Test 1

Question 1

Amenorrhea

Answer 1

Absence of menstrual flow

Question 2

Dysmenorrhea

Answer 2

Pain during or shortly before menstruation, more common in smokers and obese women.

Question 3

Where is dysmenorrhea pain usually located?

Answer 3

In the suprapubic area or lower abdomen, may radiate to lower back or upper thighs

Question 4

Primary dysmenorrhea

Answer 4

A condition associated with ovulatory cycles, has a biochemical basis and arises from the release of prostaglandins with menses, excessive release of prostaglandins increases the amplitude and frequency of uterine contractions causing vasospasm, not caused by an underlying pathology

Question 5

Secondary Dysmenorrhea

Answer 5

Menstrual pain that develops later in life than primary, typically after age 25, associated with pelvic pathology

Question 6

Secondary Dysmenorrhea pain

Answer 6

Dull, lower abdominal aching that radiates to the back or thighs, bloating or pelvic fullness

Question 7

PMS

Answer 7

Complex, poorly understood condition that includes one or more of a large number of physical and psychological symptoms beginning in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, occurring to such a degree that lifestyle or work is affected

Question 8

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)

Answer 8

More severe variance of PMS, the most common symptoms are those associated with mood disturbances

Question 9

Menopause

Answer 9

Average age is 51, treat with hormone replacement therapy

Question 10

Osteoporosis

Answer 10

Bone mass declines to such an extent that fractures occur with minimal trauma, placing women into long term care with the resulting loss of being independent, most women are unaware of having osteoporosis until they fracture the wrist or hip

Question 11

Endometriosis

Answer 11

Presence and growth of endometrial tissue outside of the uterus. Contain glands and stoma and responds to cyclic hormone stimulation, tissue grows during the proliferative and secretory phases of the cycle, may worsen with repeated cycles

Question 12

When does endometriosis usually develop?

Answer 12

3rd or 4th decades of life

Question 13

Symptoms of endometriosis

Answer 13

Pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia (painful intercourse), impaired fertility

Question 14

Treatment of endometriosis

Answer 14

OCPs: suppress pituitary gonadotropin secretion

Question 15

Oligomenorrhea

Answer 15

Infrequent menstruation

Question 16

Hypomenorrhea

Answer 16

Scanty at normal intervals

Question 17

Menorrhagia

Answer 17

Excessive bleeding

Question 18

Metrorrhagia

Answer 18

Bleeding in between periods

Question 19

Uterine Leiomyomas (Fibroids)

Answer 19

Benign tumors of the smooth muscle of the uterus with an unknown cause, occur in about 1/4 of women of reproductive age, more in african americans, common cause of menorrhagia

Question 20

Fibroadenoma

Answer 20

Most common benign neoplasm of the breast, unknown cause, women experience tenderness in the tumor during the menstrual cycle, do not increase in size in response to the menstrual cycle, increase in size during pregnancy and decrease as the woman ages

Question 21

Galactorrhea

Answer 21

Bilaterally spontaneous, milky, sticky discharge

Question 22

Mammary duct ectasia

Answer 22

Inflammation of ducts behind the nipple, most often in perimenopausal women, discharge is thick, sticky, white, brown, green, or purple. Women frequently experience a burning pain and itching or a palpable mass behind the nipple

Question 23

Intraductal Papilloma

Answer 23

Rare, benign condition that develops within the terminal nipple ducts, unknown cause, women ages 30-50, lesion too small to be palpated, characteristic sign is spontaneous, unilateral nipple discharge that is serous, serosanguinous, or bloody