Terms 17,18,19

Question 1

golden hour

Answer 1

the first 60 minutes following a serious traumatic event, during which prompt medical treatment may prevent death.

Question 1

index of suspicion

Answer 1

when evaluating a patient who has sustained trauma, the initial impression of what could be injured and how bad the injury is, based on the mechanism of injury.

Question 2

injury pattern

Answer 2

a combination of injuries commonly seen in a patient based on the mechanism of injury.

Question 3

kinematics

Answer 3

the branch of mechanics that studies the movement of body segments without consideration given to its mass or the forces making it move.

Question 4

kinetic energy

Answer 4

the energy generated by a body in motion; mathematically expressed as mass _ velocity.

Question 5

trauma

Answer 5

physical injury caused by an external force.

Question 6

trauma center

Answer 6

a specialized hospital providing 24-hour trauma care, including stabilization, critical care, subspecialty care, and nursing care.

Question 7

trauma surgeon

Answer 7

a physician who specializes in trauma care.

Question 8

amputation

Answer 8

the complete or nearly complete separation of a body part or limb.

Question 9

bandage

Answer 9

a strip or roll of gauze or other material used for wrapping or binding a body part.

Question 10

burn

Answer 10

a lesion of the skin caused by thermal or frictional heat, chemicals, electricity, or nuclear radiation.

Question 11

closed injury

Answer 11

damage beneath the skin or a mucous membrane from trauma while the overlying skin remains intact.

Question 12

compartment syndrome

Answer 12

a condition in which the swelling of injured muscles within their connective tissue coverings causes pressure that can damage tissue and cut off blood flow.

Question 13

compression dressing

Answer 13

an occlusive dressing that applies some pressure to a bleeding wound; it should not compromise circulation, movement, or sensation distal to the wound.

Question 14

crush injury

Answer 14

compression injury in which a great amount of force is applied to the body.

Question 15

dermis

Answer 15

the inner layer of the skin; contains hair follicles, sweat glands, nerve endings, and blood vessels.

Question 16

dressing

Answer 16

any material (preferably sterile) used for covering and protecting a wound.

Question 17

ecchymosis

Answer 17

a bruise; discoloration of the skin associated with a closed wound; signifies bleeding within the skin.

Question 18

epidermis

Answer 18

the outer layer of skin that act as a watertight protective covering.

Question 19

exsanguination

Answer 19

massive blood loss resulting in death; the process of bleeding to death.

Question 20

extravascular

Answer 20

outside of a blood vessel.

Question 21

hematoma

Answer 21

an extravascular collection of blood within the body’s tissues or in a body cavity.

Question 22

hemorrhage

Answer 22

the escape of blood from the vessels; bleeding.

Question 23

hemostatic dressing

Answer 23

a surgical gauze/mesh impregnated with a material that stops arterial and venous bleeding in seconds.

Question 24

impaled object

Answer 24

a foreign object that remains in the body in a puncture wound.

Question 25

incision

Answer 25

cut that has clean, smooth edges.

Question 26

occlusive dressing

Answer 26

dressing made of Vaseline gauze, aluminum foil, or plastic wrap that prevents air and liquids from entering or exiting a wound.

Question 27

open injury

Answer 27

an injury in which a break in the skin or a mucous membrane exposes deeper tissue to potential contamination.

Question 28

pressure dressing

Answer 28

a dressing that closes bleeding blood vessels by compressing the wound.

Question 29

puncture

Answer 29

a penetrating wound resulting from a sharp, pointed object.

Question 30

subcutaneous tissue

Answer 30

tissue between the dermis and the fascia overlying the muscle; contains fat, nerves, and blood vessels.

Question 31

subungual hematoma

Answer 31

a painful extravascular collection of blood under a nail.

Question 32

tourniquet

Answer 32

an instrument that when tightened around an arm or leg temporarily arrests the flow of blood through a large artery.

Question 33

universal dressing

Answer 33

sterile, soft, highly absorbent, individually wrapped dressing that provides superior padding and protection for major wounds; usually measures 12 inches by 30 inches; also called trauma dressing.

Question 34

alternating current (AC)

Answer 34

electrical current that periodically flows in opposite directions.

Question 35

chemical burn

Answer 35

a burn caused by a caustic substance, such as an acid or a base.

Question 36

direct current (DC)

Answer 36

electrical current that flows in one direction only.

Question 37

electrical current

Answer 37

a stream of electricity that moves along a conductor.

Question 38

first-degree burn

Answer 38

a burn that affects the epidermis only, causing reddening of the skin and mild edema but no blisters.

Question 39

fourth-degree burn

Answer 39

a burn that extends into muscle and bone.

Question 40

full-thickness burn

Answer 40

a third-degree or fourth-degree burn.

Question 41

partial-thickness burn

Answer 41

a second-degree burn.

Question 42

scald

Answer 42

an injury caused by a hot liquid or a hot, moist vapor.

Question 43

second-degree burn

Answer 43

a burn that affects the epidermis and the dermis and results in blisters.

Question 44

superficial burn

Answer 44

a first-degree burn.

Question 45

thermal

Answer 45

pertaining to heat.

Question 46

third-degree burn

Answer 46

a burn that destroys the epidermis and the dermis and extends into the subcutaneous tissue.

Question 47

volt (V)

Answer 47

a unit of electric potential or electromotive force, equal to 1 watt per ampere or 1 joule per coulomb.