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STEP 1 > Teratogens > Flashcards

Teratogens Flashcards

0
Q

Alkylating Agents

A

Absence of digits, multiple anomalies

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1
Q

Ace inhibitors

A

Renal damage

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2
Q

Aminoglycosides

A

CN VIII toxicity

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3
Q

Carbamazepine

A

Facial dysmorphism
Developmental delay
Neural tube defects
Phalanx/fingernail hypoplasia

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4
Q

Diethylstilbestrol (DES)

A

Vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma

Congenital Mullerian anomalies

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5
Q

Folate antagonists

A

Neural tube defects

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6
Q

Isotretinoin

A

Multiple severe birth defects

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7
Q

Lithium

A

Ebsteins anomaly (atrialized right ventricle)

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8
Q

Methimazole

A

Aphasia cutis congenita

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9
Q

Phenytoin

A

Fetal hydantoin syndrome - cleft palate, cardiac defects, phalanx/fingernail hypoplasia

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10
Q

Tetracyclines

A

Discolored teeth

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11
Q

Thalidomide

A

Limb defects (phocomelia, micromelia - “flipper” limbs)

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12
Q

Valproate

A

Inhibition of maternal folate absorption - neural tube defects

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13
Q

Warfarin

A

Bone deformities, fetal hemorrhage, abortion, ophthalmologist abnormalities

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14
Q

Alcohol

A

Fetal alcohol syndrome - intellectual disability, wide lips

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15
Q

Cocaine

A

Abnormal fetal growth and fetal addiction; placental abruption

16
Q

Smoking (nicotine, CO)

A 
Low birth weight ( leading cause in developed countries) 
Preterm labor
Placental problems
IUGR
ADHD
17
Q

Iodine (lack or excess)

A

Congenital goiter or hypothyroidism (cretinism)

18
Q

Maternal diabetes

A

Caudal regression syndrome ( anal atresia to sirenomelia)
Congenital heart defects
Neural tube defects

19
Q

Vitamin A excess

A

Extremely high risk for spontaneous abortions and birth defects (cleft palate, cardiac)

20
Q

X-Rays

A

Microcephaly

Intellectual disability

STEP 1 (22 decks)

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