Exam one Flashcards
First menstruation
Menarche
Average duration of menstrual flow
5 days
Average blood loss during menstruation
50 mL
What happens when fertilization and implantation don’t occur
Regression of the corpus luteum
When do estrogen levels drop
After ovulation
The growth and maturation of a mature egg
Follicular Phase
The rupture of a mature egg from the ovum
Ovulation
The egg ruptures in response to what?
A surge of luteinizing hormone
Begins at ovulation and lasts until the menstrual phase of the next cycle
Luteal phase
Corpus luteum
The shell that housed the mature eggs, secretes progesterone
Menstrual Phase
Initiated by periodic vasoconstriction in the upper layers of the endometrium, sheds the functional 2/3 of the endometrium
Proliferative Phase
A period of rapid growth lasting from about the 5th day to the time of ovulation, thickening occurs, depends on estrogen stimulation
Secretory Phase
From the day of ovulation to about 3 days before the next menstrual period, large amounts of progesterone and estrogen are produced, an edematous, vascular, functional endometrium is now apparent, suitable protective and nutritive bed for a fertilized ovum
Ischemic Phase
If fertilization and implantation do not occur, the corpus luteum, which secretes estrogen and progesterone, regresses. Decrease in estrogen and progesterone levels cause necrosis to develop, menstrual bleeding begins marking day 1 of the next cycle
Conception
The union of a single egg and sperm marks the beginning of a pregnancy, fertilization takes place in the ampulla of the fallopian tube
