Test 1 Diagnosis of SZ

Question 1

Criteria A

Answer 1

2+ of following sxs for 1month
1. Delusions
2. Hallucinations
3. Disorganized speech
4. Grossly disorganized/catatonic behavior
5. Negative sxs
**1, 2, OR 3 MUST BE PRESENT FOR DX TO BE MADE

Question 2

Criteria B

Answer 2

Social/Occupational Dysfunction
-> For significant portion of time, 1 or more major areas of functioning are affected.

Question 3

Criteria C

Answer 3

Duration
- Continuous signs of the disturbance persist for at least 6 mo
- May Include:
-> Prodromal, sx that appeared bf a full SZ episode
-> Residual, sx that lingers following the treatment or the peak of the episode

Question 4

Criteria D

Answer 4

Exclusion
-> Not due to another disorder or drug

Question 5

Positive SXS (4)

Answer 5

-Hallucinations
-Delusions
-Disorganized speech
-Disorganized behavior

Question 6

Hallucinations

Answer 6

Sensory perception in the absence of any external sensory stimulus
- Auditory
- Visual

Question 7

Delusions

Answer 7

False beliefs that are maintained even though they are out of touch with reality
3 types: Grandeur, Reference, Persecution

Question 8

Delusions of Grandeur

Answer 8

Ex.: Superpowers, Think they are Jesus or Celebrity, Think they have a personal relationship with famous person

Question 9

Delusions of Reference

Answer 9

False belief that random events or behaviors of others have a particular significance to oneself

Question 10

Delusions of Persecution

Answer 10

False notion that some person or agency is trying to harass, cheat, spy on, conspire against, kill them.

Question 11

Disorganized Speech (2)

Answer 11

• Correct words with Incorrect sentence: “Word Salads”
• Incoherent speech -> Random sentence in a dialogue

Question 12

Disorganized Behavior (Catatonia)
(4)

Answer 12

• Puts themselves into uncomfortable positions for hours
• Aimless motor activity
• Echolalia: Involuntary repetition of words they hear
• Echopraxia: Involuntary imitation of a gesture/movement that was seen

Question 13

Negative SXS (7)

Answer 13

• Affect Flattening
• Inappropriate Affect
• Alogia
• Avolition
• Anhedonia
• Distorted sense of time
• Lack of hygiene/grooming

Question 14

Affect Flattening

Answer 14

(Blunt Affect)
Severe reduction in emotional expressiveness
Ex.: monotone voice

Question 15

Inappropriate Affect

Answer 15

Display of emotions that do not match the situation

Question 16

Alogia

Answer 16

(Limited Speech)
Does not initiate conversation or speak much

Question 17

Avolition

Answer 17

(Lack of goal-directed activities)
Lack the Ability to initiate or complete behaviors
Usually routine ones

Question 18

Anhedonia

Answer 18

Inability to experience joy/pleasure
Ex.: Social withdrawal,
lack of physical activities

Question 19

Distorted sense of time

Answer 19

Time is perceived as passing very quickly of very slowly
Perception of past and future may be affected

Question 20

Lack of hygiene/grooming

Answer 20

Inability/Difficulty in maintaining clean and healthy personal care practices

Question 21

Hallucinations explanation

Answer 21

While Hearing voices;
Heighten activity in Broca’s area (speech) instead of Wernicke’s area (hearing)

Question 22

Men VS Women Prognosis

Answer 22

Men have it worse;
- DX younger due to younger age of onset (teens)
-> No degree/ed and no social support (strong relations)
Women better;
- DX older, onset in mid 20s / early 30s
-> Higher ed + employment and stronger support system

Question 23

Causes

Answer 23

Biochemical Factors and Stress Diathesis Model

Question 24

Biochemical Factors

Answer 24

Dopamine Theory - Increased Dopamine Receptors
Evidence: Drug targeting this area eliminates hallucinations and delusions

Question 25

Stress Diathesis Model

Answer 25

Genetic Predisposition to SZ + Stressful Environment = SZ
Stressful event:
- Family conflict
- Child abuse
- Early parental loss
- TBIs