TC 4-02.1 First Aid Flashcards
What publication covers First Aid?
TC 4-02.1
What does TC 4-02.1 cover?
First Aid
What does the acronym TCCC stand for?
Tactical Combat Casualty Care
How many phases are there for TCCC? What are they?
3 phases:
Care Under Fire
Tactical Field Care
Combat Casualty Evacuation Care
What is care under fire?
You are currently in danger from hostile fire and are limited in the care you can provide
What is Tactical Field Care?
You and casualty are not in immediate danger and are able to provide care to the best of your ability
What is Combat Casualty Evacuation Care?
The care rendered during casualty evacuation
What is the difference between CASEVAC and MEDEVAC?
MEDEVAC is with a medical vehicle, while a CASEVAC is with any other vehicle/aircraft
When would you not provide first aid to a casualty?
When it puts your life in danger or if there are no signs of life
In combat, what is the most likely threat to the casualty’s life?
Bleeding
What is a CCP?
Casualty Collection Point
How do you determine a casualty’s level of consciousness?
AVPU
Alert
Verbal
Pain
Unresponsive
What is CPR?
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation to restore the heart beat
What is an FMC?
Field Medical Card
When would you not loosen a casualty’s clothing?
Chemical environment or stuck to the skin
What are the 4 types of burns?
Chemical
Electrical
Laser
Thermal
What are the 3 categories of heat injuries?
Heat cramps
Heat exhaustion
Heat stroke
What are the two methods for opening the airway?
Head tilt / Chin lift
Jaw thrust
What is the objective of first aid?
Control bleeding
Overcome shock
Relieve pain
Prevent infection
What is first aid?
Care rendered to a casualty prior to the arrival of medical personnel
Where should you place a tourniquet?
Care under fire–high and tight over the clothing.
Tactical field care–2-4 inches above the wound.
What are the two types of fractures?
Open (compound)
Closed (simple)
What are the three types of bleeding?
Arterial–bright red, spurts
Venous–dark, steady
Capillary–oozes
Name 4 common points for checking pulse.
Neck, ankle, wrist, groin
What is the treatment for shock?
PELCRN Position casualty on their back elevate the legs loosen clothing climatize reassure notify medical personnel
keep calm
What are the 8 steps to evaluating a casualty?
Responsiveness, breathing, pulse, bleeding, shock, fractures, burns, head injuries
What does the acronym COLD stand for?
keep it clean
avoid overheating
loose clothing/layers
keep clothes dry
What are the ABCs of medical treatment?
Open airway and restore breathing.
Stop the bleeding.
Dress and bandage wounds.
Prevent shock.
What is the treatment for heat cramps?
Move to the shade, loosen/remove clothing, give cool water
How do you stop bleeding?
Field dressing, manual pressure, elevate limb, pressure dressing, tourniquet
What is the single most common cause of airway blockage?
The tongue
What are the signs of heat cramps?
Muscle cramps, excessive sweating
Signs of heat exhaustion?
Clammy skin, headache, muscle cramps, sweating, weakness, nausea, dizziness, chills, rapid breathing, confusion, tingling hands
Signs of heat stroke?
Stops sweating, hot dry skin, fast pulse, headache, dizziness, nausea, weakness, seizures
How should heat stroke be treated?
Immerse in cold water, transport to medical facility
What is shock and why is it dangerous?
Inadequate blood flow to vital organs; can result in death even with less fatal injuries
What is the basic principle when splinting fractures?
Splint them where they lie
Name 5 cold and wet weather injuries.
Frostbite--freezing part of body Hypothermia--low body temp Immersion/trench foot Chillblain--mild frostbite Snow blindness--pain in eyes
Signs of frostbite?
Numbness, white/red skin, blisters, swollen area, feels solid or wooden
Treatment for frostbite?
Skin to skin contact; cover skin; cover with blanket; don’t warm too fast, don’t rub, don’t soak
How do you treat a sucking chest wound?
Cover the area with plastic to stop airflow. Lay casualty injured side down
