TB - Pastakia Flashcards
Other clinical notes FYI
- Ethambutol is avoided in ___
- ___ is especially useful in cerebral meningitis due to strong penetration in the CSF
- The addition of ___ reduces mortality in TB meningitis
- The TB regimen recommendations are different in patients living with HIV – please look up the guidelines and factor in drug interactions
- ___ can turn all bodily fluids orange
- INH causes a slower and less acute ___ that progressively gets worse if it isn’t a transient increase, whereas PZA and RIF cause a more acute, fulminant hepatotoxicity
- kids
- PZA
- dexamethasone
- rifampin
- hepatitis
Reasons for non-Adherence
forgetting is #1
Treatment Options for Latent TB
- 3 months ___ + ___ given once weekly
- 4 months ___ given daily
- 3 months ___ + ___ given daily
- isoniazid, rifapentine
- rifampin
- isoniazid, rifampin
Which LTBI medication would you typically
want to avoid or be cautious with in patients
living with HIV?
rifampin
Drug Interactions
____ > rifapentine and rifabutin
rifampin
Forms of Active TB
Drug Susceptible TB
TB strains that are sensitive to the standard first-line agents
Monoresistant TB
TB strains that are sensitive to just one anti-TB drug
Polyresistant TB - TB strains that are resistant to more than one anti-TB drug but not ___ and ___
INH, RIF
Multidrug Resistant (MDR) TB - TB strains that are resistant to ___ and ___
RIF, INH
Extensively drug resistant (XDR) TB - TB strains that are resistant to ___ and ___ + at least one injectable agent (amikacin, kanamycin, or capreomycin) + any of the ___
RIF, INH, FQ
T or F: Resistance in TB is
slightly different than other bacteria
TRUE
- spontaneous mutations develop as bacilli proliferate to > 10^8
Treatment of Drug Susceptible TB
- standard 6 month regimen (RIPE)
- new 4 month treatment (RIMP)
- rifampin, isoniazid, ethambutol, pyrazinamide
- rifapentine, isoniazid, moxifloxacin, pyrazinamide
MDR and XDR TB Treatment
The biggest advancement in care is that oral regimens are demonstrating ___ efficacy to regimens including injection
equivalent
