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CMS Certified Exam > Tasting > Flashcards

Tasting Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards Certified Sommelier Exam (CMS 2) flashcards
1
Q

A vertical tasting is one where:

A

Several vintages of the same wines are tasted

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2
Q

A horizontal tasting in one where:

A

Several different wines from the same region and vintage are tasted

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3
Q

An industry tasting is one where:

A

Several wines are shown by a winery, broker, or retail establishment

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4
Q

Purple hints in a red wine are signs of:

A

Youth

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5
Q

Sediments in a wine is typically a sign of:

A

Age

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6
Q

As white wines age, they get ____________ in color

A

Darker

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7
Q

As red wines age, they get ______________ in color?

A

Lighter

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8
Q

The amount of pigmentation a red wine has is an indicator:

A

Grape skin thickness

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9
Q

5 thick-skinned red grapes to know:

A

Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Tempranillo, Syrah, Zinfandel

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10
Q

6 thin-skinned red grapes to know:

A

Gamay, Grenache, Malbec, Nebbiolo, Pinot Noir, Sangiovese

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11
Q

9 white grapes to know:

A

Albarino, Chardonnay, Chenin Blanc, Gewurztraminer, Pinot Gris, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Torrontes, Viognier

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12
Q

Describe the acidity and alcohol of warm climate grapes

A

Less acid and more alcohol

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13
Q

Describe the acidity and alcohol of cool climate grapes

A

More acid and less alcohol

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14
Q

Describe age ranges and the corresponding wine colors

A

When it comes to Age range the rule of thumb:

  • 1 to 3 years
  • white: Clear to light straw
  • red: Purple
  • 3 to 5 years
  • White: Yellow
  • Red: Red
  • 5 or More years
  • White: Golden
  • Red: Amber / Brick
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15
Q

Describe the difference between an old world and new world wine

A

Old world wines typically come from a cooler climate, tend to be more earthy and mineral-driven, and the fruit becomes less prominent on the palette

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16
Q

Describe a new world wine

A

Typically made in warmer climates, more fruit-forward, reds aged more in oak

17
Q

How do you determine the quality of a wine?

A
  • the intensity of aroma and flavor
  • complexity of aroma and flavor
  • the finish
18
Q

What is LED Tasting?

A

When you already know something about a wine or its origins before you taste it.

19
Q

What can alter the color of a wine?

A

Bottle Aging
Slow oxidation and color change can occur over time as wines interact with a small amount of dissolved oxygen

  • Barrel Aging
    Oak barrels are watertight but large amounts of oxygen cause rapid oxidation and color change
  • Residual Sugar
    Sweet wines tend to be darker in color because of the residual sugar in them
20
Q

Describe Riesling: Where it’s planted, growing conditions, body, acidity, aging regime and characteristics

A

Regions: Germany, Mosel, Rhein; France, Alsace, Australia, South AUS, Clare Valley, Eden Valley

Preferred Growing Conditions: Does best in cool to cold climates

Body: Ranges from very light when made in a dry style, to think and syrupy when made into a superripe dessert wine

Acidity: Very High

Aging Regime: Stainless Steel

Varietal Characteristics: A Chameleon, translates to the terroir and changes characteristics based on where it is grown. lime, green apple, jasmine, beeswax, petroleum

21
Q

Describe Sauvignon Blanc: Where it’s planted, growing conditions, body, acidity, aging regime and characteristics

A

Regions:
Sancerre, Loire Valley France, Marlborough New Zealand

Growing Conditions: Temperate to Cool Climate

Acidity: Medium to High

Style: Dry

Aging Regime: Either Stainless Steel or Oak, depends on the wine maker. Most French winemakers don’t use Oak, but if used it is a neutral oak

Varietal Characteristics: Grapefruit, tropical fruits, lime, gooseberries, grapefruit, freshly cut green grass, herbs, and cat urine

22
Q

Describe Pinot Gris / Pinot Grigio: Regions, growing conditions, body, acidity, aging regime and characteristics

A

Regions: France, Alsace; Italy, Friuli, Trentino-Alto Adige

Growing Conditions: Temperate to Cool Climates

Body: Light to Medium

Style: Dry

Aging Regime: One type (Pinot Gris)is were usually aged in oak barrels, while the other type (Pinot Grigio) is are usually aged in Stainless Steel

Varietal Characteristics:
-ripe apples, white peaches, lemon zest, cantaloupe, raw almond, cream, crushed gravel

23
Q

Describe Chardonnay: Regions, growing conditions, body, acidity, aging regime and characteristics

A

Regions: France, Burgundy, Chablis/Cote D’or/Maconnais, USA, California, Napa/Sonoma/Central Coast

Growing Conditions: grown in any condition but the best wines are grown in temperate to cool climates

Body: Medium to Full

Acidity: Low to Medium

Style: Dry

Aging Regime: Almost always aged in Oak

Varietal Characteristics:

Old World: Citrus, Green Apple, Olives, Nuts, Minerals

New World: Pears, Apple Pie, Pineapples, Toffee, Butter, Vanilla, Spice

24
Q

Describe Pinot Noir: Regions, growing conditions, body, acidity, aging regime and characteristics

A

Regions: Cote D’or, Burgundy France, Willamette Valley Oregon, Napa Sonoma Central Coast California, Central Otago South Island NZ, Martinborough North Island NZ

Growing Conditions: Temperate to Cool Climates

Body: Light to Medium

Acidity: Medium to High

Thin-skinned grape

Tannins: Low

Style: Dry

Varietal Characteristics:
Cranberries, cherries, hibiscus, rose petal, wet earth, potting soil, mushroom, tobacco, leather, smoke, spice, and barnyard

25
Q

Describe Syrah (France) / Shiraz (Australia) : Regions, growing conditions, body, acidity, aging regime and characteristics

A

Regions: Northern Rhone France, South, Western, Victoria Australia, Napa, Sonoma, Central Coast California

Growing Conditions: Warm to Hot Climates

Body: Medium

Acidity: Medium to Low

Medium to thick skinned grape

Tannins: Moderate

Style:Dry

Varietals:

French Style: Blackberries, blueberries, black plum, milk chocolate, tobacco, leather, black pepper, smoke, and meaty/gamey

26
Q

Merlot: Regions, growing conditions, body, acidity, aging regime and characteristics

A

Regions: France (Bordeaux right bank) Pomerol, St Emilion, Napa/Sonoma California

Climate: Does best in temperate to warm climates

Body: Medium to Full

Acidity: Low

Thick skinned grape

Tannins: Moderate to High

Style: Dry

Varietal Characteristics:
France: Blueberries, black cherries, plum, chocolate, bay leaf, spice, cedar, and Vanilla

27
Q

Cabernet Sauvignon: Regions, growing conditions, body, acidity, aging regime and characteristics

A

Regions: Bordeaux France, left bank, Napa/Sonoma California, Central Valley Chile, South/Western Australia

Growing Conditions: best grown in temperate to warm climates

Body: Full

Acidity: Low to Medium

Thick skinned grape

Tannins: High

Style: Dry

Varietal Characteristics:

French Style: Black Currants, Plum, black cherries, mint, bell pepper, cedar, vanilla, and musty/wet dog, Anise, Tobacco Leaf, Pencil Lead

Parents are Cabernet Franc and Sauvignon Blanc

28
Q

Albariño: Regions, growing conditions, body, acidity, aging regime and characteristics

A

Alias: Alvarinho (Portugal)

Regions: Spain, Rias Baxias

Color: Pale straw

Aged: Stainless Steel

Body: light

Style: Dry

Acidity: High

Varietal Characteristics: lemon zest, grapefruit, honeydew, nectarine, saline, grassy notes, sometimes a subtle bitter note of green almonds/citrus pith

29
Q

Chenin Blanc: Regions, growing conditions, body, acidity, aging regime and characteristics

A

Alias: Steen (South Africa)

Regions: France, Loire Valley, Savennières/Vouvray, Loire Valley

  • aged in oak (minimum amount of time)
  • quince, yellow apple, pear, chamomile, honey
30
Q

Gamay: Regions, growing conditions, body, acidity, aging regime and characteristics

A

Regions: Beajoulais, France

Thin-skinned grape

Produces light, fruity red wines that often exhibit floral notes. Pomegranate, blackberry, violet, peony, potting soil

  • produces a wine call Beaujolais Nouveau, which is a short lived wine, extremely soft and is released once a year to celebrate the French harvest season
31
Q

Gewürztraminer: Regions, growing conditions, body, acidity, aging regime and characteristics

A

Regions: France, Alsace

Highly aromatic, intensely floral, rose, lychee, grapefruit, tangerine, ginger, cantalope, pineapple, peach

Style: Dry, slightly sweet table wines, or sweet desert wines

32
Q

Grenache: Regions, growing conditions, body, acidity, aging regime and characteristics

A

Regions: Rhone Valley (Gigondas, Chateneuf du Pape) France, South Australia

Thin-skinned grape

Stewed Strawberry, grilled plum, leather, dried herbs, blood orange

33
Q

Malbec: Regions, growing conditions, body, acidity, aging regime and characteristics

A

Regions: Mendoza Argentina

Medium-thin skinned grape that produces deeply, colored, dense, structures red wines with flavors of dark fruits.

red plum, blackberry, vanilla, sweet tobacco, cocoa

bright magenta rim and opaque purple color.

34
Q

Nebbiolo: Regions, growing conditions, body, acidity, aging regime and characteristics

A

Meaning: Little Fog

Regions: Barolo, Barbaresco, Piedmont Italy

Medium skinned grape

tar, cherry, rose, licorice, violets, prunes, figs, leather, anise, clay pot

35
Q

Sangiovese: Regions, growing conditions, body, acidity, aging regime and characteristics

A

Alias:
- Brunello: used in production of Brunello di Montalcino

Regions: Tuscany, Italy: Chianti, Brunello di Montalcino

Meaning: Blood of Jupiter

Thin to medium skinned grape

  • Main grape used in Chianti and Chianti Classico
  • Also the base wine for the Super Tuscans
  • Tend to be more acidic than they are tannic
    Varietal Characteristics: red fruit flavors, clay and wet earth
36
Q

Tempranillo: Regions, growing conditions, body, acidity, aging regime and characteristics

A

Alias:

  • Tinto de Toro - Rueda, Spain
  • Tinto Fino - Ribera del Duero, Spain

Regions: Spain, Rioja, Ribera del Duero

Thick skinned grape

  • Top producing red grape in Spain
  • Long Lived, with intense structure

Aging: Oak

Varietal: cherry, earth, dried fig, cedar, tobacco, dill

37
Q

Torrontès: Regions, growing conditions, body, acidity, aging regime and characteristics

A

Torronetès Riojano - Salta

Regions: Argentina, Salta/Catamarca, Mendoza

  • Aromatic, perfumed white grape
  • Rarely aged in Oak
  • Meyer lemon, peach, rose petal, geranium, citrus zest
38
Q

Viognier: Regions, growing conditions, body, acidity, aging regime and characteristics

A

Main region: France, Rhone Valley, Condrieu

Body: Full and Powerful. Oily!

Alcohol: High

Varietal Characteristics: aromatic when fully ripened, peach flavor, apricot, and honeysuckle aromas, floral, stone fruits, tangerine, mango, honeysuckle, rose

39
Q

Zinfandel: Regions, growing conditions, body, acidity, aging regime and characteristics

A

Main Regions: Napa/Sonoma/Paso Robles CA

Acidity: Medium - Medium High

Tannins: Medium - Medium High

Thick skinned grape

Fruit Flavors: Raspberry, Black Cherry, Blueberry, Black Currant, Black Plum, Raisin, Fig, Apricot, Cranberry Jam, Jammy / Brambly Fruit

Other Aromas: Licorice, Star Anise, Smoke, Black Pepper, Black Cardamom, Vanilla, Coconut, Nutmeg, Peach Yogurt, Mocha, Burnt Sugar, Coffee, Cinnamon, Clove, Tobacco, Fresh Sawdust

CMS Certified Exam (45 decks)

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