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Third Semester (BSMT) > TERNAV2 (PRELIM) > Flashcards

TERNAV2 (PRELIM) Flashcards

1
Q

Any object that can be easily identified and is used as a reference point to determine your position

A

Landmark

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2
Q

Natural Landmark

A

mountains, coastlines , islands , etc

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3
Q

Landmark can be

A

Natural Landmark and Man made Landmarks

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4
Q

Man made Landmarks

A

lighthouses, bridges,towers, buildings

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5
Q

The objects, devices, or systems that is used by the mariner to navigate safely through the waterways

A

Aids to Navigation

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6
Q

It indicates the areas of potential hazards to navigation

A

Aids to Navigation

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7
Q

It indicates the safe waters and navigable channels

A

Aids to Navigation

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8
Q

It provides a reference point to assist the mariner to navigate safely.

A

Aids to Navigation

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9
Q

A structure that emits a light to serve as an aid to seafarers

A

Lighthouse

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10
Q

It marks dangerous coastlines, shallow waters, rocks, wrecks, and safe entries to harbors

A

Lighthouse

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11
Q

Floating devices that are anchored to the seabed or moored in place.

A

Buoys

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12
Q

It serves as a visual marker to indicate navigational hazards, and marks the safe and unsafe waters

A

Buoys

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13
Q

Types of Buoys

A

Lateral Buoy, Cardinal Buoy, Isolated Danger Buoy, Special Mark buoy, EMERGENCY WRECK MARKING BUOY, Daymarks,

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14
Q

buoys that indicates the edge of the channel

A

Lateral Buoy

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15
Q

Its is marked with a specific top mark, light signal, shape, and color

A

Lateral Buoy

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16
Q

buoy that indicates the position of a hazard and the direction of safe water

A

Cardinal Buoy

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17
Q

The direction of safe water is indicated by the cardinal direction( N, E , W, S ) relative to the mark.

A

Cardinal Buoy

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18
Q

buoy that indicates a navigational hazard and warns the vessel to keep away from the danger

A

Isolated Danger Buoy

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19
Q

It does not indicate the direction of safe waters

A

Isolated Danger Buoy

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20
Q

The top mark consists of two black spheres in a vertical line

A

Isolated Danger Buoy

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21
Q

It has an alternating horizontal black and red bands

A

Isolated Danger Buoy

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22
Q

Used to identify the areas with special features

A

Special Mark buoy

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23
Q

the nature of such areas can be found by consulting the charts or Sailing Directions

A

Special Mark buoy

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24
Q

may indicate spoil grounds, military exercise areas, recreational zones, boundaries of anchorage areas, cables and pipelines, Dead ends, mooring areas, protected areas, marine farms or aquaculture, oil wells,ODAS(Ocean Data Acquisition System) which gather information about wind speed, pressure, salinity and temperature

A

Special Mark buoy

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25
Q

It marks the position of a wreck or an unsurveyed danger

A

EMERGENCY WRECK MARKING BUOY

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26
Q

Unlike any other buoys, it is designed to provide a highly conspicuous visual and radio aid to navigation

A

EMERGENCY WRECK MARKING BUOY

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27
Q

fixed structure or buoy that has a distinctive color and pattern which provides a visual reference during hours of daylight

A

Daymarks

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28
Q

It is often positioned near navigational hazards or on land

A

Daymarks

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29
Q

A conspicuous device designed to attract attention to a specific location that can be used to navigate safely.

A

Beacons

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30
Q

They are commonly used in conjunction with other aids to navigation, such as buoys or daymarks.

A

Beacons

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31
Q

When interrogated by a radar, it automatically returns a distinctive signal

A

Beacons

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32
Q

is the determination of position by advancing a known position for courses and distances

A

Dead Reckoning

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33
Q

the method used to forecast where the vessel will be, knowing the true course and speed alone

A

Dead Reckoning

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34
Q

The position determined is called a

A

DR position.

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35
Q

From a known position, it is the line along which a vessel is steered

A

Course

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36
Q

It is indicated by a circle around a dot, with a time notation

A

Fix

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37
Q

A position obtained by crossing 2 or more LOPs ( Line of Position)

A

Fix

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38
Q

Factors to consider when plotting a DR

A
  • Course* Speed* Time* Distance
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39
Q

A DR shall be plotted every

A
  • Once an hour, on the hour* At every course (and/or speed) change* Any time a line of position is established* At every fix the DR plot should be reset, and a new DR plot begun
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40
Q

DR positions are always

A

estimates

41
Q

Keep in mind that there are _ that you need to consider in determining the vessel’s position overtime.

A

external factors

42
Q

external factors

A
  • Wind* Currents* Tides
43
Q

can affect the vessel’s drift, causing it to deviate from its intended course to steer

A

Strong winds and ocean currents

44
Q

can have an impact on the vessel’s speed and direction

A

Change in the height of tide

45
Q

requires adjustments in navigation to determine the vessel’s position accurately

A

external factors

46
Q

It is the speed relative to the water or how fast the vessel is moving through the water

A

Speed Through the Water

47
Q

The vessel’s speed REGARDLESS of the external factors

A

Speed Through the Water

48
Q

It is the speed relative to the ground

A

Speed Over Ground

49
Q

The vessel’s speed CONSIDERING the external factors

A

Speed Over Ground

50
Q

ALWAYS USE _ FOR COLLISION AVOIDANCE

A

STW (SPEED THROUGH THE WATER)

51
Q

The direction in which a vessel is heading relative to the water.*

A

Course Through the Water

52
Q

The direction on which the vessel’s bow is pointing, REGARDLESS of the external factors

A

Course Through the Water

53
Q

The direction in which a vessel is actually moving, relative to the ground.

A

Course Over Ground

54
Q

It takes into account not only the heading, but also the external factors

A

Course Over Ground

55
Q

It measures the vessel’s actual track.

A

Course Over Ground

56
Q

The Earth when cut up horizontally at the middle would give rise to a

A

circle of diameter equal to that of the Earth itself (assuming that the Earth were a sphere).

57
Q

The Earth if cut up anywhere else horizontally would produce

A

circles which were smaller in diameter than the central circle

58
Q

are circles on a sphere whose plane passes through the centre of the sphere

A

Great Circles

59
Q

The vertical Great Circles are called the

A

circles of Longitude, or more correctly they are termed the meridians of Longitude

60
Q

The vertical circles are thus

A

not parallel to each other.

61
Q

is the angular distance from the equator, measured northward or southward at the poles.at the equator to 90°along a meridian from 0°

A

Latitude

62
Q

between two places on the same side of the equator is half the sum of their latitudes

A

middle or mid-latitude (midLat.)

63
Q

is labeled N or S to indicate whether it is north or south of the equator.

A

Mid-latitude

64
Q

the latitude of the point of departure

A

Lat1

65
Q

the latitude of the point of arrival

A

Lat2

66
Q

the latitude of the vertex of a great circle or the limiting latitude in a composite great circle.

A

Latv

67
Q

the latitude of any point on a great circle

A

Latx

68
Q

is the angular distance between the prime meridian and the meridian of a point on the earth, measured eastward or westward from the prime meridian through 180°.

A

Longitude (Long.)

69
Q

It is designated east (E) or west (W) to indicate the direction of measurement

A

Longitude (Long.)

70
Q

the longitude of the point of departure

A

Long 1

71
Q

the longitude of the point of arrival

A

Long 2

72
Q

the longitude of the vertex of a great circle

A

Long v

73
Q

the longitude of any on a great circle

A

Long x

74
Q

The meridian of London at Greenwich

A

Prime meridian

75
Q

This is the reference point for all astronomical and time calculations

A

Prime meridian

76
Q

has a longitude of 0° and the meridians eastward to it are given a designation of EAST and all meridians west of the prime are designated as WEST

A

Prime meridian

77
Q

between two places is the angular length of arc of any meridian between their parallels

A

difference of latitude (DLat.)

78
Q

It is the _ of the latitudes if the places are on the same side of the equator

A

numerical difference

79
Q

It is the _ of the latitudes if the places are on opposite sides of the equator

A

sum

80
Q

between two places is the shorter arc of the parallel or the smaller angle at the pole between the meridians of the two places.

A

difference of longitude (DLong)

81
Q

The distance between two meridians at any parallel of latitude, expressed in distance units, usually nautical miles, is called

A

departure

82
Q

The length of the arc of a meridian between the equator and a given parallel on a mercator chart, expressed in units of 1 minute of longitude at the equator

A

Meridional parts (MP)

83
Q

the meridional parts of the point of departure

A

MP1

84
Q

the meridional parts of the point of arrival

A

MP2

85
Q

This difference is found by subtraction if the two parallels that are on the same side of the equator and by addition if on opposite sides.

A

Difference of Meridional Parts (DMP)

86
Q

Also referred to as meridional difference

A

Difference of Meridional Parts (DMP)

87
Q

The length of a line joining two places or positions on the surface of the earth, expressed in nautical miles

A

Distance (Dist)

88
Q

The angular direction measured clockwise or counterclockwise from 000° through 090° or 180°

A

Course Angle (C)

89
Q

The reference direction (north or south) will be the

A

prefix

90
Q

the direction of measurement (east or west) will be the

A

suffix

91
Q

Is the intersection of the surface of a sphere and a plane through the center of the sphere

A

Great Circle

92
Q

It is the largest circle that can be drawn on the surface of the sphere and is the shortest distance, along the surface, between any two points on the sphere

A

Great Circle

93
Q

The point of greatest latitude on a great circle is called the.

A

vertex

94
Q

The arc of the great circle between the points of departure and arrival

A

Great Circle Track

95
Q

the most commonly used map projections, particularly for navigation purposes

A

Mercator Chart

96
Q

It is useful for navigation because it allows for easy plotting of a course using a straight line on the map that corresponds to a constant compass bearing

A

Mercator Chart

97
Q

When using Mercator Charts, you have to consider the _ as you move away from the equator, towards the poles

A

distortion

98
Q

is a type of map projection where all great circles are represented as straight lines

A

Gnomonic Chart* Also known as a gnomonic projection

99
Q
A

Third Semester (BSMT) (15 decks)

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