Team Design

Question 1

Social Loafing

Answer 1

When people in groups don’t work as hard as they do when they are alone

Question 2

Team Performance and Size

Answer 2

Team performance increases with size, but the rate of increase is negatively accelerated

Question 3

Free Riders

Answer 3

Team members who benefit from the efforts of others while contributing little or nothing themselves

Question 4

3 Main Causes of Free Riding

Answer 4

Diffusion of Responsibility
Reduced Sense of Self-Efficacy
Sucker Aversion

Question 5

Diffusion of Responsibility

Answer 5

It is difficult to distinguish one person’s contribution from another

Question 6

Deindividuation

Answer 6

Psychological state in which a person does not feel individual responsibility

Question 7

Reduced Sense of Self-Efficacy

Answer 7

Belief that individual contributions will not be as valuable as they might be in a smaller group

Question 8

Sucker Aversion

Answer 8

Teammates hedge their efforts and wait to see what others will contribute so as not to be taken advantage of

Question 9

Fixes to Free-Riding

Answer 9

Increase Identifiably
Promote Involvement
Reward Performance
Strengthen Team Cohesion
Use Team Charters
Provide Reviews & Feedback
Maintain Right Staffing Level

Question 10

Types of Teams

Answer 10

Tactical Team
Problem Solving Team
Creative Team

Question 11

Tactical Team

Answer 11

Execute Well-Defined Plan

Question 12

Problem Solving Team

Answer 12

Resolve Problem on Ongoing Basis

Question 13

Creative Team

Answer 13

Create something

Question 14

Dominant Feature of Tactical Team

Answer 14

Clarity

Question 15

Dominant Feature of Problem Solving Team

Answer 15

Trust

Question 16

Dominant Feature of Creative Team

Answer 16

Autonomy

Question 17

Levels of Interdepedence

Answer 17

Pooled
Sequential
Reciprocal

Question 18

Pooled Interdependence

Answer 18

Group members work independently and then combine their work

Question 19

Sequential Interdependence

Answer 19

Classic assembly line/division of labor

Question 20

Reciprocal Interdependence

Answer 20

Every member is dependent on others at all levels - One member’s output can be another’s input

Question 21

Group Interaction & Team Size

Answer 21

Small Groups - Greater tension, agreement, and opinion seeking
Large Groups - More tension release and giving of suggestions

Question 22

Job Attitudes and Team Size

Answer 22

Satisfaction is inversely related to group size

Question 23

Absenteeism and Group Size

Answer 23

Higher among larger groups and blue collar workers

Question 24

Productivity and Group Size

Answer 24

No relationship, though social loafing may be present

Question 25

Types of Power

Answer 25

Referent
Expert
Legitimate
Reward
Coercive

Question 26

Referent Power

Answer 26

Based on interpersonal attraction

Question 27

Expert Power

Answer 27

Based on possession of needed information

Question 28

Legitimate Power

Answer 28

Based on right to exert power in specific domain

Question 29

Reward Power

Answer 29

Based on control of rewards

Question 30

Coercive Power

Answer 30

Based on fear

Question 31

Attentional Focus Model (AFM) Predictions for Teams

Answer 31

Can either enhance or reduce performance depending on requirements for successful task performance
Time pressure leads team to narrow down to most salient features of task

Question 32

Advantages of Team Diversity

Answer 32

Improved Team Performance
Expanded Talent Pool
Multiple Viewpoints
Improved Decision Making
Competitive Advantage

Question 33

Challenges of Team Diversity

Answer 33

Unconscious Homogeneity
Surface v. Deep level Diversity
Perceived v. Actual Diversity
Faultlines 
Conflict
Solos and Tokens

Question 34

Norms

Answer 34

Shared expectations that guide behavior in groups

Question 35

In a less structured team, who might create the norms?

Answer 35

The most disruptive and least self-conscious prick on the team
Also most outspoken

Question 36

How to counteract negative norms set by confident pricks

Answer 36

Introduce productive norms and structure early on