TEST 1 . MULTIPLE CHOICE Flashcards

1
Q

What virus causes lymphoid malignancies in humans

A

Epstein-Bar virus

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2
Q

Tumor suppresor genes causes cancers such as leukemia when mutations result in

A

Failure to prevent malignant process

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3
Q

what is a cellular abnormality produced by oncogenes

A

Acceleration of DNA catabolism

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4
Q

Oncogenes are said to act in a dominant fashion because

A

A mutation in a single allele is sufficient for malignancy to develop

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5
Q

Compared with autologous bone marrow transplantation, allogeneic transplantation has

A

better long term success

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6
Q

Chemotherapeutic agents are divided into which two major subgroups

A

phase specific
phase non specific

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7
Q

Qualitative and quantitative neutrophil changes noted in response to infection include

A

neutropenia
toxic granulation
vacuolization

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8
Q

The WHO classification requires what percentage for the blast count in the blood or bone

A

At least 20%

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9
Q

neutropenia is present in patients with which absolute count

A

<1.5*10^9/L

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9
Q

A m:e (myeloid:erythroid ration) of 10:1 is mostly seen in

A

Leukemia

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10
Q

In addition to morphology, cytochemistry, and immunophenotyping, the WHO classification of Myelo- and lymphoproliferative disorders is based upon which characteristic?

A

Cytogenetic abnormalities

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11
Q

Which AML cytogenetic abnormality is associated with acute myelomonocytic leukemia
with marrow eosinophilia under the WHO classification of AML with recurrent genetic
abnormalities?

A

AML with inv

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12
Q

Which of the following leukemias are included in the 2008 World Health Organization classification of myeloproliferative neoplasms?

A

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)
Chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL)
Chronio eosinophilic leukemia (CEL)

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13
Q

Frequent phlebotomy in polycethemia vera patients may lead to

A

iron deficiency anaemia

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14
Q

in essential thrombocytopenia the platelets are

A

increased in number and fuctionality abnormal

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15
Q

Which of the following cells is considered pathognomonic for Hodgkin’s disease?

A

Reed- sternberg cells

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16
Q

Which of the morphological findings are characteristics of reactive lymphocytes

A

high nuclear: cytoplsmic ration
prominent nucleoli
basophilic cytoplasm

17
Q

Which type of anaemia is ussually present in a patient with acute leukemia

A

Normocytic, Normochromic

17
Q

Auer rods may be seen in all of the following

A

acute myelomonocytic leukemia (M4)
acute myeloid leukemia leukemia without maturation (M1)
acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)

18
Q

The basic pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for producing signs and symptoms in leukemia include all of the following except

A

Decreased erythropoietin production

18
Q

In leukemia which term decribes a peripheral blood finding of leukocytosis with a shift to the left, accompanied by nucleated red cells

A

Leukoerythroblastosis

19
Q

Which type of acute myeloid leukemia is called the true monocytic leukemia and follows an acute or sub acute course charcterized by monoblasts, promonocytes and monocytes

A

Acute monocytic anaemia

19
Q

In which age group does acute lymphoblastic leukemia occur with the highest frequency

A

1-15 years

20
Q

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is mostly often associated with which of the following types of acute leukemia

A

Acute promyelocytic leukemia

21
Q

In Myelofibrosis, the characteristic abnormal red blood cell morphology is that of

A

Tear drop cell

21
Q

PV is characterized by

A

Absolute increase in total red cell mass

22
Q

Features of secondary polycynthemia incude all of the foloowing except

A

splenomegaly

22
Q

The erythrocytosis seen in relative polycythemia occurs because of

A

Decreased plasma volume of circulating blood

23
Q

In PV, what is characteristically seen in the peripheral blood?

A

Pancytosis

24
Q

The leukocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP) stain on a patient gives the following results:
10(0) 48(1+) 38(2+) 3(3+) 1(4+). Calculate the LAP score.
The LAP score is calculated as: (the number of 1+ cells x 1) + (2+ cells x 2) + (3+ cells>
3) + (4+ cells x 4).

A

137

25
Q

Which of the following occurs in idiopathic Myelofibrosis (IMF)?

A

All of these options

25
Q

CML is distinguished from leukemoid reaction by which of the following?

A

CML: low LAP; leukemoid: high LAP

26
Q

What influence does the Philadelphia (Ph1) chromosome have on the prognosis of
patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia?

A

The prognosis is better if Ph1 is present

27
Q

Which of the following is (are) commonly found in CML?

A

An increase in basophils

27
Q

In which of the following conditions does LAP show the least activity?

A

CML

28
Q

A striking feature of the peripheral blood of a patient with CML is a:

A

Presence of granulocytes at different stages of development

29
Q

Which of the following is often associated with CML but not with AML?

A

Splenomegaly

30
Q

The JAK2(V617F) mutation may be positive in all of the following chronic myeloproliferative disorders Except

A

CML

30
Q

All of the following are major criteria for the 2008 WHO diagnostic criteria for essential
thrombocythemia Except:

A

Sustained platelet count >600 x 109/L

31
Q

A patient in whom CML has previously been diagnosed has circulating blasts and
promyelocytes that total 30% of leukocytes. The disease is considered to be in what
phase?

A

Transformation to acute leukemia

32
Q

Features of secondary polycethemia include all of the following except

A

Splenomegaly