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CMS Certified Exam > New Zealand > Flashcards

New Zealand Flashcards

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1
Q

In what year were the first vines planted in New Zealand?

A

1819

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2
Q

Who was the first to make wine in New Zealand, and when?

A

James Busby in 1836.

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3
Q

Why didn’t New Zealand wine really take off until the 1990s?

A

Several setbacks, including:

phylloxera, early 20th century
temperance movement, 1910-1919
economic depression, 1929-1938
wine not allowed for sale in restaurants until 1960
wine not allowed for sale in supermarkets until 1990

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4
Q

Mass planting in New Zealand took off in what decade?

A

1990s

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5
Q

What are the 2 main white grapes of New Zealand?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

Chardonnay

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6
Q

What are the 4 main red grapes of New Zealand?

A

Pinot Noir
Cabernet Sauvignon
Syrah
Merlot

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7
Q

Much like Australia, New Zealand’s winemakers are innovators and forward-thinking.

Give 3 examples of their modern mindset.

A

Viticulture (mechanical harvesting)
Winemaking is clean, modern, precise
Screwcap Wine Seal Initiative 2001

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8
Q

What are the 3 biggest GIs of New Zealand?

A

New Zealand GI
North Island GI
South Island GI

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9
Q

What are the 4 regions to know on New Zealand’s North Island?

A

Auckland
Wairarapa
Gisborne
Hawke’s Bay

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10
Q

Run through Auckland’s:

location
grapes

A

Northern tip of North Island

Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot

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11
Q

Run through Wairarapa’s:

location
grapes

A

Southernmost part of North Island

Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Noir

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12
Q

What is the important subregion of Wairarapa?

What grape is it known for?

A

Martinborough

Pinot Noir

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13
Q

Run through Gisborne’s:

location
grapes

A

North Island

Chardonnay, Pinot Gris

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14
Q

Run through Hawke’s Bay’s:

location
grapes

A

North Island
Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc
Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah

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15
Q

Which wine region on the North Island has the driest climate?

A

Hawke’s Bay

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16
Q

What is the important subregion of Hawke’s Bay?

A

Gimblett Gravels

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17
Q

What is important about the Gimblett Gravels subregion?

A

Warmer inland area
Gravelly soils which aren’t found elsewhere in Hawke’s Bay. Omahu Soil deposited in the area by the Ngaruroro River
Has an excellent reputation for making premium reds: Syrah and Bordeaux-style red blends from Cab Sauv + Merlot

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18
Q

What are the 3 regions to know on New Zealand’s South Island?

A

Marlborough
Canterbury
Central Otago

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19
Q

Run through Marlborough’s:

location
grapes

A

Northern tip of South Island

Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Noir

20
Q

Which region on the South Island is seeing the fastest growth?

A

Canterbury

21
Q

Run through Canterbury’s:
Location
Grapes

A

Between Marlborough and Central Otago on the east side of the South Island, facing the Pacific.

Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Noir

22
Q

Run through Central Otago’s:
Location
Grapes

A

Southernmost wine region on the South Island. Some vineyards are planted below the 45th parallel, making them some of the world’s most southern-planted grapes.

Pinot Noir

23
Q

New Zealand’s wine region highest in altitude is:

A

Central Otago

24
Q

Two best districts in Auckland for wine are?

A

Kumeu - Huapai

Waiheke Island

25
Q

What country has the eastern most Vineyards in the world?

A

New Zealand

26
Q

What’s a Stelvin closure?

A

A screwcap

27
Q

What’s special about NZ’s location? And how does that affect grape growing?

A

Being this far south offers long days with moderate temperatures and an extended growing season. Rot and mildew can be a problem in the rainier locations, and the more humid locations on the North Island. But New Zealand is closer to the “ozone hole” over Antarctica and this increases the levels of UV light over the country. Grapes can “burn” here if growers are not careful and this increase in UV rays produces thicker
skins and higher concentrations in the
wines, without all the high sugar and
potential alcohol. So Sauvignon Blanc here
will maintain a higher pyrazine threshold
here even at full ripeness, and Pinot Noir
will have more color and slightly more
tannins but will have the same flavor
profile as Burgundy

28
Q

When were the first GIs official in NZ? Name 3.

A

In 2017 the first GIs were registeredl. New Zealand GI, North Island GI, South Island GI

29
Q

Name the major and minor white varieties of NZ

A

Major: Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay
Minor: Pinot Gris, Riesling, Gewürztraminer

30
Q

Name the major and minor red varieties of NZ

A

Major: Pinot Noir, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot
Minor: Syrah, Malbec

31
Q

What is the climate of the north island?

A

Sub-tropical and humid in the north, maritime in the south

32
Q

What is the climate of the south island?

A

To the north is a cool maritime, while Marlborough and Canterbury
experience a dryer and warmer maritime climate due to the rainshadow effect. Central
Otago is continental due to the same rainshadow effect of the Southern Alps.

33
Q

Soil of the North Island

A

North Island: Greywacke gravel, sandy loam, silt, and clay

34
Q

Soil of the South Island

A

Gravel, alluvial, sand, mica, and schist. Limestone in Waitaki.

35
Q

What’s special about 1985?

A

Cloudy Bay releases its first Sauvignon Blanc, bringing international acclaim to New
Zealand wines

36
Q

Talk about the pull vine scheme.

A

In 1986: New Zealand vine pull scheme to replace low-quality vines with high-quality vines.

37
Q

What are winemaker preferences for red wines from the north island?

A

Red wines from the north island tend to be more Bordeaux-like with less new French oak.

38
Q

What are winemaker preferences for white wines from the north island?

A

White wines tend to be slightly tropical with some oak use and high acidity

39
Q

What are winemaker preferences for sauvignon blanc in NZ?

A

Sauvignon Blanc here will showcase a mix of rip and underripe (mainly high pyrazines) and
will be fermented in stainless steel tanks at cool temperatures to maintain these intense
characteristics of gooseberry, jalapeno pepper, and fresh-cut grass

40
Q

Winemaker preferences for Pinot Noir in Central Otago?

A

Pinot Noir in Central Otago will have a darker color and a density of fruit, but not necessarily overly ripe. Winemakers cater to this and work to maintain balance in the red fruit flavors, earth notes, and tannins. Wines are usually aged in a mix of used and new French oak, and balanced.

41
Q

Major vineyards/producers in Hawke’s Bay

A

Trinity Hill Homage Syrah, Hawke’s Bay

Te Mata Coleraine Merlot, Hawke’s Bay

42
Q

Major vineyard/producer in Martinborough

A

Ata Rangi Pinot Noir, Martinborough

43
Q

Major vineyard/producer in Marlborough

A

Cloudy Bay Sauvignon Blanc, Marlborough

44
Q

Major vineyard/producer in Canterbury

A

Bell Hill Pinot Noir and Chardonnay, Canterbury

45
Q

Major vineyard/producer in Central Otago

A

Felton Road Block 3 Pinot Noir, Central Otago

CMS Certified Exam (45 decks)

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