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Test 1 MOAs Flashcards

1
Q

Acepromazine MOA

A

Inhibits central dopaminergic and is antimuscarinic and blocks norepinephring at adrenergic receptors (alpha receptors). Sedation and vasodialation.

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2
Q

Acetaminophen MOA

A

Analgesic: Inhibits centrally mediated pain transmission by inhibition of COX 3, inhibit prostaglandins in tissues low in arachidonic acid. Site of action is peroxidase enzyme on prostaglandin H2 synthase. Stimulate inhibitory pain pathwasy mediated by serotonin (5HT3)

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3
Q

Altrenogest MOA

A

Synthetic progestin thus progesterone agonist. Suppresses estrus, predictable estrous activity once discontinued. Useful to induce syncronized normal cycle of estrous.

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4
Q

Apomorphine MOA

A

Emetic; potent lipophilic agent that crosses the blood brain barrier to stimulate dopamine receptors in the vomiting center. Not absorbed orally due to first pass effect.

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5
Q

Aspirin MOA

A

NSAID: Binds irreversibly to COX enzyme in tissues to inhibits synthesis of prostaglandins. Inhibition of NF kappa-B.

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6
Q

Azathioprine MOA

A

Inhibits T-cell lymphocyte function specifically purine metabolism

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7
Q

Benzocaine MOA

A

Inhibits Na channels on neurons thus inhibiting depolarization and conduction of nerve impulses.

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8
Q

Betamethasone MOA

A

Corticosteroid (no glucocorticoid effects) that inhibits inflammatory cells, suppresses expression of inflammatory mediators. Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive.

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9
Q

Budesonide MOA

A

Corticosteroid. High glucocorticoid and weak mineralocorticoid

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10
Q

Bupivacain MOA

A

Inhibits Na channels on neurons thus inhibiting depolarization and conduction of nerve impulses. Binds to prostaglandin E2 receptors to inhibit production of prostaglandins thus reduce fever, inflammation, and hyperalgesia

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11
Q

Carprofen MOA

A

NSAID: inhibits COX, relatively COX 1 sparing

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12
Q

Chlorambucil MOA

A

Cytotoxic agent: nitrogen mustard

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13
Q

Ciclesonide MOA

A

Affinity for glucocorticoid receptor that has anti-inflammatory activity

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14
Q

Cisapride MOA

A

Increase GI motility: Agonist for 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT4) recetors on myenteric neurons, antagonist for 5-HT3 receptor, thus enhanses the release of acetylcholine at the myenteric plexus thereby increasing motility of the stomach, SI, and colon.

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15
Q

Cloprostenol MOA

A

Synthetic prostaglandin (PGF2-alpha) provides PGF2 alpha effects. Direct luteolytic action on CL. In non-cycling cows induces etrus in 2-5 days. Terminates pregnancy. Resolution of pyometra, mummified fetus, or luteal cyst.

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16
Q

Cyclophosphamide MOA

A

Cytotoxic and anticancer agent. Nitrogen mustards that alkylate various macromolecules (guanine of DNA), toxic to rapidly proliferating cells

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17
Q

Cyclosporine MOA

A

Binds to receptor on calcineurin and inhibits the t cell receptor activated signal transduction pathway. Blocks cytokines (IL 2) and block proliferation of activated T lymphocytes

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18
Q

Cyproheptadine MOA

A

Antiserotonin properties that alter serotonin activity in appetite center.

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19
Q

Deracoxib MOA

A

NSAID: inhibits COX, relatively COX 1 sparing

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20
Q

Desoxycorticosterone pivalate MOA

A

Mineralocorticoid without glucocorticoid activity, mimics the effects of aldosterone by retaining Na.

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21
Q

Dexamethasone MOA

A

Corticosteroid that inhibits inflammatory cells, suppresses expression of inflammatory mediators. Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive. Glucocorticoid effects.

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22
Q

Diazepam MOA

A

Potentiation of GABA-receptor-mediated effects in CNS.

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23
Q

Diclofenac MOA

A

NSAID: inhibits COX thus inhibiting prostaglanding formation

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24
Q

Dinoprost MOA

A

Synthetic prostaglandin (PGF2-alpha) provides PGF2 alpha effects. Direct luteolytic action on CL. In non-cycling cows induces etrus in 2-5 days. Terminates pregnancy. Resolution of pyometra, mummified fetus, or luteal cyst.

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25
Q

Diphenhydramine MOA

A

Antihistamine: blocks H1 receptor and suppresses inflammation caused by histamine.Antiemetic: block histamine in vomiting control centers.

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26
Q

Diphenoxylate MOA

A

Binds to mu-opiate receptors to stimulate smooth muscle segmentation, decrease peristalsis, enhance fluid and electrolyte.

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27
Q

eCG MOA

A

Mare: LH like action causing ovulation/luteinization of follicles. All other animals: FSH like action.

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28
Q

Erythromycin MOA

A

GI motility: stimulation of motilin receptors. Antibiotics: binds 50S ribosome in bacteria to inhibit protein synthesis. Spectrum: gram positive aerobic bacteria and mycoplasma. Cattle: Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica, Histophilus somni.

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29
Q

Etodolac MOA

A

NSAID: inhibits COX, relatively COX 1 sparing in horses but not in dogs

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30
Q

Famotidine MOA

A

Antiulcer agent; inhibit histamine on H2 receptors of parietal cells, inhibits gastric parietal cell thus dec gastric acid secretion thus increases stomach pH.

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31
Q

Finasteride MOA

A

Synthetic steroid type II 5 alpha reductase inhibitor. Inhibits conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone.

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32
Q

Firocoxib MOA

A

NSAID: inhibits COX, relatively COX 1 sparing

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33
Q

Flumethasone MOA

A

Potent glucocorticoid that inhibits inflammatory cells, suppresses expression of inflammatory mediators. Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive.

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34
Q

Flunixin MOA

A

NSAID: inhibits COX thus inhibiting prostaglanding formation

35
Q

Flurbiprofen MOA

A

NSAID: inhibits COX thus inhibiting prostaglanding formation

36
Q

Fluticasone MOA

A

Glucocorticoids that inhibit gene transcription for production of mediators involved in airway inflammation as well as prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and platelet activtating factors.Enhance action of adrenergic agonists on beta 2 receptors

37
Q

FSH MOA

A

Follicular growth and stimulates OV.

38
Q

Gonadorelin MOA

A

Stimulates the release of LH to cause OV and luteinization.

39
Q

hCG MOA

A

Induces luteinization in animals to stimulate ovulation.

40
Q

Hydrocortisone MOA

A

Glucocorticoid with weak anti-inflammatory effect and greater mineralocorticoid effect. Inhibits inflammatory cells, suppresses expression of inflammatory mediators. Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive.

41
Q

Hydrocortisone MOA

A

Glucocorticoid: Inhibition of inflammatory cells and supress the gene expression of inflammatory mediators

42
Q

Ibuprofen MOA

A

NSAID: inhibits COX thus inhibiting prostaglanding formation

43
Q

Insulin MOA

A

Replace deficient insulin

44
Q

isoflupredone MOA

A

Corticosteroid with gluco- and mineralocorticoid effects. Inhibits inflammatory cells, suppresses expression of inflammatory mediators. Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive.

45
Q

Ketoprofen MOA

A

NSAID: inhibits COX thus inhibiting prostaglanding formation

46
Q

Lidocaine MOA

A

Increase GI motility: suppression of painful stimuli, anti-inflammatory effects on neutrophils. Local anesthetic: inhibits nerve conduction by blocking the Na channel

47
Q

Loperamide MOA

A

Binds to mu-opiate receptors to stimulate smooth muscle segmentation, decrease peristalsis, enhance fluid and electrolyte, antisecretory, increase tone of GI sphincters.

48
Q

Maropitant MOA

A

Antiemetic for central and peripheral sources: blocks neurokinin-1 receptor in the emetic center.

49
Q

Megestrol MOA

A

Progestin hormone mimics the effects of progesterone. It feeds back on the pituitary to inhibit LH thus stopping maturation of follicles and ovulation.

50
Q

Melengesterol MOA

A

Progestin hormone mimics the effects of progesterone. It feeds back on the pituitary to inhibit LH thus stopping maturation of follicles and ovulation.

51
Q

Meloxicam MOA

A

NSAID: inhibits COX, relatively COX 1 sparing

52
Q

Mepivacaine MOA

A

Antagonist of Na channels in nerves thus inhibiting neural conduction

53
Q

Methimazole MOA

A

Antithyroid drug serves as a substrate for thyroid peroxidase to inhibit it and decrease incorporation of iodide into T4 and T3. Also inhibits coupling of residues to T4 and T3.

54
Q

Methylprednisolone MOA

A

Corticosteroid with glucocorticoid effects. Inhibits inflammatory cells, suppresses expression of inflammatory mediators. Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive.

55
Q

Metoclopramide MOA

A

Antiemetic: stimulates motility of upper GI by stimulating 5-HT4 (serotonin) receptors, increase release of ACh in GI tract, anti-dopamine inhibits gastric relaxation

56
Q

Misoprostol MOA

A

Synthetic analogue of PGE1 causing a cytoprotective effect on GI mucosa thus decreasing the damage to GI mucosa by NSAIDs.Anti-inflammatory effects.

57
Q

Mitotane MOA

A

Cytotoxic agent that binds to adrenal proteins is converted to a reactive metabolite then destroys the cells of the zona fasciculata and reticularis of adrenal cortex.

58
Q

Mycophenolate MOA

A

Inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase which is used for gene creation

59
Q

Naproxen MOA

A

NSAID: inhibits COX thus inhibiting prostaglanding formation

60
Q

N-butylscopolammonium bromide MOA

A

Blocks cholinergic receptort decreasing parasympathetic actions. Antispasmotic, antimuscarinic, anticholinergic. Inhibits secretions and motility of GI.

61
Q

Neostigmine MOA

A

Cholinesterase inhibitor.

62
Q

Oclacitinib MOA

A

Inhibits a variety of pruritogenic cytokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines and cytokinse (JAK1 or JAK3 dependent) and involved in allergies.

63
Q

Omeprazole MOA

A

Antiulcer: Increases stomach pH by inhibiting gastric acid secretion by inhibiting K+/H+ pump.

64
Q

Ondansetron MOA

A

Antiemetic: inhibits serotonin type 3 receptors (5-HT3),

65
Q

Oxytocin MOA

A

Stimulates oxytocin receptors to stimulate uterine muscle contractions. When admin near luteolysis it stimulates PGF2 alpha secretions and disrupts luteolysis.

66
Q

Pergolide MOA

A

Dopamin agonist that stimulates postsynaptic dopamine receptors (D1, D2). Dopamine then antagonises ACTH release which helps Cushing’s dz expessially in horses.

67
Q

Phenylbutazone MOA

A

NSAID: inhibits COX thus inhibiting prostaglanding formation

68
Q

Physostigmine MOA

A

Cholinesterase inhibitor. Crosses the blood brain barrier.

69
Q

Piroxicam MOA

A

NSAID: inhibits COX, relatively COX 1 sparing

70
Q

Prednisolone MOA

A

Corticosteroid with glucocorticoid effects. Inhibits inflammatory cells, suppresses expression of inflammatory mediators. Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive.

71
Q

Prednisone MOA

A

Corticosteroid with glucocorticoid effects. Inhibits inflammatory cells, suppresses expression of inflammatory mediators. Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive.

72
Q

Progesterone CIDR MOA

A

Synthetic progesterone removal results in predictable return to estrus

73
Q

Proparacaine MOA

A

Antagonist of Na channels in nerves thus inhibiting neural conduction

74
Q

Pyridostigmine MOA

A

Cholinesterase inhibitor.

75
Q

Ranitidine MOA

A

Increase GI motility: Anticholinesterase. Increase stomach pH: Antagonist of H2 in gastric parietal cell.

76
Q

Robenacoxib MOA

A

NSAID: inhibits COX, relatively COX 1 sparing

77
Q

Sucralfate MOA

A

Antiulcer: Gastric mucosa protectant: forms sucrose octasulfate and aluminum hydroxide in the stomach which binds to the damaged mucosa.

78
Q

Tacrolimus MOA

A

Binds to intracellular receptor and to calcineurin and inhibits that pathway to prevent stimulation of the nuclear factor (NFAT transcription factor for IL 2)

79
Q

Thyroxine MOA

A

Replace deficiency in thyroid

80
Q

Tramadol MOA

A

Some mu-opioid receptor action, inhibits reuptake norepinephrine and serotonin 5 HT thus effects alpha 2 adrenergic receptors in pain paths

81
Q

Triamcinolone MOA

A

glucocorticoid. Anti inflammator via inhibition of inflammatory cells and suppression of DNA expression of inflammatory mediators.

82
Q

Triamcinolone MOA

A

Corticosteroid with glucocorticoid effects. Inhibits inflammatory cells, suppresses expression of inflammatory mediators. Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive.

83
Q

Trilostane MOA

A

Inhibits synthesis of cortisol in dogs. Inhibits 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenate thus interferring with cortisol secretion from adrenal cortex. Used for pituitary dependent hyperadrenocorticism in dogs.

Pharmacology (8 decks)

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