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MSK - OMS I > TBL 16 > Flashcards

TBL 16 Flashcards

1
Q

circled / bolded;

knee bones and ligaments

structures that provide stability to knee joint ((locking and unlocking knee))

major complications of knee injury / ligamentous tears / unhappy triad / bursitis / baker cysts / osgood-schlatter disease

location and complications of bone fractures and dislocations in and around knee joint and patella

main nerves, arteries, veins supplying knee joint

location of major bursae of knee and common complications

concept of Q-angle, genu varum, genu valgum

A

what’s within the synovial capsule and which important structures/ligaments are not in the capsule

what happens anatomically if ligament is damaged

know which tests test for which lig tear

location of popliteal pulse

complications of damage to major arteries and nerves

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2
Q

prominences

A

condyles

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3
Q

not directly involved in knee joint

A

fibula

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4
Q

provide proximal attachment for the medial and lateral collateral ligaments of the knee joint

A

epicondyles

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5
Q

the patellar ligament inserts into the

A

tibial tuberosity

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6
Q

articular surfaces of the medial and lateral condyles of the tibia can be referred to as

A

the medial and lateral tibial plateaus

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7
Q

the patella articulates with the

A

patellar surface of the femur

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8
Q

the patella attaches to the ___ by a ___ called the ___

A

tibial tuberosity;
continuation of the quadriceps tendon;
patellar ligament

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9
Q

largest and most complicated joint in the body

A

knee joint

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10
Q

the knee joint is a

A

hinge joint

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11
Q

the knee joint provides

A

hinge movements combined with gliding, rolling, and rotation along a vertical axis

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12
Q

the two main parts of the knee joint include:

A

paired condylar joints between the rounded medial and lateral condyles of the femur above, and the corresponding condyles of the tibia and their cartilaginous menisci below;

joint between the patella and the patellar surface of the femur

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13
Q

the knee joint permits:

A

flexion, extension, and some gliding and rotation in the flexed position of the knee;

full extension is accompanied by medial rotation of the femur on the tibia, pulling all ligaments taut

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14
Q

the stability of the knee joint depends on the

A

strength of the surrounding muscles, specifically the quadriceps femoris

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15
Q

the knee joint is stabilized laterally by the

A

biceps and gastrocnemius (lateral head) tendons,
iliotibial tract,
fibular collateral ligament

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16
Q

the knee joint is stabilized medially by the

A 
sartorius,
gracilis,
gastrocnemius (medial head),
semitendinosus,
semimembranous,
tibial collateral ligament
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17
Q

on the front of the knee joint, the synovial membrane pouches upward beneath the ___, forming the ___

A

quadriceps tendon;

suprapatellar bursa

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18
Q

on each side of the patella, the knee joint capsule is strengthened by the

A

oblique popliteal ligament

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19
Q

behind the knee joint, the capsule is strengthened by expansions from the

A

tendons of vastus lateralis and medialis

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20
Q

an opening in the capsule behind the lateral tibial condyle permits the ___ to emerge

A

tendon of the popliteus

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21
Q

thin fluid filled membrane

A

bursa

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22
Q

lines the inside of the bursa and is filled with synovial fluid and attaches to the margins of the articular surfaces

A

synovial membrane

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23
Q

help reduce friction btwn tendons and bones, or btwn skin and bone

A

bursae and synovial fluid

24
Q

the ___ are within the articular cavity and are covered by synovial fluid

A

menisci

25
Q

the menisci are within the ___ and covered by ___

A

articular cavity;

synovial fluid

26
Q

the ___ are inside the joint capsule but are ___

A

cruciate ligaments and fat pads;

NOT enclosed by synovium

27
Q

the ___ are outside the knee joint capsule

A

medial and lateral collateral ligaments

28
Q

important bursae include:

A

suprapatellar, prepatellar;
deep infrapatellar, subcutaneous infrapatellar;
gastrocnemius, semimembranosus, anserine;
popliteus

29
Q

4 bursae communicate with the ___ of the knee joint:

A

synovial cavity;

suprapatellar (quadriceps) bursa;
popliteus bursa;
anserine bursa;
gastrocnemius bursa

30
Q

bursa located between the femur and quadriceps tendon

A

suprapatellar (quadriceps) bursa

31
Q

bursa located between the lateral tibial condyle and the popliteus tendon

A

popliteus bursa

32
Q

bursa located deep to the tendons of the three muscles (sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus)

A

anserine bursa

33
Q

bursa located deep to the head of the gastrocnemius

A

gastrocnemius bursa

34
Q

the suprapatellar bursa is located

A

between the femur and quadriceps tendon

35
Q

popliteus bursa is located

A

between the lateral tibial condyle and the popliteus tendon

36
Q

anserine bursa is located

A

deep to the tendons of the three muscles (sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus)

37
Q

gastrocnemius bursa is located

A

deep to the head of the gastrocnemius

38
Q

housemaid knee is aka

A

prepatellar bursitis

39
Q

housemaid knee is characterized by

A

swelling and inflammation of the prepatellar bursa

40
Q

housemaid knee is the result of

A

excessive and repeated friction btwn the skin and patella

41
Q

can occur from compressive force due to direct blow or falling on flexed knee

A

prepatellar bursitis (housemaid knee)

42
Q

infrapatellar bursitis is characterized by

A

swelling / edema and inflammation of the infrapatellar bursa

43
Q

subcutaneous infrapatellar bursitis is caused by

A

excessive friction between the skin and tibial tuberosity

44
Q

deep infrapatellar bursitis is caused by

A

overuse and friction btwn the patellar ligament and structures posterior to it (infrapatellar fat pad and tibia)

45
Q

fluid collection anterior to distal insertion of patellar tendon

A

infrapatellar bursitis

46
Q

expanded synovial membrane sac in the popliteal fossa

A

popliteal (Baker) cyst

47
Q

Baker cyst is typically due to

A

chronic joint disease (arthritis) or chronic knee effusion

48
Q

Baker cyst is characterized by

A

herniation of the gastrocnemius / semimebranosus bursa through the fibrous layer of the joint capsule into the popliteal fossa

49
Q

extracapsular ligaments lie ___ and include:

A

outside the joint capsule;

ligamentum patellae (patellar ligament);
oblique popliteal ligament;
lateral (fibular) collateral ligament;
medial (tibial) collateral ligament

50
Q

the lateral and medial collateral ligaments are ___ during extension and are ___ during flexion, allowing ___

A

taut;
relaxed;
rotation for which they serve as check ligaments

51
Q

the patellar ligament attaches superiorly to the ___ and inferiorly to the ___ and is a continuation of the ___

A

lower border of the patella;
tuberosity of the tibia;
central portion of the common tendon of the quadriceps femoris

52
Q

the oblique popliteal ligament is derived from the ___ and strengthens the ___

A

semimembranosus muscle;

posterior aspect of the knee capsule

53
Q

the lateral collateral lig (aka the ___) is cordlike and attaches superiorly to the ___ and inferiorly to the ___ and the ___ intervenes btwn it and the ___

A 
fibular collateral ligament;
lateral condyle of the femur;
head of the fibula;
tendon of the popliteus muscle;
lateral meniscus
54
Q

the medial collateral ligament (aka the ___) attaches superiorly to the ___ and inferiorly to the ___ and is firmly attached to the ___

A

tibial collateral ligament;
medial condyle of the femur;
medial surface of the shaft of the tibia;
edge of the medial meniscus

55
Q

slide 21

A

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MSK - OMS I (11 decks)

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