Terms Flashcards
1
Q
Ligand
A
A soluble molecule or a peptide, carbohydrate, or lipid presented on the cell surface.
2
Q
Avidity
A
The combined strength of multiple interactions
3
Q
Affinity
A
The strength of an interaction
4
Q
Epitope
A
the binding site
5
Q
Antigen
A
An organism, molecule, or part of a molecule that is recognized by the immune system
6
Q
Immunogens
A
- Induce immune response & are targets of that response
- Not all antigens are immunogens
- Sometimes referred to as carrier
7
Q
Hapten
A
- Small, nonimmunogenic, nonbiologic molecules
- Are complexed with carrier
8
Q
Tolerogens
A
Induce adaptive immune unresponsiveness
9
Q
Pattern Recognition Receptors
A
- PRRs
- Recognize broad structural motifs not generally present in host
- Recognize PAMPs
10
Q
Toll-Like Recptors
A
- TLRs
- Type of PRR
- Mediate generation of defensive responses that include transriptional activation, synthesis, & secreation of cytokines
- Promote Inflammation & attracts Leukocytes
11
Q
B-Cell Receptors
A
- Immunoglobulins
- Soluble, secreted forms are antibodies
- Expressed on the surface of B cells
- Bind pathogens
- Serve as B cell pathogen-recognition receptors
12
Q
T-Cell Receptors
A
Only expressed as cell-surface recognition receptors, never as soluble proteins
13
Q
Plasma Cells
A
Secrete IGs that have same epitope-binfing specificity as BCRS
14
Q
Pleiotropy
A
One cytokine produces multiple effects
15
Q
Redundancy
A
More than one cytokine induces the same effect
