Test 1 (Chapter FOUR) Terms

Question 1

LIghtweight magnetized strands of ribbon that make possible sound editing and multiple-track mixing; instrumentals or vocal s can be recoded at one location and later mixed onto a master recording in another studio

Answer 1

Audiotape

Question 2

The recording of two separate channels or tracks of sound

Answer 2

Stereo

Question 3

A recording that is made by capturing the fluctuations of the original sound waves and storing those signals on records or cassettes as a continuous stream of magnetism-analogous to the actual sound.

Answer 3

Analog recording

Question 4

Music recorded and played back by laser beam rather than by needle or magnetic tape.

Answer 4

digital recording

Question 5

Playback-only storage discs for music that incorporates pure and very precise digital techniques thus eliminating noise during recording and editing sessions.

Answer 5

compact discs

Question 6

Short for MPEG-1 Layer 3, an advanced type of audio compression that reduces file size, enabling audio to be easily distributed over the INternet and to be digitally transmitted in real time.

Answer 6

MP3

Question 7

Popular music that appeals either to a wide cross section of the public or to sizable subdivisions within the larger public based on age, region, or ethnic background; the word pop has also been used as a label to distinguish popular music from classical music.

Answer 7

Pop music

Question 8

an improvisational and mostly instrumental musical form that absorbs and integrates a diverse body of musical styles including African rhythms, blues, big band and gospel.

Answer 8

Jazz

Question 9

Songs recorded or performed by musicians who did not originally write or perform the music; in the 1950’s, some white producers and artists capitalized on popular songs by black artists by “covering” them.

Answer 9

Cover Music

Question 10

Music that merges the African American influences of urban blues, gospel and R&B with with the white influences of country, folk and pop vocals.

Answer 10

Rock and Roll

Question 11

Originally a a kind of black folk music, this music emerges as a distinct category in the early 1900s; it was influenced by African American spirituals, ballads and work songs in the rural South, and by urban guitar and vocal solos from the 1930s and 1940s

Answer 11

Blues

Question 12

Music that merges urban blues with big band sounds.

Answer 12

Rhythm and blues

Question 13

Music that mixes bluegrass and country influences with those of black folk music and early amplified blues.

Answer 13

rockabilly

Question 14

Music that mixes gospel, blues, and urban and southern black styles with slower, more emotional, and melancholic lyrics.

Answer 14

soul

Question 15

Music performed by untrained musicians and passed down through oral traditions; it encompasses a wide range of music from Appalachian fiddle tunes to the accordion-led zydeco of Louisiana

Answer 15

folk music

Question 16

Amplified folk music, often featuring politically overt lyrics; influenced by rock and roll.

Answer 16

folk-rock

Question 17

Rock Music that challenges the orthodoxy and commercialism of the recording business; it is characterized by loud, unpolished qualities, a jackhammer beat, primal vocal screams, crude aggressions, and defiant or comic lyrics.

Answer 17

punk-rock

Question 18

Rock music that takes the spirit of punk and infuses it with more attention to melody.

Answer 18

grunge

Question 19

Non-mainstream rock music, which includes many types of experimental music and some forms of punk and grunge.

Answer 19

alternative rock

Question 20

Music that combines spoken street dialect with cuts or samples from older records and bears the influences of social politics, male boasting and comic lyrics carried forward from blues, R&B, soul, and rock and roll

Answer 20

hip-hop

Question 21

A style of rap music that depicts the hardships of urban life and sometimes glorifies the violent style of street gangs

Answer 21

gangster rap

Question 22

In media economics, an organizational structure in which a few firms control most of an industry’s production and distribution resources.

Answer 22

oligopoly

Question 23

Talent scouts of the music business who discover, develop and sometimes manage performers.

Answer 23

A&R (Artist & Repertoire) Agents

Question 24

The illegal uploading, downloading, or streaming of copyrighted material, such as music or movies.

Answer 24

Online piracy

Question 25

Independent music and film production houses that work outside industry oligopolies; they often produce less mainstream music and film.

Answer 25

Indies