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Geography > Term 4 > Flashcards

Term 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

continental shelf

A

the area of seabed around a large land mass where the sea is relatively shallow compared to the open ocean

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2
Q

continental slope

A

a slope between the continental shelf and ocean floor

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3
Q

Abyssal plain

A

underwater plain on the deep ocean floor

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4
Q

Seamount

A

Underwater mountain formed by volcanic activity

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5
Q

Guyot

A

isolated underwater volcanic mountain with a flat top

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6
Q

Ocean ridge

A

a seafloor mountain system formed by tectonic plates

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7
Q

rift valley

A

a steep sided valley formed by the downward displacement of a block of the earth’s surface between fault systems

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8
Q

trench

A

a long narrow depression in the coean bed, typically running in parallel to plate boundaries and making a subduction zone

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9
Q

ocean current

A

a continuous directed movement of sea water generated by number of forces acting upon the water

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10
Q

El nino effects on AUS

A

reduced rainfall, warmer temperatures, drier climatic conditions, increase frost risk, later monsoon onset, increased fire susceptability in south est Australia, decrease snow coverage

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11
Q

Effects of La Nina on AUS

A

increased rainfall, cooler temperatures, humidity, increased tropical cyclones, ealier monsoon outset, deeper snow cover

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12
Q

EEZ

A

Exclusive economic zone is a sea zone prescribed by the UN which a state has special rights regarding the exloitation and use of marine reosurces.

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13
Q

mineral

A

a solid, naturally occurring inorganic substance

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14
Q

OIl and gas

A

viscous liquid derived from eptroleum, gas is a compressed gas that consists of flammable hydrocarbons

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15
Q

develeopment

A

improvement in a countrys economic and social conditions

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16
Q

characteristics of developing nation

A

low gnp, low energy consumption, percentage of secondary students, lower access to food, clean water, sanitation, health services, education, employment

17
Q

factors that affect rates of development

A

internal:
availability of natural resources, population shifts, political forces, biophysical factors
External:
international trade (TNCs), technological change, foreign aid, cultural contact (tourism)

18
Q

factors that affect development

A

physical: climate, natural resources, location, natural hazards

political factors: trade, corruption/poor management, war

Social:
discrimination, population

19
Q

Aus life expectancy

A

83

20
Q

Malawi life expectancy

A

72.4

21
Q

Aus GDP per capita

A

48,700

22
Q

Malawi GDP per capita

A

1,500

23
Q

Infant mortality AUS

A

3 deaths

24
Q

Malawi infant mortality

A

33.4 deaths

25
Q

AUS populstion under poverty line

A

13.6%

26
Q

Malawi population below poverty line

A

51.5%

27
Q

refugee

A

someibe who has been forced to flee their country because of persecution, war or violence.

28
Q

how many people dont have basic needs

A

1 billion

29
Q

how many in developing nations

A

4.4 bilion

30
Q

how many dont have access to clean water

A

one third

31
Q

how many dont have access to medical facilities

A

20%

32
Q

how many refugees

A

26 million

33
Q

stateless people

A

non a citizen of any country

34
Q

stateless people occur due to

A

gaps in the system, discrimination, ineffective brith regristration, faulue to grant citisenship when one country succeeds from another or becomes independant, lack of documentation

35
Q

How much of the worlds refugees are children

A

half

Geography (16 decks)

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