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VanPimping's Ortho lecture > Test 1 Material #3 > Flashcards

Test 1 Material #3 Flashcards

1
Q

_____ is an overstretching or overexertion of some part of the musculature including the tendon.

A

Strain

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2
Q

Clinical features of a strain include: (3)

A
  • Pain on contraction
  • Pain on active motion (muscle contracts and joint moves)
  • Pain on resisted motion.
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3
Q

______ is an overstretching or rupture of ligamentous tissue

A

sprain

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4
Q

Clinical features of a sprain include:

A

*Pain on active or passive motion (hence, any motion or a sprained joint will produce pain).

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5
Q

Resist or arrest an attempted motion (so that the muscle fibers contract, but the joint does not move), if pain occurs suspect _____. Passively move the same joint, if pain occurs suspect _____.

A

STRAIN, SPRAIN

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6
Q

The anatomical location is included in naming ______

A

bursitis

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7
Q

Capsulitis = Inflammation of a joint capsule. If characterized by adhesions, the term is _____

A

Adhesive Capsulitis

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8
Q

____ = Inflammatory hyperplasia (excessive formation) of fibrous tissue, particularly of the muscle sheaths and fascia layer

A

Fibrositis

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9
Q

If the hyperplasia condition is non-inflammatory, the correct term is _____.

A

Fibrosis

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10
Q 
Muscular Spasm = Involuntary contraction of muscle tissue which can be of two types:
\_\_\_\_\_ Spasm (persistent)
\_\_\_\_\_ Spasm (alternating)
A
  • Tonic

* Clonic

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11
Q

______ = Inflammation of voluntary muscle.

A

Myositis

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12
Q

_____ = Inflammation of a muscle and its fascia, particularly of its fascial insertion of muscle to bone.

A

Myofascitis

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13
Q

______ = Paroxysmal pain that runs along the course of one or more nerves.

A

Neuralgia

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14
Q

_____ = Inflammation of a nerve

A

Neuritis

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15
Q

Anesthesia and paresthesia, as well as paralysis, wasting and disappearance of the reflexes may also characterize the condition ______

A

neuritis

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16
Q

______ = A general term denoting a functional disturbance and/or pathological changes in the peripheral nervous system. This condition is non-inflammatory.

A

Neuropathy

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17
Q

Examples of neuropathy:

  • Demyelinization changes occurring with _____
  • Changes due to thiamin deficiency in chronic _____
  • Changes that occur along its course where its direction is abruptly changed as in ______
A

diabetes
alcoholism
carpal tunnel syndrome

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18
Q

____ = A burning, prickling sensation over the skin.

A

Paresthesia

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19
Q

______ = Inflammation of the root of a spinal nerve, especially of the portion of the root which lies between the spinal cord and the intervertebral canal.

A

Radiculitis

20
Q

_____ = inflammation of a synovial membrane. It is painful on motion, and may be attended by swelling. Often carries a qualifying term with it, such as rheumatic _____, urethral ______.

A

Synovitis

21
Q

______ = Inflammation of tendons or tendon-muscle attachments. This term generally refers to the shorter tendons that do not have a _____.

A

Tendinitis, synovial sheath

22
Q

_____ = This term usually refers to the longer tendons which have a sheath. It is assumed that the tendon and its sheath are inflamed.

A

Tenosynovitis

23
Q

_____ = Non-inflammatory degenerative joint disease occurring chiefly in older persons.

A

Osteoarthritis

24
Q

Osteoarthritis is characterized by: (3

A
  • Degeneration of the articular cartilage
  • Hypertrophy of the bone at the margins
  • Changes in the synovial membrane
25
Q

______ = Ankylosis of a vertebral joint, also, a general term for the degenerative changes that occur with degenerative joint disease, including spur formations that may press upon nerves that run into the arms or legs.

A

Spondylosis

26
Q

______ = A chronic, inflammatory, systemic disease of unknown etiology that begins with inflammatory changes of the synovial membrane, and then with articular structures, such as the articular cartilage, and then the bone itself. It may run a mild course, or may go and come, or may result in widespread crippling and deformity.

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis

27
Q

_____ = A form of rheumatoid arthritis that affects the spine. It is a systemic illness of unknown etiology that mostly strikes young males

A

Marie-Strumpell Spondylitis

28
Q

Marie-Strumpell Spondylitis begins with inflammation of the _____ joints and may spread to the intervertebral and _____ joints

A

sacroiliac, costrovertebral

29
Q

_____ = A loss of density of bone, seen most commonly in the elderly. It may result in deformities and pathological fractures.

A

Osteoporosis

30
Q

_____ = An asymmetrical development of the zygapophysis of the vertebra. One side may feature a saggital plane and the other a coronal plane.

A

Tropism

31
Q

______ = Anomalous fusion of the fifth lumbar vertebra to the sacrum.

A

Sacralization

32
Q

_____ = A developmental anomaly characterized by defective closure of the bony encasement of the spinal cord.

A

Spina Bifida

33
Q

In Spina Bifida, if the cord and meninges do not protrude, it is called _____. If the cord and meninges do protrude, it is called _____.

A

Spina Bifida Occulta, Spina Bifida Cystica

34
Q

______ joint, no movement
______ joint, slight movement
______ joint, freely movable

A

synarthrotic
amphiarthrotic
diarthrotic

35
Q

Syndesmosis

A

_____ = articulating bones united by dense fibrous tissue.

36
Q

_____ is a cone-shaped peg fits into a socket; articulating bones separated by periodontal ligament

A

Gomphosis

37
Q

With a _____ joint, the connecting material is hyaline

A

synchondrosis

38
Q

_____ joint, the articulating surfaces usually flat

A

gliding

39
Q

_____ joint, pool like surface fits into a concave surface.

A

Hinge

40
Q

_____ joint, rounded, pointed, or concave surface fits into a ring formed partly by bone and partly by a ligament.

A

Pivot

41
Q

_____ joint, oval-shaped condyle fits into an elliptical cavity.

A

Ellipsoidal

42
Q

saddle joint

A

biaxial

43
Q

ellipsoidal joint

A

biaxial

44
Q

hinge joint

A

monoaxial

45
Q

Gliding joint

A

nonaxial

46
Q

Ball and socket joint

A

Triaxial

VanPimping's Ortho lecture (11 decks)

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