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CMS Certified Exam > Italy: Northern Italy > Flashcards

Italy: Northern Italy Flashcards

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1
Q

8 regions of northern italy

A 
Liguria
Piedmont
Valle d'Aosta
Lombardy
Trentino-Alto Adige
Veneto
Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Emilia-Romagna
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2
Q

What are the white grapes of Piedmont?

A

Moscato
Cortese
Arneis
Timorasso

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3
Q

What are the soils of Piedmont?

A

Limestone and sandstone

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4
Q

What are the red grapes of Piedmont?

A

Nebbiolo
Barbera
Dolcetto
Brachetto

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5
Q

What are the 2 most important DOCGs of Piedmont?

A

Barolo DOCG

Barbaresco DOCG

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6
Q

Besides Barolo and Barbaresco, what 4 other DOCGs are of importance in Piedmont?

A

Moscato d’Asti/Asti DOCG
Barbera d’Asti DOCG
Gavi DOCG
Brachetto d’Acqui DOCG

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7
Q

What are the aging requirements for Barolo DOCG?

A

38 months total aging

at least 18 of those 38 months must be in oak

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8
Q

What are the aging requirements of Barbaresco DOCG?

A

26 months total aging

at least 9 of those 26 months must be in oak

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9
Q

What are the similarities and differences between Moscato d’Asti and Asti?

A

same grape, Moscato but Moscato d’Asti = sweeter than Asti, frizzante
Asti = off-dry, spumante, can also be made metodo classico

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10
Q

What is the grape in Barbera d’Asti DOCG?

What style of wine is Barbera d’Asti?

A

Barbera

Dry, still, red wine

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11
Q

What is the grape in Gavi DOCG?

What style of wine is Gavi?

A

Cortese

Dry, still, white wines

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12
Q

What is the grape in Brachetto d’Acqui DOCG?

What style of wine is Brachetto d’Acqui?

A

Brachetto

Sweet, sparkling pale red wines

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13
Q

What 3 lakes in Lombardy do you need to know?

A

Lago di Como (near Valtellina)
Lago d’Iseo (near Franciacorta)
Lago di Garda (shared with Veneto)

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14
Q

What are the white grapes of Lombardy?

A

Chardonnay

Pinot Bianco

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15
Q

What are the red grapes of Lombardy?

A

Pinot Nero

Nebbiolo

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16
Q

What are the 2 most important DOCGs of Lombardy?

A

Franciacorta DOCG

Valtellina Superiore DOCG

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17
Q

What are the grapes allowed to be used in Franciacorta DOCG?

A

Chardonnay
Pinot Bianco
Pinot Nero

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18
Q

What is the grape allowed in Valtellina Superiore DOCG and what is the style?

A

Nebbiolo vinified dry (in oak, new and/or used)

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19
Q

What are the 3 main white grapes of Trentino-Alto Adige?

A

Pinot Grigio
Pinot Bianco
Sauvignon Blanc

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20
Q

What are the 2 main red grapes of Trentino-Alto Adige?

A

Merlot

Lagrein

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21
Q

What are the 2 main DOCs of Trentino-Alto Adige?

A

Trentino DOC

Alto Adige DOC

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22
Q

What major/larger Veneto DOCs and DOCG do you need to know for this exam?

A

Soave DOC
Prosecco DOC
Valpolicella DOC
Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG

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23
Q

In Soave DOC, name the:

grape
style of wine
superior sub-zone that’s a DOCG

A

Garganega (pronounced gar-GAH-nuh-guh)
Dry, still, white wines
Soave Superiore DOCG

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24
Q

In Prosecco DOC, name the:

grape
style of wine
superior sub-zone that’s a DOCG

A

Glera
Sparkling wine made Tank Method (Charmat)
Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG

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25
Q

In Valpolicella DOC, name the:

grapes
style of wine
superior sub-zone that’s a DOC

A

Corvina + Rondinella
Dry, still, red wines
Valpolicella Classico DOC

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26
Q

What are the grapes in Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG?

A

Corvina (primary)

Rondinella

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27
Q

What particular process is used in the vinification of Amarone della Valpolicella?

A

Appassimento process: Drying out the grapes after harvest for several weeks, allowing the grapes to develop concentrated, dried-fruit characteristics and aromas of oxidation

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28
Q

To what level of sweetness is Amarone della Valpolicella vinified? What’s the ABV?

A

Dry to off-dry, 14-16%

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29
Q

How would you describe Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG?

A

Full bodied
High alcohol
Usually off-dry (though some are dry)
Flavors of concentrated, dried fruits

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30
Q

What are the top white grapes in Friuli-Venezia Giulia?

A

Pinot Grigio
Sauvignon (they drop the “Blanc” here)
Friulano

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31
Q

What is the most planted red grape in Friuli-Venezia Giulia?

A

Merlot

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32
Q

What is Emilia-Romagna’s most famous DOC?

A

Lambrusco DOC

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33
Q

In Lambrusco DOC:

grape
style
sweetness levels

A

Lambrusco grape
sparkling red made Tank Method (Charmat), can be either frizzante or spumante
Dry (Secco) or off-dry (Amabile)

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34
Q

Two main hills of Piedmont

A

Langhe

Monferrato

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35
Q

This region in Italy has the most DOC zones in Italy with over 40

A

Piedmont

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36
Q

The Cuneo Province is home to what two famous DOCGs

A

Barolo, Barbaresco

37
Q

What is the wine of kings?

A

Barolo

38
Q

What is the wine of queens?

A

Barbaresco

39
Q

The largest DOCG producer of wine in Italy

A

Asti

40
Q

What are the two central provinces for Lambrusco?

A

Modena

Reggio

41
Q

What goes with Lambrusco

A

Pork dishes

42
Q

What are the DOCs of Emila Romagna

A

Lambrusco DOC

Albana di Romagna DOCG

43
Q

What is the German name of Alto Adige

A

Südtirol

44
Q

The most important red grape in Trentino - Alto Adige

A

Schiava

45
Q

What are the name of the special lofts used for the appassimento process

A

Fruttai

46
Q

For an Amarone to reach Riserva status how many years must it age

A

4 years

47
Q

What are the main DOCS and DOCGs of Veneto

A

Valpolicella DOC

Amarone della Valpolicella DOC

Recioto della Valpolicella DOC

Pinot Grigio DOC

Prosecco DOC

Soave DOC

Soave Superiore DOCG

Recioto di Soave DOCG

48
Q

What is the main white grapes of Friuli

A

Pinot Grigio

Sauvignon - (Sauvignon Blanc)

Friulano

49
Q

What is the main red grape of Friuli

A

Merlot

50
Q

What are the most famous DOC zones of Friuli

A

Collio DOC

Colli Orientali del Friuli DOC

51
Q

Major bodies of water in Piedmont

A

Po River, Tanaro River, Ligurian sea

52
Q

Soil of piedmont

A

Alluvial in the plains, calcareous marl, sandstone, clay and sand

53
Q

Barolo soil

A

calcerous marl, sandstone

54
Q

First wine made from Nebbiolo in the 17th century

A

Chiaretto

55
Q

Who is Angelo Gaja?

A

Modernized barbaresco in 1961

56
Q

What are the two winemaker preferences of Barolo and Barbaresco?

A

Can be divided into the traditionalists, who favor longer macerations and large oak aging (Giacomo Conterno) vs the modernists with shorter macerations and new oak aging (Angelo Gaja)

57
Q

How many DOCGs and DOCs in Piedmont?

A

18 DOCGs and 41 DOCs

58
Q

What is Sori?

A

A top, south-facing vineyard site

59
Q

Aging requirements for Barolo and Barolo Riserva

A

Barolo: 38 months total, 18 in wood. Riserva: 62 months total, 18 months in wood

60
Q

Aging requirements for Barbaresco and Barbaresco Riserva

A

Barbaresco: 26 months total, 9 months in wood

Barbaresco Riserva: 50 months total, 9 months in wood

61
Q

Describe Barbera d’Asti DOCG

A 
In Piedmont. reds from Barbera, can be Superiore, and Superiore con indicazione
della sottozona (with indication of subzone).
62
Q

List the Dolcetto DOCGs

A

Dogliani, Dolcetto d’Ovada Superiore, Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba DOCGs: all for red wines
from Dolcetto

63
Q

Describe Gavi DOCG

A

In Piedmont. whites from Gavi, still dry white, frizzante, and fully sparkling. Can be Riserva.

64
Q

Describe Moscato d’Asti and Asti DOCGs:

A

In Piedmont. dry sparkling (Asti, fermented by Charmat method), semisparkling (Moscato d’Asti), and late harvest “vendemmia tardiva.”

65
Q

Describe Alta Langa DOCG:

A

In Piedmont. Fully sparkling white and rosé wines made in the traditional method
from Chardonnay and Pinot Noir.

66
Q

Describe Brachetto d’Aqui DOCG:

A

In Piedmont. Brachetto d’Aqui DOCG: Rosato and red sweet slightly sparkling wines from Brachetto

67
Q

Major Villages of Piedmont

A

Major Villages: Alba, Asti, Turin

68
Q

5 main communes of Barolo

A

Barolo, Castiglione Falletto, Serralunga d’Alba, Monforte

d’Alba, La Morra

69
Q

3 main communes of Barbaresco:

A

Barbaresco, Neive, Treiso

70
Q

seven subzones Valle d’Aosta

A

seven subzones: Arnad-Montjovet, Blanc de Morgex et de la Salle, Chambave,
Donnas, Enfer d’Arvier, Nus, and Torrette

71
Q

Valle d’Aosta: Describe geography, wine styles, DOC, subzones, grape varieties.

A

The Valle d’Aosta is an idyllic mountain valley that grows grapes similarly to Piemonte.
Because of its elevation, the wines tend to be lighter and higher in acid. It is a true continental
climate and its vineyards are located on the Dora Baltea river. There is only one DOC (Valle
d’Aosta) with seven subzones: Arnad-Montjovet, Blanc de Morgex et de la Salle, Chambave,
Donnas, Enfer d’Arvier, Nus, and Torrette. The main white varietals are Blanc de Morgex,
Müller-Thurgau, Pinot Grigio, Chardonnay, Petite Arvine, and Moscato. Petit Rouge and
Picotendro (Nebbiolo) are the main indigenous varieties with Gamay, Pinot Noir and Merlot
also planted. Still white, rosé, and red, and late harvest wines are produced.

72
Q

Describe Franciacorta DOCG

A

Franciacorta DOCG: Traditional method sparkling wines from Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, and
Pinot Blanc. Styles include Blanc, Rosé, Satèn (sparkling wine made from all-white grapes
and bottled at less than 5 atmospheres of pressure), Millesimato (vintage), and Riserva

73
Q

Franciacorta aging requirements for Franciacorta, Franciacorta Saten and Rose, Franciacorta Millesimato, and Franciacorta Riserva

A

Franciacorta: Minimum 18 months on the lees after tirage, 25 months total.
Franciacorta Satèn & Rosé: Minimum 24 months on the lees after tirage, 31 months
total. Both styles may also be Millesimato or Riserva.
Franciacorta Millesimato: Minimum 30 months on the lees after tirage, 37 months
total.
Franciacorta Riserva: Minimum 60 months on the lees after tirage, 67 months total.

74
Q

Describe Valtellina Superiore DOCG:

A

In Lombardy. Dry reds from Chiavennasca (Nebbiolo). Can be Riserva and labeled with a subzone. May be labeled as Stagafassli if bottled in Switzerland. Wines need to be aged for 24 months, and 3 years for Riserva

75
Q

Describe Sforzato di Valtellina DOCG:

A

In Lombardy. Dry wine from dried Nebbiolo grapes. Minimum 14% abv, with high tannins

76
Q

Liguria elevator pitch

A

Liguria is known for its quaffable beach wines. It has a Mediterranean climate and its biggest influence is the Ligurian sea. There are no DOCGs in this region, and the most notable DOCs are Cinque Terre: dry and sweet wines from Bosco and Vermentino; Colli di Luni: whites from Vermentino and Trebbiano, reds from Sangiovese; Riviera Ligure di Ponente: varietally labeled
dry to sweet whites from Vermentino, Pigato, and Moscato, and dry to sweet reds from
Rossese.

77
Q

Emilia Romagna elevator pitch

A

Emilia Romagna produces easy-drinking, food-friendly wines. It lies in the fertile plains of Po
River Valley and is a continental climate with Mediterranean influences from the Adriatic sea.
The two DOCGs of Albana Romana (dry to sweet white wines from Albana), and Colli
Bolognesi Classico Pignoletto (dry still and sparkling wines from Pignoletto) are rarely found
in the United States and vary in quality. The most promising wines of this region are from the
Lambrusco grape with four DOCs (Lambrusco Grasparossa di Castelvetro, Lambrusco di
Sorbara, and Lambrusco Salamino di Santa Croce) where wines are frizzante and can range
from a light rosé to a dark purple and can be one dry or slightly sweet. These wines are
making a resurgence because of their versatility in pairing with food and light tannins

78
Q

List the four Lambrusco DOCs

A

Lambrusco Grasparossa di Castelvetro, Lambrusco di

Sorbara, and Lambrusco Salamino di Santa Croce

79
Q

Trentino Alto Adige elevator pitch

A

This region is the capital of varietally labeled wines from a mass of local and international
varieties. This is actually two regions following a valley north to south. It is extremely
mountainous and borders both Switzerland and Austria. The climate is alpine-continental
and because of the cool climate, white varieties do well here. Lake Garda is the biggest body
of water here and the region follows the Adige River. This region has gone between Austria
and Italy for generations and has much influence from both including sharing grape
varietals and winemaking techniques. There are no DOCGs here but there are DOCs that
produce good quality wine. Trentino and Alto Adige both have their own encompassing
AOCs that make every style of wine. There is also the delle Venezie DOC that umbrellas
Trentino-Alto Adige and the Veneto and is where much of Italy’s mass-market wines come
from. The most important DOCs are the Casteller DOC which makes dry red wines from
Schiava, Merlot, and Lambrusco; Lago di Caldero DOC which makes dry to sweet red wines
from Schiava; and Teroldego Rotaliano DOC which makes dry red and rosé from Teroldego

80
Q

Veneto elevator pitch

A

This region reaches all the way up to Austria and down to the Adriatic sea. Numerous rivers
including the Adige and Piave cut through the subregions here on their way to the ocean
and Lake Garda is a big area for grape growing. The climate starts as continental and moves
into Mediterranean. The Veneto and the wines of Valpolicella especially gain fame for a style
of winemaking that includes drying grapes into raisins until they lose much of their
moisture, creating wines that are big, rich, and can be white or red, sweet or dry. The fruit is
dried for a minimum of three months, and the process is time-consuming and expensive.
The main red grape here is Corvina, for whites, it is Garganega, Trebbiano, Pinot Grigio, as
well as a host of both red and white international varieties. The Veneto has both incredible
and mediocre wines, with larger umbrella DOCs feeding into lower quality market wines.
This is also the home of Prosecco made from the Glera grape. Prosecco can still be
mediocre, but new regulations and single vineyard wines are raising the reputation and
quality of the wines. T

81
Q

Describe Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG:

A

Veneto. Dry to semi-dry wine from dried Corvina and
Rondinella grapes. This region has a historical center called “Classico.” There is also a
subzone, Valpantina. Minimum 14% abv, aging is a minimum 2 years, Riserva is a
minimum of 4.

82
Q

Describe Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG:

A

Veneto. Sweet red wine made from Corvina and Rondinella in

the Amarone style. Can be still or sparkling, and labeled with Classico or Valpantena

83
Q

Valpolicella DOC:

A

Veneto. Dry red wine from Corvina and Rondinella. Same area as Amarone, can
be regular, Classico, Valpantina, and Superiore.

84
Q

Valpolicella Ripasso DOC:

A

Veneto. Ripasso is when a wine is run through the spent skins of an
Amarone fermentation. This adds body and richness to the wine. Dry red wine from
Corvina and Rondinella.

85
Q

Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG:

A

Veneto. Dry to sweet sparkling wine from Glera
made in the Charmat method. Can be still, Frizzante, Spumante Superiore, or have a
“rive,” a single vineyard on the label. This is considered the highest quality DOCG for
Prosecco

86
Q

Recioto di Soave DOCG:

A

Veneto: Dry to semi-sweet white wine made from Garganega. Can be
sparkling or Classico

87
Q

Soave Superiore DOCG:

A

Veneto: Dry white wines from Garganega. Can be Classico and Riserva.

88
Q

Fruili-Venezia Giulia elevator pitch

A

This region is tucked between Austria, Slovenia, and the Adriatic sea. It is a Mediterranean
climate and shares similar varieties and a long wine-growing history with Slovenia. There are
numerous DOCs and DOCGs with the best quality usually coming from DOCs and based on
dry, high acid white wines. These wines can be fermented in stainless steel to keep their
varietal characteristics, or some will have skin contact or be barrel-aged to add richness. This
is still a big area for Pinot Grigio and other international varieties, but the local varieties of
Malvasia, Traminer, Ribolla Gialla, Ramandolo, Picolit, and Friulano are delicious and unique.
For reds, local grapes including Pignolo, Refosco, and Schioppettino all tend to make spicy,
medium-bodied wines. All styles of wine are made here including Prosecco.

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