Taxonomy and Founders Flashcards
Who is credited with making the first microscope? How did they discover the microbial world?
Antonio Van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723); he looked at a drop of water
Philosophers and scientists of past ages thought life arose from 3 processes:
Asexual reproduction, sexual reproduction and from nonliving matter - spontaneous generation (proposed by Aristotle) or abiogenesis
What experiment did Francesco Redi do in 1668 do to disprove spontaneous generation?
Separating maggots from spoiled meat by placing a gauze on top of the container.
What is the Germ Disease?
disease caused by microbes
What experiment provided the basis for the germ disease?
Pasteur’s swan-neck flask experiment
What did Koch realize when he used different petri dishes to grow bacteria? What did he suggest after his realization?
That different bacteria had different visual appearances and different growth requirements; bacteria be divided into species based on their unique properties
How are organisms named and classified? Who first developed it?
Through the taxonomy system; Carolus Linnaeus
Define taxonmy.
The science of classifying and naming organisms.
What did Whittaker proposed adding as the 5th kingdom in 1969?
Adding fungi.
What codes for ribosomal RNA? What can this be used as?
Certain regions of DNA; used to compare all forms of life
List 3 things about rRNA.
rRNA is present in ribosomes and all forms of life have ribosomes; highly conserved in their sequences (not changing much over time); long enough to show a deep view of evolutionary relationships
Woese used rRNA to show what?
That there are organisms that were distinct from Bacteria and Eukarya…Archaea
What are the 3 domains of life?
Bacteria, archaea, eukarya
What is the acronym for all the taxon levels? State the taxons.
Do Kids Play Cards On Fifth Grade Steps; Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
How are organisms named? What are some rules?
Binomial nomenclature; (if hand written) underline both words and capitalize 1st one, (if typed) capitalize 1st word and typed in italics
