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OEC 5th > Terms 30,31,32 > Flashcards

Terms 30,31,32 Flashcards

1
Q

adolescent

A

an individual, ages 13-18 years; focus shifts from parents to peers; decision making, abstract thinking, and complex memorization skills develop.

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2
Q

child abuse

A

any act or failure to act on the part of a parent, a caregiver, or any adult that results in serious physical or emotional harm or imminent risk of harm to a child.

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3
Q

child neglect

A

a failure to act on the part of a parent, a caregiver, or other responsible adult to provide for the physical, emotional, educational, safety, or social needs of a child to the extent that emotional, developmental, or physical harm may occur.

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4
Q

decompensated shock

A

shock that results from the body’s inability to compensate for low blood volume or inadequate tissue perfusion.

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5
Q

epiglottitis

A

an inflammation and swelling of the epiglottis, the small, leaf-shaped structure that covers the larynx when a person swallows and prevents food from entering the trachea.

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6
Q

fontanel

A

an unfused suture between the bones of the skull of a newborn that allows expansion of the growing brain; the fontanels close at approximately 18-20 months of age.

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7
Q

infant

A

a child ages 2-12 months.

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8
Q

meningitis

A

an inflammation of the membranes covering the spinal cord and brain; may be caused by viruses or bacteria.

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9
Q

newborn

A

a child in the first month of life; children in this stage are also said to be in the neonatal period.

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10
Q

pediatric assessment triangle

A

an assessment tool that utilizes a pediatric patient’s appearance (mental status, body position, and muscle tone), work of breathing (visible movement, effort, and audible sounds), and circulation (skin color) to assess the patient’s well-being.

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11
Q

preschool period

A

the period of childhood during ages 3-5 years; a time in which a child gains fine motor skills and greater independence.

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12
Q

retraction

A

the condition in which muscles pull in between the ribs and above the sternum upon inhalation.

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13
Q

school-aged child

A

a child, ages 6-12 years.

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14
Q

shaken baby syndrome

A

a condition in which an infant or toddler is picked up and violently shaken, causing a traumatic brain injury.

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15
Q

sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

A

the sudden, unexplained death of an infant in which a postmortem examination fails to determine the cause of death.

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16
Q

toddler

A

a child ages 12-36 months; the stage at which a child begins to explore, climb, and speak simple words or phrases.

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17
Q

tripod position

A

a position in which a patient sits upright and leans forward onto outstretched arms; the head and chin are thrust forward in an attempt to keep the airway open.

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18
Q

bronchodilator

A

an agent that causes expansion of the air passages within the lungs.

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19
Q

geriatric

A

pertaining to elderly persons or to the aging process.

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20
Q

heart contractility

A

the capacity of cardiac muscle cells to shorten in response to a suitable stimulus.

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21
Q

kyphosis

A

abnormally increased dorsal curvature of the thoracic spine.

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22
Q

lordosis

A

abnormally increased anterior curvature of the spine (usually the lumbar spine).

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23
Q

nephron

A

the smallest functional unit of the kidney.

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24
Q

osteoporosis

A

a disease process that leads to a reduction in bone mass.

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25
Q

polypharmacy

A

the simultaneous use of several medications in combination.

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26
Q

scoliosis

A

abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.

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27
Q

syncope

A

a transient loss of responsiveness resulting from inadequate cerebral blood flow.

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28
Q

vital capacity

A

the maximum amount of air that can be expired following a maximum inhalation.

29
Q

adaptive athlete

A

a person with a physical or intellectual disability who participates in a sport.

30
Q

adaptive equipment

A

modified sport gear that helps its user overcome a functional impairment.

31
Q

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

A

legislation passed in 1990 designed to prevent discrimination against individuals with disabilities.

32
Q

athetoid cerebral palsy

A

a form of CP that causes slow, writhing muscle contractions.

33
Q

attention deficit disorder (ADD)

A

a behavioral syndrome that causes short attention span, impulsive behavior, and restlessness.

34
Q

autism spectrum disorders (ASDs)

A

developmental disabilities that impair communication with others.

35
Q

autonomic dysreflexia (AD)

A

abnormal function of the nervous system associated with spinal cord injuries; can lead to dangerously high blood pressure.

36
Q

bi-ski

A

a sit-ski with two skis attached to the bottom of the device.

37
Q

bucket

A

the seat of a sit-ski, which may have one or two skis mounted to the base of the seat.

38
Q

cerebral palsy (CP)

A

a brain injury before, during, or shortly following birth that results in a non-progressive, non-contagious muscular motor disorder.

39
Q

cognitive disability

A

an impairment of brain function that limits the ability to process information.

40
Q

disability

A

any condition that impairs normal function or daily activity.

41
Q

Down syndrome (DS)

A

a genetic disability that causes intellectual impairment and physical anomalies.

42
Q

dyslexia

A

an impairment of information processing that makes learning new information difficult.

43
Q

dystonic cerebral palsy

A

a form of CP associated with extreme muscle rigidity.

44
Q

expressive aphasia

A

the inability to express speech normally.

45
Q

four tracker

A

a skier with two legs (one or both of which may be a prosthetic) who also uses two outriggers.

46
Q

handicap

A

any condition that impairs normal physical or intellectual function.

47
Q

impairment

A

any loss or limitation of physical or intellectual function.

48
Q

intellectual disability

A

any condition that impairs normal information processing.

49
Q

mono-ski

A

a sit-ski with one ski attached to the bottom of the device.

50
Q

multiple sclerosis (MS)

A

a progressive neurologic syndrome that causes weakness, paralysis of the extremities, and visual deficits.

51
Q

muscular dystrophy (MD)

A

a syndrome characterized by progressive muscle degeneration.

52
Q

ostomy bag

A

a bag for collecting urine or feces that attaches to the body with adhesive tape.

53
Q

outriggers

A

short skis mounted on crutch-type ski poles that provide better balance for a disabled skier.

54
Q

paraplegic

A

people who do not have use of their legs.

55
Q

prosthetic

A

an artificial body part that substitutes for a missing human body part.

56
Q

quadriplegic

A

people who have lost function in all four extremities are called quadriplegics.

57
Q

sit-board

A

a device in which a bucket used for sitting is attached to a snowboard.

58
Q

sit-ski

A

a device consisting of two basic components: a “bucket” or seat on which the adaptive athlete sits, and one or two skis attached to the bucket.

59
Q

ski bra

A

a device that attaches near the tips of each ski to hold the skis apart so the tips cannot cross.

60
Q

sliding board

A

a flat board, 12 inches by 36 inches, made of smooth wood or plastic, used to transfer someone to or from a wheelchair.

61
Q

spastic cerebral palsy

A

a form of CP that causes constant, involuntary muscle contractions.

62
Q

spina bifida (SB)

A

a congenital malformation that results in gaps within the bony spine that expose the spinal cord to injury.

63
Q

spinal cord injury (SCI)

A

damage to the spinal cord due to trauma.

64
Q

stoma

A

a surgical port created in the body.

65
Q

tether

A

a strap (or pair of straps) that is attached to an adaptive skier’s waist or to a sit-ski to guide the skier and prevent excessive speed.

66
Q

three tracker

A

a skier with one leg who uses one ski and outriggers on both arms.

67
Q

two track skiing

A

the use of two skis only by an adaptive skier; can include the use of adaptive equipment such as tethers and ski bras.

68
Q

visual impairment

A

a range of visual disabilities that include legal blindness, partial sightedness, and complete blindness.

OEC 5th (16 decks)

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