria can
be distracting for the client and can result in a HIPAA violation
The nurse should take steps to facilitate learning, such as
ensuring the client’s assistive devices, including eyeglasses or hearing aids, are being used
The use of probing is
nontherapeutic and can impair the nurse-client relationship and limit learning.
Auditory communication is what the
receiver hears when the sender speaks a message
Nonverbal communication, also known as
body language, plays an important role in interactions among nurses, clients, and their families.