Tenses Flashcards
What are the four Greek tenses?
Aorist, imperfect, present, future
Describe two different types of aorist tense?
A one off action, e.g. I
walked to the shop last Tuesday
One with no implication, e.g. I walked a lot last week.
What is imperfect tense?
it describes a continuous or recurring action in the past.
How to form future tense?
Add σ to end of stem
λυ + σ + ω
How to form imperfect tense?
Add ε prefix
ἐ + λυ + ον
How to form aorist tense?
Both ε and σ
ἐ + λυ + σ + α
What tense is this in? θεραπευω
Present
What tense is this in? θεραπευσω
future
What tense is this in? ἐθεραπευον
Imperfect
What tense is this in? ἐθεραπευσα
Aorist
What happens when there is a σ after a ε
Becomes ησ
What tense and person is this in? λυσω
Future
1st person sing.
I will untie
What tense and person is this in? λυσεις
Future
2nd person sing
You will untie
What tense and person is this in? λυσει
Future
3rd person sing
He/she/it will untie
What tense and person is this in? λυσομεν
Future
1st person plu.
We will
What tense and person is this in? λυσετε
Future
2nd person plu
You will
What tense and person is this in? λυσουσιν
Future
3rd person plu
They will
What tense and person is this in? ἐλυον
Imperfect
1st person sing OR 3rd person plural
I was untying…They were untying
What tense and person is this in? ἐλυες
imperfect
2nd person sing
You were untying…
What tense and person is this in? ἐλυε(ν)
imperfect
3rd person sing
He/she/it was untying
What tense and person is this in? ἐλυομεν
imperfect
1st person plu.
We were untying
What tense and person is this in? ἐλυετε
imperfect
2nd person plu.
You were untying
What tense and person is this in? ἐλυον
imperfect
3rd person plu. OR 1st person singular
I was….or they were
What tense and person is this in? ἐλυσα
Aorist
1st person sing.
I untied
What tense and person is this in? ἐλυσας
Aorist
2nd person sing.
You untied.
What tense and person is this in? ἐλυσε(ν)
Aorist
3rd person sing
He/she/it untied
What tense and person is this in? ἐλυσαμεν
Aorist
1st person plu
We untied
What tense and person is this in? ἐλυσατε
Aorist
2nd person plu.
You untied
What tense and person is this in? ἐλυσαν
Aorist
3rd person plu
They untied
ἐφιλε + ον turns into…
ἐφιλουν
ἐφιλε + ες turns into…
ἐφιλεις
ἐφιλε + ε turns into…
ἐφιλει
ἐφιλε + ομεν turns into…
ἐφιλουμεν
ἐφιλε + ετε turns into…
ἐφιλειτε
ἐφιλε + ον turns into…
ἐφιλουν
ε + α
η
ε + ε
η
ε + o
ω
ε + any other vowel
ε disappears
ε + αι
ῃ
ε + ει
ῃ
ε + oι
ῳ
ε + αυ
ηυ
ε + ευ
ηυ
sometimes stays ευ
Where does the verb go in compound verbs?
Between the preposition and the stem
e.g.
Step 1: ἀπο + λυω (this one snaps apart easily along the dotted lines)
Step 2: ἀπο + ε + λυον (we’re adding the imperfect 1st person endings)
Step 3: ἀπ’ + ε + λυον (ἀπο drops the ο before a vowel)
Which letters are dentals?
τ δ θ ζ
Which letters are labials?
π β φ
Which letters are the gutterals?
γ κ χ σσ
Which letters are the liquids?
μ ν ρ λ
τ δ θ ζ + σ
σ
π β φ + σ
ψ
γ κ χ σσ + σ
ξ
