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Cells > Techniques in Cell Biology > Flashcards

Techniques in Cell Biology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the optical resolution limit?

A

The minimal distance that allows recognition of object details

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2
Q

What allows better resolution in a microscope?

A

A smaller wavelength of light/beam

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3
Q

What is the wavelength of visible light?

A

390-700nm

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4
Q

What is the wavelength of an electron beam?

A

0.0025nm

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5
Q

What is the advantage of light microscopy?

A

Cells are alive

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6
Q

What is the disadvantage of light microscopy?

A

Low resolution

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7
Q

What is the advantage of electron microscopy?

A

High resolution

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8
Q

What is the disadvantage of electron microscopy?

A

Cells are dead

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9
Q

What is advanced electron microscopy used for?

A

Single molecule analysis

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10
Q

What does a scanning electron microscope focus on?

A

A sample’s surface and composition

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11
Q

What does a transmission electron microscope focus on?

A

The details of a sample’s internal composition

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12
Q

What is fluorescence?

A

The emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light

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13
Q

Is light emitted from a fluorescent molecule at a shorter or longer wavelength than the wavelength of light at absorption?

A

Longer

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14
Q

In basic terms, how does a fluorescence microscope work?

A

It excites the specimen and collects the emission light

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15
Q

What does fluorescence microscopy allow for visualisation of?

A

Visualisation of single molecules

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16
Q

What is the origin of Green Fluorescent Protein?

A

From the jellyfish Aequorea victoria

17
Q

Who is credited with the discovery of Green Fluorescent Protein?

A

Osamu Shimomura

18
Q

What was Martin Chalfie awarded a Nobel Prize for?

A

The discovery that GFP can be used to tag proteins.

19
Q

What colour light is used to allow for emission by proteins tagged with GFP?

A

Blue light

20
Q

What does FRAP stand for?

A

Fluorescent Recovery After Photobleaching

21
Q

What does FLIP stand for?

A

Fluorescent Loss In Photobleaching

22
Q

What is FRAP used for?

A

Revealing differences in membrane fluidity and protein mobility.

23
Q

What is FLIP used for?

A

To examine the movement of molecules in cells and membranes.

24
Q

What is photoactivation?

A

Fluorescent proteins that become visible after laser radiation

25
Q

At what wavelength must the fluorescent protein be activated at during photoactivation?

A

~400nm

26
Q

At what wavelength can a fluorescent protein be detected in photoactivation?

A

488nm

27
Q

What is the increase in fluorescence after photoactivation?

A

100-fold

Cells (18 decks)

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