Teeth, Tongue, & Salivary Glands Flashcards
what is a tooth composed of?
internal soft tissue (pulp), 3 calcified tissues: enamel, cementum, & dentin
what are calcified dental tissues made of?
calcium hydroxapatite
major parts of teeth?
enamel covered crown, cementum covered root, & a cervix
enamel
- highly calcified matrix
- 2 glycoproteins: enamelin & amelogen
- acellular after tooth eruption
dentin surrounds?
pulp chamber & pulp root canal
what is dentin made of?
calcified matrix of collagen fibers
how is dentin made?
odontoblasts
where are odontoblasts located?
periphery of pulp
dentinal tubules
tunnel-like spaces within dentin
cementum
collagen containing calcified matrix produced by cementoblasts
cementocytes
- in apical region of cementum in lacunae
- send processes in canaliculi towards periodontal ligament
dental pulp
gelantinous CT with odontoblasts in peripheral layer; contains fibroblasts, mesenchymal cells, & thin collagen fibers
what is special about dental pulp?
richly vascularized, sympathetic nerve fibers (PAIN)
periodontal ligament
- dental support
- dense irregular CT
- collagen fibers —> principle fiber bundles
- suspends tooth in alveolus
gingivae
- covered by stratified squamous epithelium & contains dense irregular CT
- attaches to enamel surface via hemidesmosomes
alveolar bone
- attachment site of periodontal ligament
- inner layer (cribriform plate), outer layer (cortical plate), & intervening layer (spongiosa)
tongue
divided into anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3 by sulcus terminalis & ends in a shallow pit called foramen cecum
what kind of epithelium does the tongue have?
- dorsal: stratified squamous parakeratinized epithelium
- ventral: stratified squamous nonkeratinized
- both have lamina propria & submucosa
what constitutes the bulk of lingual tissue?
muscular core
lingual papillae
on dorsal surface, classified into 4 types
filiform papillae
short, narrow, highly keratinized, above tongue surface
fungiform papillae
mushroom shaped above tongue surface
foliate papillae
shallow, longitudinal furrows located on tongue lateral aspect
circumvallate papillae
large, circular & surrounded by moat like furrow; anterior to sulcus terminalis
taste buds
- intraepithelial sensory organs
- 4 types: dark, light, intermediate, & basal
salty & sour taste due to?
specific ion channels in taste buds
bitter & sweet taste due to?
specific membrane receptors
umami taste
detects carboxylate ion on glutamic acid
loss of taste
ageusia, partial loss= dysgeusia
lingual salivary glands
deliver serous secretion to papilla & assist in taste buds receiving stimuli
glands of von Ebner
secrete into groove by circumvallate papillae; serous fluid with lipases
muscular core of tongue
made of skeletal muscle & has salivary glands
salivary glands
exocrine glands
parotid gland
serous acini
submandibular gland
both serous & mucous acini
sublingual
mainly mucous
functions of glands?
make & secrete lysozyme, amylase, lactoferrin, & secretory component for IgA
whats the shape of salivary glands?
compound tubuloalveolar
what surrounds glands?
dense irregular CT capsule
salivary gland acini
connects to intercalated duct which leads to intralobular ducts; serous demilunes; in myoepithelial cells near basal lamina aid in saliva secretion
