Terminology Flashcards
Breed
animals within a species with a distinctive appearance, typically developed by deliberate selection.
Breeding animal
animal used to produce offspring typically in a controlled and organized way
Dam
Female parent
Flock
grouping of species of livestock (sheep, poultry)
Herd
group of single species of animals (cattle, horses, swine, goats)
Litter
multiple offspring produced at one birth by a multiparous mammal. also called brood.
Livestock
domestic farm animals kept for productive purposes (meat, milk, work, wool)
Market animals
livestock bred and raised for food consumption.
Parity
number of times a female has had offspring
Polled
naturally hornless animal
Sire
uncastrated male parent
Stag
male that is castrated after sexual maturity (often shows signs of masculinity at slaughter)
Weanling
an animal that has been recently weaned
Yearling
an animal that is about 1 year of age
Bovine
the scientific name for cattle
Bull
sexually mature uncastrated male bovine
Calf
sexually immature young bovine
Calving
process of giving birth in cattle
Cow
mature female bovine
Fed steer or heifer
steer or heifer that is ready for slaughter at the end of a finishing period
Feeder steer or heifer
steer or heifer that is ready to enter a feedyard and begin the finishing phase
Heifer
young female bovine which has not yet had a calf (usually less than 22-24 months old)
Ox
castrated male bovine at least 4 years old
Steer
castrated male bovine
Ewe
female sheep
Ewe lamb
female sheep under 1 year of age
Lamb
sheep less than one year in age
Lambing
process of giving birth in sheep
Lambking
(aka. lambling) newly born lamb
Ovine
the scientific name for sheep
Ram
uncastrated male sheep at least 1 year old
Ram lamb
uncastrated male sheep that is under 1 year of age
Wether
castrated male sheep
Buck
(aka. billy) a sexually mature uncastrated male goat
Buckling
young uncastrated male goat less that 1 year old
Caprine
refers to animals in the goat family
Doe
(aka. nanny) a female goat over 1 year of age
Kid
young goat of either sex
Wether
castrated male goat
Kidding
process of giving birth in goats
Barrow
young, castrated male swine
Boar
sexually mature uncastrated male swine
Farrowing
process of a sow giving birth
Feeder pig
young pig (40-70lbs) that is ready to be finished up to market weight
Gilt
young female pig that has not yet given birth
Hog
mature swine (usually weighing more than 120lbs)
Pig
(aka. piglet) a young swine (usually weighing less than 120 lbs)
Porcine
the scientific name for swine
Sow
mature female swine
Swine
refers to animals in the pig family
Galline
scientific name for chickens
Hen
female bird over 1 year of age
Pullet
female chicken under one year of age (typically has not started laying eggs)
Laying
act of giving birth in chickens
Rooster
(aka. cock) uncastrated male bird over one year of age
Broilers
meat chicken that is 6-13 weeks of age at slaughter
Fryer
meat chicken slaughtered at 12-20 weeks of age
Capon
castrated male chicken slaughtered at 4-8 months old
Chick
newly hatched or very young chicken
Cockerel
uncastrated male bird under one year of age
Drake
uncastrated adult male duck
Duck
adult female duck
Ducklings
baby ducks
Gander
adult uncastrated male goose
Gosling
young goose (up until feathers have replaced all of their down)
Poult
young domestic turkey
Tom
uncastrated adult male turkey
Meleagrine
scientific name for turkeys