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Question 1

Round ligament pain

Answer 1

The round ligament connects uterus to groin. As the baby grows, it stretches and can strain, causing normal pain

Question 2

What can you teach to help with round ligament pain?

Answer 2

Flex your hips, exercise, avoid sudden movements, stretch hips, take medicine, apply warmth

Question 3

4 phases of menstrual cycle

Answer 3

Menstrual, follicular, ovulation, luteal

Question 4

What is the hormone of pregnancy?

Answer 4

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Question 5

Functions of amniotic fluid

Answer 5

• Maintains constant body temp
• Cushions fetus
• Symmetric growth
• Movement for muscle development

Question 6

When does ovulation occur?

Answer 6

Day 14

Question 7

Causes of amenorrhea

Answer 7

• Pregnancy
• Medications
• Emotional stress
• Strenuous exercise
• Eating Disorder
• Drug abuse
• Endocrine disorder
• Problem in central hypothalamic-pituitary axis

Question 8

What is the difference between primary and secondary amenorrhea?

Answer 8

Primary is associated with ovulation and does not have underlying pathology. Secondary develops later in life and is associated with a pelvic patho

Question 9

S/S of menopause

Answer 9

Hot flashes, night sweats, painful intercourse bc dry vag, anxiety/irritability

Question 10

Risk factors for osteoporosis

Answer 10

• Increase in age
• Postmenopause without hormone replacement
• Small frame, thin bones
• Caucasian or asian
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Family hx
• Sedentary life
• Smoking/alcohol
• Less calcium and vit D
• Caffeine
• Eating disorder

Question 11

Mammary duct ectasia

Answer 11

-Inflammation of ducts behind nipple. Discharge is thick, sticky, white, brown, green , or purple. Burning pain and itching or a palpable mass behind nipple

Question 12

Intraductal papilloma

Answer 12

-Rare and benign condition developing within the terminal nipple ducts, unknown cause, lesion too small to be palpated

Question 13

Causes for male and female infertility

Answer 13

Male: hormone disorder, testicle factors, sperm transport

Female: ovarian, tubal/peritoneal, uterine, vaginal/cervical

Question 14

Treatments for infertility

Answer 14

Nonmed: life change, nutrition, alcohol and drug cessation, weight
Meds: Clomid, FSH, hCG, GnRH, progesterone
Surgical: removal of ovary tumor, hysterosalpingopraphy, fallopian tube repair

Question 15

Fertility awareness methods

Answer 15

Natural family planning, calendar rhythm method, standard days method, basal drop of body temp, cervical mucus ovulation detection method (mucus thin/stretchy)

Question 16

Cervical cap

Answer 16

• Must be fitted

- Angle of uterus, vag muscle tone, and shape of cervix is important for proper fit

Question 17

Transdermal contraceptive

Answer 17

Applied to lower abdomen, upper outer arm, buttocks, upper torso, not breasts, must be 198 pounds or less

Question 18

Contraceptive ring

Answer 18

A ring inserted into vagina to release hormones for three weeks, then taken out for a week

Question 19

Intrauterine device

Answer 19

“T-shaped” devices made of flexible plastic. A health care provider inserts an IUD into a woman’s uterus to prevent pregnancy.

Question 20

Reactive Nonstress Test

Answer 20

Indicates that blood flow and oxygen to the fetus is adequate

Question 21

Should fundal height equal weeks gestation?

Answer 21

Yes, in centimeters

Question 22

Why are pregnant pts at risk for DVTs?

Answer 22

• Inactivity or injury to veins after delivery
• Changes in hormones and blood
• Decreased blood flow, fetus pushes on veins

Question 23

BPP

Answer 23

Reliable predictor of fetal well-being, maybe considered a physical exam of fetus, including determination of vitals, used frequently in late 2nd and 3rd trimesters

Question 24

Components of a BPP

Answer 24

Fetal breathing movements, fetal tone, fetal HR pattern by means of a nonstress test, amniotic fluid index

Question 25

When is an amniocentesis performed and why?

Answer 25

After 14 weeks of pregnancy, to obtain amniotic fluid with contains fetal cells to assess pulmonary maturity or diagnose a fetal hemolytic dz

Question 26

When is a CVS performed and why?

Answer 26

Between 10 and 13 weeks, removes tissues form fetal portion of placenta to reflect genetic makeup of fetus

Question 27

When is a PUBS performed and why?

Answer 27

2nd and 3rd trimester, used for fetal blood sampling and transfusion to diagnose inherited blood disorder, infection, assess and treat isoimmunization and thrombocytopenia in fetus, karyotyping of malformed fetus

Question 28

What pts need a nonstress test?

Answer 28

Diabetes, HTN, IUGR, multiple gestation, oligohydramnios, renal dz, decreased fetal movement, previous fetal death, postterm pregnancy, lupus

Question 29

In what pts is a contraction stress test contraindicated?

Answer 29

Preterm labor, placenta previa, reduced cervical competence, multiple gestation, previous classical C-Section

Question 30

Mammary duct ectasia usually occurs in who?

Answer 30

Perimenopausal women

Question 31

Intraductal papilloma usually occurs in who?

Answer 31

Women ages 30-50

Question 32

Characteristic sign of inarticulate papilloma

Answer 32

Spontaneous, unilateral nipple discharge that is serous, serosanguinous, or bloody.

Question 33

Diaphragm

Answer 33

• Must be fitted for effectiveness and reevaluated annually

- Refitted after weight loss/gain, term birth, 2nd trimester AB, abdominal or pelvic surgery