TEST 1 . MULTIPLE CHOICE Flashcards
What virus causes lymphoid malignancies in humans
Epstein-Bar virus
Tumor suppresor genes causes cancers such as leukemia when mutations result in
Failure to prevent malignant process
what is a cellular abnormality produced by oncogenes
Acceleration of DNA catabolism
Oncogenes are said to act in a dominant fashion because
A mutation in a single allele is sufficient for malignancy to develop
Compared with autologous bone marrow transplantation, allogeneic transplantation has
better long term success
Chemotherapeutic agents are divided into which two major subgroups
phase specific
phase non specific
Qualitative and quantitative neutrophil changes noted in response to infection include
neutropenia
toxic granulation
vacuolization
The WHO classification requires what percentage for the blast count in the blood or bone
At least 20%
neutropenia is present in patients with which absolute count
<1.5*10^9/L
A m:e (myeloid:erythroid ration) of 10:1 is mostly seen in
Leukemia
In addition to morphology, cytochemistry, and immunophenotyping, the WHO classification of Myelo- and lymphoproliferative disorders is based upon which characteristic?
Cytogenetic abnormalities
Which AML cytogenetic abnormality is associated with acute myelomonocytic leukemia
with marrow eosinophilia under the WHO classification of AML with recurrent genetic
abnormalities?
AML with inv
Which of the following leukemias are included in the 2008 World Health Organization classification of myeloproliferative neoplasms?
Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)
Chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL)
Chronio eosinophilic leukemia (CEL)
Frequent phlebotomy in polycethemia vera patients may lead to
iron deficiency anaemia
in essential thrombocytopenia the platelets are
increased in number and fuctionality abnormal
Which of the following cells is considered pathognomonic for Hodgkin’s disease?
Reed- sternberg cells
Which of the morphological findings are characteristics of reactive lymphocytes
high nuclear: cytoplsmic ration
prominent nucleoli
basophilic cytoplasm
Which type of anaemia is ussually present in a patient with acute leukemia
Normocytic, Normochromic
Auer rods may be seen in all of the following
acute myelomonocytic leukemia (M4)
acute myeloid leukemia leukemia without maturation (M1)
acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)
The basic pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for producing signs and symptoms in leukemia include all of the following except
Decreased erythropoietin production
In leukemia which term decribes a peripheral blood finding of leukocytosis with a shift to the left, accompanied by nucleated red cells
Leukoerythroblastosis
Which type of acute myeloid leukemia is called the true monocytic leukemia and follows an acute or sub acute course charcterized by monoblasts, promonocytes and monocytes
Acute monocytic anaemia
In which age group does acute lymphoblastic leukemia occur with the highest frequency
1-15 years
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is mostly often associated with which of the following types of acute leukemia
Acute promyelocytic leukemia
In Myelofibrosis, the characteristic abnormal red blood cell morphology is that of
Tear drop cell
PV is characterized by
Absolute increase in total red cell mass
Features of secondary polycynthemia incude all of the foloowing except
splenomegaly
The erythrocytosis seen in relative polycythemia occurs because of
Decreased plasma volume of circulating blood
In PV, what is characteristically seen in the peripheral blood?
Pancytosis
The leukocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP) stain on a patient gives the following results:
10(0) 48(1+) 38(2+) 3(3+) 1(4+). Calculate the LAP score.
The LAP score is calculated as: (the number of 1+ cells x 1) + (2+ cells x 2) + (3+ cells>
3) + (4+ cells x 4).
137
Which of the following occurs in idiopathic Myelofibrosis (IMF)?
All of these options
CML is distinguished from leukemoid reaction by which of the following?
CML: low LAP; leukemoid: high LAP
What influence does the Philadelphia (Ph1) chromosome have on the prognosis of
patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia?
The prognosis is better if Ph1 is present
Which of the following is (are) commonly found in CML?
An increase in basophils
In which of the following conditions does LAP show the least activity?
CML
A striking feature of the peripheral blood of a patient with CML is a:
Presence of granulocytes at different stages of development
Which of the following is often associated with CML but not with AML?
Splenomegaly
The JAK2(V617F) mutation may be positive in all of the following chronic myeloproliferative disorders Except
CML
All of the following are major criteria for the 2008 WHO diagnostic criteria for essential
thrombocythemia Except:
Sustained platelet count >600 x 109/L
A patient in whom CML has previously been diagnosed has circulating blasts and
promyelocytes that total 30% of leukocytes. The disease is considered to be in what
phase?
Transformation to acute leukemia
Features of secondary polycethemia include all of the following except
Splenomegaly
