COLREG (PRELIM) Flashcards
ARTICLE I
General Obligations
ARTICLE II
Signature, Ratification, Acceptance, Approval and Accession
ARTICLE III
Territorial Application
ARTICLE IV
Entry into Force
ARTICLE V
Revision Conference
ARTICLE VI
Amendments to the Regulations
ARTICLE VII
Denunciation
ARTICLE VIII
Deposit and Registration
ARTICLE IX
Languages
Nothing in these Rules shall interfere with the operation of special rules made by
an appropriate authority for roadsteads, harbours, rivers, lakes or inland waterways
connected with the high seas and navigable by seagoing vessels. Such special rules
shall conform as closely as possible to these Rules.
PART A - GENERAL
Rule 1
Application
These Rules shall apply to all vessels upon the high seas and in all waters
connected there with navigable by seagoing vessels.
PART A - GENERAL
Rule 1
Application
Nothing in these Rules shall interfere with the operation of any special rules made
by the Government of any State with respect to additional station or signal lights,
shapes or whistle signals for ships of war and vessels proceeding under convoy, or
with respect to additional station or signal lights or shapes for fishing vessels engaged
in fishing as a fleet. These additional station or signal lights, shapes or whistle signals
shall, so far as possible, be such that they cannot be mistaken for any light, shapes or
signal authorized elsewhere under these Rules.
PART A - GENERAL
Rule 1
Application
Traffic separation schemes may be adopted by the Organization for the purpose of
these Rules.
PART A - GENERAL
Rule 1
Application
Whenever the Government concerned shall have determined that a vessel of
special construction or purpose cannot comply fully with the provisions of any of these
Rules with respect to the number, position, range or arc of visibility of lights or
shapes, as well as to the disposition and characteristics of sound-signalling appliances,
such vessel shall comply with such other provisions in regard to the number, position,
range or arc of visibility of lights or shapes, as well as to the disposition and
characteristics of sound-signalling appliances, as her Government shall have
determined to be the closest possible compliance with these Rules in respect to that
vessel.
PART A - GENERAL
Rule 1
Application
Nothing in these Rules shall exonerate any vessel, or the owner, master or crew
thereof, from the consequences of any neglect to comply with these Rules or of the
neglect of any precaution which may be required by the ordinary practice of seamen,
or by the special circumstances of the case.
Rule 2
Responsibility
In construing and complying with these Rules due regard shall be had to all
dangers of navigation and collision and to any special circumstances, including the
limitations of the vessels involved, which may make a departure from these Rules
necessary to avoid immediate danger.
Rule 2
Responsibility
(A amended paragraph (a) and a new paragraph (m) shall enter into force on _, as amended by Resolution A.919(22))
29 November 2003
includes every description of water craft, including nondisplacement craft, WIG craft and seaplanes, used or capable of being used as a
means of transportation on water’.
‘vessel
means any vessel propelled by machinery.
power-driven vessel’
means any vessel under sail provided that propelling
machinery, if fitted, is not being used.
‘sailing vessel’
means any vessel fishing with nets, lines,
trawls or other fishing apparatus which restrict manoeuvrability, but does not include
a vessel fishing with trolling lines or other fishing apparatus which do not restrict
manoeuvrability.
‘vessel engaged in fishing’
includes any aircraft designed to manoeuvre on the water.
‘seaplane’
means a vessel which through some
exceptional circumstance is unable to manoeuvre as required by these Rules and is
therefore unable to keep out of the way of another vessel.
‘vessel not under command’
means a vessel which from
the nature of her work is restricted in her ability to manoeuvre as required by these
Rules and therefore is unable to keep out of the way of another vessel.
‘vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre’
The term ‘vessels restricted in their ability to manoeuvre’ shall include but not be
limited to;
(i) a vessel engaged in laying, servicing or picking up a navigation mark,
submarine cable or pipeline;
(ii) a vessel engaged in dredging, surveying or underwater operations;
(iii) a vessel engaged in replenishment or transferring persons, provisions or
cargo while underway;
(iv) a vessel engaged in the launching or recovery of aircraft;
(v) a vessel engaged in mineclearance operations;
(vi) a vessel engaged in a towing operation such as severely restricts the towing
vessel and her tow in their ability to deviate from their course.
’ means a power-driven vessel which
because of her draught in relation to the available depth and width of navigable water,
is severely restricted in her ability to deviate from the course she is following.
‘vessel constrained by her draught
means that a vessel is not at anchor, or made fast to the
shore, or aground.
‘underway’
’ of a vessel mean her length overall and greatest
breadth.
‘length’ and ‘breadth
Vessels _ to be in sight of one another only when one can be
observed visually from the other
shall be deemed
means any condition in which visibility is restricted by
fog, mist, falling snow, heavy rainstorms, sandstorms or any other similar causes.
‘restricted visibility’
means a multimodal craft which, in its
main operational mode, flies in close proximity to the surface by utilizing surface effect action.
‘Wing-In-Ground (WIG) craft’
Rules in this Section apply in any condition of visibility
PART B - STEERING AND SAILING RULES
SECTION I-CONDUCT OF VESSELS IN ANY CONDITION OF
VISIBILITY
Rule 4
Application
Every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper look-out by sight and hearing as well as by all
available means appropriate in the prevailing circumstances and conditions so as to make a full
appraisal of the situation and of the risk of collision.
Rule 5
Look-out
Every vessel shall at all times proceed at a _so that she can take proper and effective action
to avoid collision and be stopped within a distance appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and
conditions.
Rule 6
Safe Speed
In determining a safe speed the following factors shall be among those taken into
account:
(a) By all vessels:
(i) the state of visibility;
(ii) the traffic density including concentrations of fishing vessels or any other vessels;
(iii) the manoeuvrability of the vessel with special reference to stopping distance and turning
ability in the prevailing conditions;
(iv) at night the presence of background light such as from shore lights or from back scatter
of her own lights;
(v) the state of wind, sea and current, and the proximity of navigational hazards;
(vi) the draught in relation to the available depth of water.
In determining a safe speed the following factors shall be among those taken into
account: (b) Additionally, by vessels with operational radar:
(i) the characteristics, efficiency and limitations of the radar equipment;
(ii) any constraints imposed by the radar range scale in use;
(iii) the effect on radar detection of the sea state, weather and other sources of interference;
(iv) the possibility that small vessels, ice and other floating objects may not be detected by
radar at an adequate range;
(v) the number, location and movement of vessels detected by radar;
(vi) the more exact assessment of the visibility that may be possible when radar is used to
determine the range of vessels or other objects in the vicinity.
Every vessel shall use all available means appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and
conditions to determine if risk of collision exists. If there is any doubt such risk shall be deemed to
exist.
Rule 7
Risk of Collision
Proper use shall be made of radar equipment if fitted and operational, including long-range
scanning to obtain early warning of risk of collision and radar plotting or equivalent systematic
observation of detected objects.
Rule 7
Risk of Collision
Assumptions shall not be made on the basis of scanty information, especially scanty radar
information.
Rule 7
Risk of Collision
In determining if risk of collision exists the following considerations shall be among those taken
into account:
(i) Such risk shall be deemed to exist if the compass bearing of an approaching vessel does
not appreciably change;
(ii) such risk may sometimes exist even when an appreciable bearing change is evident,
particularly when approaching a very large vessel or a tow or when approaching a vessel
at close range.
Any action to avoid collision shall be taken in accordance with the Rules of this Part and shall, if
the circumstances of the case admit, be positive, made in ample time and with due regard to the
observance of good seamanship.
Rule 8
Action to avoid Collision
Any alteration of course and/or speed to avoid collision, shall, if the circumstances of the case
admit, be large enough to be readily apparent to another vessel observing visually or by radar; a
succession of small alterations of course and/or speed should be avoided.
Rule 8
Action to avoid Collision
) If there is sufficient sea room, alteration of course alone may be the most effective action to avoid
a close-quarters situation provided that it is made in good time, is substantial and does not result in
another close-quarters situation.
Rule 8
Action to avoid Collision
) Action taken to avoid collision with another vessel shall be such as to result in passing at a safe
distance. The effectiveness of the action shall be carefully checked until the other vessel is finally
past and clear.
Rule 8
Action to avoid Collision
If necessary to avoid collision or allow more to assess the situation, a vessel shall slacken her
speed or take all way off by stopping or reversing her means of propulsion
Rule 8
Action to avoid Collision
Rule 8
Action to avoid Collision
(i) A vessel which, by any of these Rules, is required not to impede the passage or safe
passage of another vessel shall, when required by the circumstances of the case, take
early action to allow sufficient sea room for the safe passage of the other vessel.
(ii) A vessel required not to impede the passage or safe passage of another vessel is not
relieved of this obligation if approaching the other vessel so as to involve risk of collision
and shall, when taking action, have full regard to the action which may be required by
the Rules of this part.
(iii) A vessel the passage of which is not to be impeded remains fully obliged to comply with
the rules of this part when the two vessels are approaching one another so as to involve
risk of collision.
) A vessel proceeding along the course of a narrow channel or fairway shall keep as near to the
outer limit of the channel or fairway which lies on her starboard side as is safe and practicable.
A vessel of _ in length or a sailing vessel shall not impede the passage of a
vessel which can safely navigate only within a narrow channel or fairway.
Rule 9
Narrow Channels (less than 20 metres)
A vessel engaged in
_ shall not impede the passage of any other vessel navigating within a
narrow channel or fairway.
Rule 9
Narrow Channels (fishing)
A vessel shall not cross a narrow channel or fairway if such crossing impedes the passage of a
vessel which can safely navigate only within such channel or fairway. The latter vessel may use the
sound signal prescribed in Rule 34(d) if in doubt as to the intention of the crossing vessel.
Rule 9
Narrow Channels
Rule 9
Narrow Channels
(i) In a narrow channel or fairway when overtaking can take place only if the vessel to be
overtaken has to take action to permit safe passing, the vessel intending to overtake
shall indicate her intention by sounding the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule
34(c)(i). The vessel to be overtaken shall, if in agreement, sound the appropriate signal
prescribed in Rule 34(c)(ii) and take steps to permit safe passing. If in doubt she may
sound the signals prescribed in Rule 34(d).
(ii) This Rule does not relieve the overtaking vessel of her obligation under Rule 13.
(f) A vessel nearing a bend or an area of a narrow channel or fairway where other vessels
may be obscured by an intervening obstruction shall navigate with particular alertness
and caution and shall sound the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule 34(e).
Any vessel shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, avoid _
anchoring in a narrow channel.
This Rule Applies to _ adopted by the Organization and does not relieve
any vessel of her obligation under any other rule.
Rule 10
Traffic Separation Schemes
A vessel shall so far as practicable _
avoid crossing traffic lanes, but if obliged to do so shall cross on
a heading as nearly as practicable at right angles to the general direction of traffic flow.
A vessel using a traffic separation scheme shall:
(i) proceed in the appropriate traffic lane in the general direction of traffic flow for that
lane;
(ii) so far as practicable keep clear of a traffic separation line or separation zone;
(iii) normally join or leave a traffic lane at the termination of the lane, but when joining or
leaving from either side shall do so at as small an angle to the general direction of traffic
flow as practicable.
A vessel shall not use an _within the adjacent traffic separation scheme.
inshore traffic zone when she can safely use the appropriate
traffic lane
may use the inshore traffic
zone.
vessels of less than 20
meters in length, sailing vessels and vessels engaged in fishing
a vessel may use an inshore traffic zone when _
en
route to or from a port, offshore installation or structure, pilot station or any other place
situated within the inshore traffic zone, or to avoid immediate danger.
A vessel, other than a crossing vessel, or a vessel joining or leaving a lane shall not normally enter
a separation zone or cross a separation line except:
(i) in cases of emergency to avoid immediate danger;
(ii) to engage in fishing within a separation zone.
A vessel navigating in areas near the terminations of traffic separation schemes shall do so with
particular caution
A vessel shall so far as practicable avoid
anchoring in a traffic separation scheme or in areas near
its terminations.
A vessel not using a traffic separation scheme shall
avoid it by as wide a margin as is practicable
A vessel engaged in fishing shall
not impede the passage of any vessel following a traffic lane.
A vessel of less than 20 meters in length or a sailing vessel shall
not impede the safe passage of a
power-driven vessel following a traffic lane.
A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre when engaged in an operation for the maintenance
of safety of navigation in a traffic separation scheme is
exempted from complying with this Rule to
the extent necessary to carry out the operation.
vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre when engaged in an operation for the laying,
servicing or picking up of a submarine cable, within a traffic separation scheme, is exempted from
complying with this Rule to the extent necessary to carry out the operation.
Rules in this Section apply to vessels in sight of one another
SECTION II CONDUCT OF VESSELS IN SIGHT OF ONE ANOTHER
Rule 11
Application
(a) When two sailing vessels are approaching one another, so as to involve risk of collision, one of
them shall _
Rule 12
Sailing Vessels. keep out of the way of the other as follows;
when each has the wind on a different side, the vessel which has the
wind on the port
side shall keep out of the way of the other;
when both have the wind on the same side, the vessel which is
to windward shall keep
out of the way of the vessel which is to leeward;
if a vessel with the wind on the port side sees a vessel to windward and cannot
determine with certainty whether the other vessel has the wind on the port or on the
starboard side,
she shall keep out of the way of the other.
For the purposes of this Rule the _ shall be deemed to be the side opposite to that
on which the mainsail is carried or, in the case of a square-rigged vessel, the side opposite to that on
which the largest fore-and-aft sail is carried.
windward side
(a) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Rules of Part B, Sections I and II any vessel overtaking
any other shall keep out of the way of the vessel being overtaken.
Rule 13
Overtaking
A vessel shall be deemed to be overtaking when coming up with another vessel from a direction
_, that is, in such a position with reference to the vessel she is
overtaking, that at night she would be able to see only the _
more than 22.5 degrees abaft her beam, sternlight of that vessel but neither of her
sidelights.
When a vessel is in any doubt as to whether she is overtaking another,
she shall assume that this
is the case and act accordingly.
Any subsequent alteration of the bearing between the two vessels shall _ within the meaning of these Rules or relieve her of the duty of keeping clear
of the overtaken vessel until she is finally past and clear.
not make the overtaking
vessel a crossing vesseL
(a) When two power-driven vessels are meeting on reciprocal or nearly reciprocal courses so as to
involve risk of collision each shall alter her course to starboard so that each shall pass on the port
side of the other.
Rule 14
Head-on Situation
Such a situation shall be deemed to exist when a vessel sees the other ahead or nearly ahead and
by night she could see the _
masthead lights of the other in a line or nearly in a line and/or both
sidelights and by day she observes the corresponding aspect of the other vessel.
When a vessel is in any doubt as to whether such a situation exists she _
shall assume that it does
exist and act accordingly
When two power-driven vessels are crossing so as to involve risk of collision, the vessel which has the
other_ and shall, if the circumstances of the case
admit, avoid crossing ahead of the other vessel.
Rule 15
Crossing Situation
on her own starboard side shall keep out of the way
Every vessel which is directed to keep out of the way of another vessel shall, so far as possible, take
early and substantial action to keep well clear.
Rule 16
Action by Give-way Vessel
Where one of two vessels is to keep out of the way the other shall keep her course and
speed.
Rule 17
Action by Stand-on Vessel
The_may however take action to avoid collision by her manoeuvre alone, as
soon as it becomes apparent to her that the vessel required to keep out of the way is
not taking appropriate action in compliance with these Rules.
latter vessel
When, from any cause, the vessel required to _finds herself so close
that collision cannot be avoided by the action of the give-way vessel alone, she shall take such action
as will best aid to avoid collision.
keep her course and speed
A power-driven vessel which takes action in a crossing situation in accordance with sub-paragraph
(a)(ii) of this Rule to avoid collision with another power-driven vessel shall, if the circumstances of
the case admit,
not alter course to port for a vessel on her own port side. (Rule 17 Action by Stand-on Vessel)
This Rule does not relieve the give-way vessel of her obligation to keep out of the way
(Rule 17 Action by Stand-on Vessel)
A power-driven vessel underway shall keep out of the way of:
(i) a vessel not under command;
(ii) a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre;
(iii) a vessel engaged in fishing;
(iv) a sailing vessel.
) A sailing vessel underway shall keep out of the way of:
(i) a vessel not under command;
(ii) a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre;
(iii) a vessel engaged in fishing.
(c) A vessel engaged in fishing when underway shall, so far as possible, keep out of the way
of:
(i) a vessel not under command;
(ii) a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre.
Any vessel other than a vessel not under command or a vessel restricted in her ability to
manoeuvre shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, avoid _
impeding the safe
passage of a vessel constrained by her draught, exhibiting the signals in Rule 28)
A vessel constrained by her draught shall
navigate with particular caution having full
regard to her special condition.
A seaplane on the water shall, in general, _. In circumstances, however, where risk of collision exists, she shall comply with the Rules
of this Part.
keep well clear of all vessels and avoid impeding their
navigation
a _ operating on the water surface shall comply with the Rules of this Part as a _
WIG craft, power-driven vessel.
This Rule applies to vessels not in sight of one another when navigating in or near an area of
restricted visibility.
Section III-Conduct of Vessels in Restricted Visibility
RULE 19
Conduct of Vessels in Restricted Visibility
) Every vessel shall proceed at a _.
safe speed adapted to the prevailing circumstances and conditions
of restricted visibility
A power-driven vessel shall
have engines ready for immediate manoeuvre.
A vessel _shall determine if a close quarters situation is developing and/or risk of collision exists. If so, she shall take avoiding action in
_ provided that when such action consists of an alteration of course
which detects by radar alone the presence of another vessel , ample time,
the
following shall be avoided IN RULE 19
(i) an alteration of course to port for a vessel forward of the beam, other than for a vessel
being overtaken;
(ii) an alteration of course towards a vessel abeam or abaft the beam.
Except where it has been determined that a risk of collision does not exist, every vessel which
hears apparently forward of her beam the fog signal of another vessel, or which cannot avoid a close
quarters situation with another vessel forward of her beam, shall _
reduce her speed to the minimum
at which she can be kept on her course. She shall if necessary take all her way off and in any event
navigate with extreme caution until danger of collision is over.
are navigation rules to be followed by ships and other vessels at sea to prevent collisions between two or more vessels
collision regulations
caused by exceptional circumstances (engine failure, steering gear failure, fire, flooding)
NUC not under command
caused by her nature of work (vessels engaged in water operations)
RAM restricted in her ability to maneuver
caused by the available depth and width of navigable water is severely restricted in her ability to deviate from the course she is following
CBD constrained by her draught
to determine if risk of collision exists
if the bearing remains the same and the distance decreases, there is a sight of collision)
in which the vessel is able to stop well within the limits of visibility
safe speed
the assessment of risk of collision should be made well in time by observing the situation for quite some time and from a great distance and at regualr intervals at time
ample time
end of the tss
termination
if joining the tss
small angles
if crossing the tss
right angle (straight)
direction upwind from the point of reference. it is more exposed and subject to the full force of the wind
windward (give way)
direction downwind from the point of reference. considered more protected and calm side
leeward
masthead light color and degree
225* red and green
sidelights
112.5* (port 90, stbd 22.5)
stern light
135* white
on head on situation at night you will see
four lights (wwgr)
on crossing situation at night you will see
three light (wwr)
if it appears that the give way vessel is not taking sufficient action the stand on vessel shall also give the
wake up sound signal of 5 short rapid blasts on the whistle
if the vessel is in restricted visibility
there is no privilege vessel
considered as a restricted visibility
less than 200 nm
