ILS 8 Flashcards
false pelvis
pelvis major
true pelvis
pelvis minor
region above the pelvic brim or iliopectineal line
pelvis major
region below the pelvic brim
pelvis minor
pelvis major is ___ and pelvis minor is ___
above the pelvic brim;
below the pelvic brim
in the anatomic position, the ___ and ___ are in the same vertical plane
anterior-superior iliac spine (ASIS); pubic tubercles
in the anatomic position, the ASIS and pubic tubercles are in the same ___ plane
vertical
in the anatomic position, the ___ and ___ are in the same horizontal plane
coccyx; upper margin of the pubic symphysis
in the anatomic position, the coccyx and upper margin of the pubic symphysis are in the same ___ plane
horizontal
in the anatomic position, the ___ and ___ are almost parallel
axis of the pelvic cavity that runs through the central point of the inlet and outlet;
curvature of the sacrum
bones of the pelvis include:
coxal (hip bone),
ilium,
ischium,
pubis
the coxal bones (2) are formed by the fusion of the
ischium, ilium, and pubis
the ischium, ilium, and pubis join at the
acetabulum of the hip joint
an incomplete cup-shaped cavity
acetabulum of the hip joint
the acetabulum of the hip joint is a(n)
incomplete cup-shaped cavity
formed by the fusion of the ischium, ilium, and pubis
coxal bones (2)
bones that join at the acetabulum of the hip joint
ischium, ilium, and pubis
the ilium is composed of the
ASIS, AIIS, PIS, greater sciatic notch, iliac fossa, gluteal lines
joins the ilium and superior ramis of the pubis to form the acetabulum
ischium
the ischium joins the ___ to form the ___
ilium and superior ramis of the pubis;
acetabulum
joins the inferior pubic ramus to the form the ischiopubic ramus
ramus of the ischium
form the ischiopubic ramus
ramus of the ischium and inferior pubic ramus
the ramus of the ischium joins the inferior pubic ramus to form the
ischiopubic ramus
the ischium is composed of the
ischial spine,
ischial tuberosity,
lesser sciatic notch
the pubis forms the ___ of the acetabulum and the ___ of the hip bone
anterior part;
anteromedial part
forms the anterior part of the acetabulum and anteromedial part of the hip bone
pubis
the pubis is composed of the
body,
superior ramus,
and inferior pubic ramus
thick ligament connecting the sacrum and coccyx to the inner surface of the ischial tuberosities
sacrotuberous ligaments
extend across the sciatic notches transforming the sciatic notch into sciatic foramina
sacrotuberous ligaments
sacrotuberous ligaments connecting the ___ to the ___ and extend ___, transforming the ___ into the ___
sacrum and coccyx;
inner surface of the ischial tuberosities;
across the sciatic notches;
sciatic notch; sciatic foramina
connects the ischial spine to the lower sacrum and coccyx and separates the lesser and greater sciatic foramina
sacrospinous ligaments
sacrospinous ligaments connect the ___ to the ___ and separates the ___
ischial spine;
lower sacrum and coccyx;
lesser and greater sciatic foramina
pelvic ligaments ___ during the ___ of pregnancy to allow ___
relax;
latter half;
increased movements at the pelvic joints
regions of the lower limb include:
gluteal,
thigh,
leg,
foot
the gluteal region is located
posterolateral and between the iliac crest and gluteal fold
the thigh region is located
between the inguinal ligament, gluteal fold, and the knee joint
the leg region is located
between the knee and ankle joint
the foot region is located
distal to the ankle joint
gluteus maximus is proximally attached to the ___ and distally attached to the ___.
it performs ___ and is innervated by the ___
posterior gluteal line of the ilium, sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament ;
iliotibial band and the gluteal tuberosity of the femur ;
Thigh/hip extension, some lateral rotation, stabilizer ;
Inferior gluteal nerve
gluteus medius is proximally attached to the ___ and distally attached to the ___.
it performs ___ and is innervated by the ___
External surface of ilium ;
Lateral surface of greater trochanter ;
Thigh/hip abductor and medial rotator; critical during swing phase of gait ;
Superior gluteal nerve
gluteus minimus is proximally attached to the ___ and distally attached to the ___.
it performs ___ and is innervated by the ___
External surface of ilium ;
Anterior surface of greater trochanter ;
Thigh/hip abductor and medial rotator; critical during swing phase of gait ;
Superior gluteal nerve
tensor fascia lata is proximally attached to the ___ and distally attached to the ___.
it performs ___ and is innervated by the ___
Anterior superior iliac spine and anterior part of the iliac crest ;
Iliotibial tract which extends all the way to the lateral tibial condyle ;
Weak thigh/hip flexor and abductor (by tensing the IT band) ;
Superior gluteal nerve
superficial muscles of the gluteal region include
gluteus maximus, medius, minimus, tensor fascia lata
deep muscles of the gluteal region include
piriformis, obturator internus, superior gemellus, inferior gemellus, quadratus femoris
piriformis is proximally attached to the ___ and distally attached to the ___.
it performs ___ and is innervated by the ___
Pelvic surface of sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament;
Greater trochanter;
Rotates thigh laterally;
Sacral (S1–S2)
obturator internus is proximally attached to the ___ and distally attached to the ___.
it performs ___ and is innervated by the ___
Ischiopubic rami, obturator membrane;
Greater trochanter;
Abducts and rotates thigh laterally;
Nerve to obturator internus
superior gemellus is proximally attached to the ___ and distally attached to the ___.
it performs ___ and is innervated by the ___
Ischial spine;
Obturator internus tendon;
Rotates thigh laterally;
Nerve to obturator internus
inferior gemellus is proximally attached to the ___ and distally attached to the ___.
it performs ___ and is innervated by the ___
ischial tuberosity;
Obturator internus tendon;
Rotates thigh laterally;
Nerve to quadratus femoris
quadratus femoris is proximally attached to the ___ and distally attached to the ___.
it performs ___ and is innervated by the ___
ischial tuberosity;
Intertrochanteric crest;
Rotates thigh laterally;
Nerve to quadratus femoris
the superficial layer of gluteal muscles are principally
hip extensors, abductors, and medial rotators
many of the important nerves in the gluteal region are in the plane
between the superficial and deep groups of muscles
with the thighs flexed, the gluteus maximus performs
extension of trunk
the gluteus maximus helps
maintain knee joint in extension (via iliotibial tract)
during walking, when the foot of the opposite side is taken off the ground and thrust forward, the ___ steady the ___ on the supporting lower limb
gluteus medius and minimus;
pelvis
during ___, when the patient stands on lower limb on the side of paralysis, the pelvis sinks on the opposite unsupported side
paralysis of the gluteus medius and minimus
critical during swing phase of gait
gluteus minimus
buttocks injection occur in the
upper outer (lateral) quarter of the buttocks
ventrogluteal muscle of the hip
heel of hand on hip, fingers pointed toward the head, thumb pointed toward the groin, index and middle in a V, administer shot in the middle of the V
structures passing through greater sciatic foramen, above the piriformis include:
superior gluteal vessels and nerve
structures passing through lesser sciatic foramen, below the piriformis include:
nerve to obturator internus,
internal pudendal vessels,
pudendal nerve
structures passing through greater sciatic foramen, below the piriformis include:
inferior gluteal vessels and nerve,
sciatic nerve,
posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
thigh is separated into:
anterior (extensor),
posterior (flexor),
lateral (peroneal)
muscles of the anterior compartment include:
iliopsoas,
pectineus,
sartorius,
quadriceps femoris
innervation, blood supply, and actions of the anterior compartment of the thigh include:
innervation: femoral nerve;
blood supply: deep femoral artery;
actions: hip flexion, knee extension
muscles of the medial compartment include:
adductor longus, brevis, magnus; gracilis; obturator externus
innervation, blood supply, and actions of the medial compartment of the thigh include:
innervation: obturator nerve;
blood supply: deep femoral artery and obturator artery;
actions: thigh adduction
muscles of the posterior compartment include:
biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus
innervation, blood supply, and actions of the posterior compartment of the thigh include:
innervation: tibial / common peroneal nerve;
blood supply: deep femoral artery;
actions: leg flexion and medial rotation at knee joint; thigh extension and medial rotation at hip joint;
hamstring strains may ___ part of the ___ attachments of the ___ to the ___
avulse (tear);
proximal tendinous;
hamstrings;
ischial tuberosity
