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CC 2 LEC FINALS > TDM PART 2 > Flashcards

TDM PART 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Acts by decreasing motor cortex activity

A

ETHOSUXIMIDE

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2
Q

ETHOSUXIMIDE

A

“Zarontin”

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3
Q

ETHOSUXIMIDE
Half life:

A

○ 60 hours (adults)
○ 30 hours (children)

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4
Q

FELBAMATE
Indications: severe epilepsies

A

● Half life: 14-22 hours adults
● Therapeutic range: 30-60 ug/mL
● Nearly complete absorption in the GIT
● Peak level 1-4 hours after oral dose
◆ Complete absorption
● Elimination renal and hepatic metabolism
● Higher clearance in children with liver dysfunction

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5
Q

FELBAMATE
___ of Felbamate is bound to proteins,

A

30%

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6
Q

AEDs which reduces its half life:

A

○ Phenobarbital
○ Primidone
○ Phenytoin
○ Carbamazepine

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7
Q

indications: partial and generalized seizure

A

LAMOTRIGINE

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8
Q

LAMOTRIGINE

A

Half life:15-30 hours
● Therapeutic range: 2.5-15 ug/mL

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9
Q

____ is an inhibitor of Lamotrigine

A

🔊 Valproic acid

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10
Q

Lamotrigine
___% is bound to protein

A

🔊 55

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11
Q

Such as for those children with mix seizure disorders
and for those children with lennox-gastaut syndrome

A

FELBAMATE

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12
Q

Indication: treatment of partial and generalized seizures

A

LEVETIRACETAM

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13
Q

LEVETIRACETAM

A

● Half Life: 6-8 hours 🔊 Shorter half life for this drug is not bound to proteins
➔ All portion of this drug is considered to be active
or potent portion
● Therapeutic range: 8-26 ug/mL

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14
Q

Indications monotherapy or together with other AEDs
(anti-epileptic drugs) for complex partial seizures

A

GABAPENTIN

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15
Q

GABAPENTIN

A

Half life: 5-9 hours
● Therapeutic range: 12-20 ug/mL
● Excessive increased level
○ Toxic adverse effects
● Decreased trough concentration
○ May lead to seizures
Treatment of liver disease and partial onset seizure in
patients with acute intermittent porphyria
● 90% bioavailability
Elimination: renal filtration

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16
Q

Indications monotherapy of practical seizures and in tonic
clonic seizure

A

OXCARBAZEPINE

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17
Q

OXCARBAZEPINE

A

Half life: 8-10 hours
● Therapeutic range: 12-35 ug/mL
● Metabolite: Licarbazepine
Metabolism keto reduction followed by glucuronide
conjugation
Peak level: 8 hours after administration

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18
Q

OXCARBAZEPINE
___ is bound to proteins

A

40%

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19
Q

TIAGABINE

A

Half life: 4-13 hours
● Therapeutic range: 20-100 ng/mL
● Peak level: 30 minutes - 1 hour after administration
● Metabolism MFO system
● Side effects
○ Symptoms of confusion
○ Stuttering
○ Mild sedation
○ Paresthesia - tingling sensation in the
extremities such as in the fingers, hand, toes,
and feet

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20
Q

Indication for treatment of partial seizures

A

TIAGABINE

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21
Q

TIAGABINE
____ is bound to proteins

A

🔊 96%

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22
Q

TOPIRAMATE

A

Indications treatment of partial and generalized seizure
● Half -life: 20-30 hours
● Peak level: within 1-4 hours after administration 🔊 15% is bound to proteins 🔊 Major route is through the kidney
➔ Some part enters the liver for metabolism
● Elimination: majority through renal filtration
● Dose titration: to balance therapeutic effects
● Side effects in the CNS

23
Q

● Side effects in the CNS
○ Change of taste with some food
○ “Pins and needles” sensation

A

TOPIRAMATE

24
Q

ZONISAMIDE

A

Indications: treatment of partial and generalized seizures
● Half-life:
○ 50-70 hours (monotherapy)
🔊 Taken alone = Prolonged Half-life
○ 25-35 hours (together with other AEDs)
🔊 Faster elimination
● Therapeutic Range: 10-38 ug/mL
● Peak Level: 4-7 hours

25
Primidone is the prodrug of ____
Phenobarbital
26
CARBAMAZEPINE OTHER TERM
Tegretol
27
CARBAMAZEPINE OTHER TERM
Tegretol
28
ANTIDEPRESSANTS
Lithium Tricyclic antidepressants Clozapine Olanzapine Fluoxetine
29
ANTICONVULSANTS
Phenobarbital Phenytoin Primidone Lamotrigine Levetiracetam Tiagabine Topiramate Carbamazepine Oxcarbazepine Valproic acid Ethosuximide Felbamate Zonisamide Gabapentin
30
Treatment and prophylaxis of manic phase of manic depression
LITHIUM
31
Treatment of depression, insomnia, extreme apathy and loss of libido
TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT (TCAD)
32
Treatment of refractory schizophrenia
CLOZAPINE
33
Treatment of schizophrenia, acute manic episodes, and the recurrence of bipolar disorders
OLANZAPINE
34
Treatment of OCDs
FLUOXETIN
35
Blocks the reuptake of adrenergic and dopaminergic neurotransmitters
TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS (TCAD)
36
TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS (TCAD) METABOLITE
Metabolite: Desipramine ● Therapeutic range: 100-300
37
Indication: treatment of refractory schizophrenia
CLOZAPINE
37
Indication: treatment of refractory schizophrenia
CLOZAPINE
38
Blocks serotonin reuptake in the central serotonergic pathways
● Blocks seroton
39
CYCLOSPORINE
Suppressive host versus graft rejection of heterotrophic transplanted organ
40
100 times more powerful than cyclosporine
TACROLIMUS (FK-506)
41
Antifungal
SIROLIMUS (RAPAMYCIN)
42
MYCOPHENOLIC ACID Prodrug:
Prodrug: mycophenolate mofetil
43
Blocks lymphocyte development and proliferation Supplementary drug for tacrolimus and cyclosporine
MYCOPHENOLIC ACID
44
METHOTREXATE blocks
Blocks dihydrofolate reductase
45
reverses methotrexate action
Leucovorin
46
Treatment of leukemias and lymphomas
BUSULFAN
47
ANTI-ASTHMATICS also called
bronchodilators
48
ACETAMINOPHEN HALF-LIFE:
2 hours
49
ASPIRIN HALF-LIFE:
3-15 hours
50
Indication: treatment and prevention of severe and moderate asthma
THEOPHYLLINE
51
SIROLIMUS
(RAPAMYCIN)
52
● Mechanism central inhibition of prostaglandin cyclooxygenase Half life: 3-15 hours 🔊 Peak level for this is 1-2 hours through oral administration
ASPIRIN

CC 2 LEC FINALS (8 decks)

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