Test 1 Flashcards
database that stores radiologic images
PACS
picture archiving and communication system
position of the patient with the feet in stirrups; often used during delivery
lithotomy position
inside a cavity such as the abdomen or pelvis
endocavity
area of the transducer that comes in contact with the patient and which emits sound
transducer footprint
Area around the organ
adnexa
system designed either on pap er or computerized, to manage hospital data such as billing and patient records
hospital information system
nonpregnant
nongravid
condition where the umbilical cord becomes trapped between the presenting fetal part and the cervix
vasa previa
system designed either physical or electric to manage radiology data such as billing, reports and images
EMR
electronic medical records
top portion of the uterus
fundus
fluid within the abdominal or pelvic cavity
acites
the condition in which the placenta is implantation is low in the uterus and will deliver before the baby
placenta previa
around the vessels
perivascular
compression of the aorta and ivc by the gravid uterus resulting in symptoms of nausea hypotension, lightheadedness, and syncope
aortocaval compression syndrome
a list of images required to complete an exam
scanning protocol
within the vagina
transvaginal/ endovaginal
the biophysical result of the intersection of sound waves and tissue
bioeffects
pregnancy outside the uterus
ectopic pregnancy
imaging through the abdomen
transabdominal
electronic database containing all pt info
RIS
radiology info system
what hospital electronic systems are typically used prior to a pt exam?
HIS
RIS
EMR
MWL
pertinent clinic info for a pelvic exam may include
LMP regularity of menses gravidity parity symptoms pertinent medical and surgical hx
a pregnant woman who had a nonviable ectopic pregnancy and later gave birth to one set of twins would be considered
G3
a currently pregnant patient is classified as G3P1A1T2 would mean a women who has had
three pregnancies
one full term birth
one abortion
and two full term
an adequately filled bladder usually extends ___________ the fundus of a nongravid unterus
slightly beyond
a gynocelogic sonographic eval should include the following views
sag mid line uterus rt and lt parasagital images transverse uterus cervix vagina ovaries both adnexa and pathology
to visualize the internal os and cervix during a second trimester ultrasound the bladder should be
moderately full
aortocaval compression syndrone is relieved by
turning pt on their side and using a cold compress to the forehead or drinking cold water
obstetric transducer selection should be based on
pt body habitus
stage of pregnancy
examination objectives
the most appropriate transducer for an obese pt having a gynocologic exam would be
15 mhz
endovaginal transducers cannot be inserted past the area of
vaginal fornices
which position is used for endovaginal sonographic exams?
lithotomy
prior to an endovaginal u/s the transducer should be lubricated. which lube is best used for a pt being treated for infertility?
saline
sonographic contrast agents such as saline are used in gynecologic scanning to visualize the
endometrial cavity and the Fallopian tubes
2d serial scanning is also known as
3d imaging
the golden standard to certify a sonographer is?
ARDMS
high frequency transducers provide
better resolution
a full bladder is necessary for what exam?
transabdominal pelvic exam
an empty bladder is best for what kind of exam?
transvaginal pelvic exam
4d imaging uses what planes
x
y
z planes with dimension of time
G refers to what?
of previous pregnancies & includes current
parity refers to the number of pregnancy a woman has carried to
36 wks
ectopic pregancies are recorded as
abortions
a twin gestation would be recorded as
T2
lmp stands for
last menstral period
what size transducer would be more helpful during a late pregnancy exam?
7.5mhz
how is ALARA achieved in sonography?
decrease exam time
use lowest power level
appropriate transducer
how to use ALARA in the first trimester OB
do not use or spectral Doppler
before exam identify exam by
pt name and date of birth
LMP stands for
Last menstrual period
term that means Number of pregnancies
(G) gravida
term that means number of term pregnancies
(P) para
term that means number of live births
(T) term
term that means spontaneous and elective
(A) abortion
EDD stands for
estimated date of delivery
EDC stands for
estimated date of confinement
protocols provided by
AIUM, SDMS, ACR
American Institute of Ultrasound in medicine
gynecological abdominal imaging prep
32oz of water 1hr before
gynecological vaginal exam prep
empty bladder
aortocaval compression symptoms
weakness
sweatiness
fainting
transducer selection for a large pt?
3.5mhz or lower (increase penetration decrease detail)
transducer for a normal pt?
5.0mhz or higher
image optimization for any patient?
decreased depth
correct placement of focal zone
increase detail
potential hazards from u/s energy
heat and cavitation
no hazards found below
100mW/cm2 unfocused beam or 1W/cm2 in a focused beam
ARDMS atands for
American registry of diagnostic medical sonographers
saclaike vascular structure that lies below the chorion and develops from the hindgut
allantois
cavity that is part of the development of the digestive and reductive organs
cloaca
structures that appear about 5 weeks gestation and becomes either an ovary or testes
gonadal ridges
normal of paired chromosomes
diploid
second stage of kidney development (aka walffian body)
mesonephrons
connection between the mesonephros and the cloaca
mesonephric ducts
paired ducts that become oviducts, uterus, cervix, and upper vagina
mullarian ducts (paramesonephric ducts)
female germ cell
oocytes
immature oocytes
oogonia
precursor of germ cells become oocytes or spermatozoa in the adult
primordial germ cells
primary or first kidney which developes in the embryo
pronephrons
genitourinary means
denito- reproductive
urinary- kidney/bldder
where do the genitourinary cells arise from
mesoderm
anomalies that occur in the genitourinary system include
agenisis
duplication
obstruction
partial absence
most common lesion
renal and urinary
first signs of anomalies
abnormality of menstruation
abdominal mass on exam
ovum contributes ___ chromosomes plus the sex chromosome X
22
sperm contributes ________ chromosomes plus the sex chromosome Y
22
results of sperm and ovum chromosomes
diploid
how many chromosomes does a diploid have
46
XX =
female
XY=
Male
when do primordial germ cells develop?
in the third-fourth week post conception
primordial germs cells become _______ & ________ in the adult
oocytes or spermatozoa
during week 6 the primordial germ cells invade the
gonadal ridges
what is considered the dual duct system?
mesonepheric ducts
mullerian ducts
in the third month the _________ _______ disappears and the______ ______ form
midline septum
uterine corpus & cervix
as the ovary moves into place dorsal to the fallopian tube it causes a large transverse fold called the
broad ligament
continuous with posterosuperior layer of broad ligament
mesovarium
lies between the two layers of the broad ligament and connects the lower pole of the ovary with lateral uterine wall
the proper ligament of the ovary
for upper lateral corner of the broad ligament suspends ovary and fallopian tube
suspensory ligament
