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Man and Machine > Task 7 > Flashcards

Task 7 Flashcards

1
Q

What was aristole view on emotion ?

A
  • Emotion play a useful tool interaction with other
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2
Q

What was the stoic perspective on emotions ?

A
  • Considerd emotion as a threat to reason
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3
Q

What was david hume persepctive on emotions ?

A
  • Against stoic perspective

- Emotion is key for emotions

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4
Q

What was herbet simons persepctive on emotions ?

A
  • argued that emotions served a critical function in intelligent behavior
  • Is the power to shift between goals
  • emotions prime perceptions and response patterns
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5
Q

How is the todays perspective of emotion ?

A
  • neurological deficits in emotion processing lead to deficits in decision making
  • Support Hume
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6
Q

What is the power of computational modeling ?

A
  • It can asnwer “what if question”

- it studies complex sysetms via computer simulation

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7
Q

What are some benefits of computational modeling ?

A
  • it creates a better understanding on the basis of conceptual lvl
  • leads to better understanding of emotion theories since u have to reformulate the a theory into a detailed computer function
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8
Q

How does the conceptual model of theories become clearer regardind computational model ?

A
  • Exposing implicit assumption and hidden complexities
  • It also makes language of emotional theories clear
  • It can also leads to fast and better predictions since it can oversome ethical issues
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9
Q

What are fundamental challenges in computational model of human emotions ?

A
  • Model needs to know how emotion arises over range of conditions (physical or complex social situations)
  • needs to identfy how long does it take for emotions to arise (seconds or days)
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10
Q

Explain the computationl model based on the example with the dove ?

A
  • a dove flew into an open window during a improvisational session with actors to record their use of nonverbal behavior
    1. Flew in and wanted out but hit the wall
    1. Based on sound actors reaction started
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11
Q

How long did the emotional reaction in the dove experiment last ? (Also name the number of emotional stages)

A
  • 2.6 seconds
  • Interpretation evolved from fight to helping the bird
  • 5-6 emotional stages
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12
Q

What were the conclusions of the experiment withe the dove ?

A
  • emotion’s function in interrupting and re-prioritizing cognition (simon)
  • Emotions are multi-agent system
  • Interpretation of event evolved because perceptual and inferential processes requiring time since new knowledge comes into play
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13
Q

What is meant by Emotions are multi-agent system ?

A
  • emotions are build up on interacting components
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14
Q

What are key components which each emotional theory must explain ?

A
  • What belongs to an emotion (cognition, process)
  • What is the relationship between components of emotions ? ( Do they run in parallel or Step by step)
  • Have a clear reprensentaonal distinction (are emotions of natural kind of just linguistic fiction
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15
Q

Name the three categorize of human emotion theories:

A
  • Discrete theories of emotion
  • Dimensional theories of emotion
  • Appraisal theories of emotion
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16
Q

Explain the discrete theory of emotion in dept:

A
  • there is a limited number of core emotions that are biologically determined + their expression is shared across people and cultures
  • distinct neural cicuit for each emotion
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17
Q

Explain the dimensional theory of emotion in depth:

A
  • emottions are not distinct rather they could be put on a continioued
  • no discret circuits (No brain region for specific brain region)
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18
Q

Explain the appraisal theory of emotion in depth:

A
  • emotions arise from a process of comparing individual needs to external demands (also called person enviorment relationship)
  • The PER is characterized in terms of criteria (also called appraisal varaibles)
  • The result of appraisal varaibles -> are then put into a emotion
  • key component are inferential processes and appraisal
19
Q

Namer the appraisal variables/criterais of PER?

A
  • Who caused the event ?
  • What power to I have over the unfolding of the situation ?
  • Is the event desirable ?
20
Q

What is meant by inferential processes and how is that linked to emotions ?

A
  • individual must engage in expensive cognitive inference before responding emotionally to some stimuli
  • “perceptions/planing”
  • only found in appraisal theories
21
Q

What is the nae of the model which they came up with after dove experiment ?

A
  • EMA ( (Emotion and Adaption) Model
22
Q

What emotional theory does the EMA follow and explain the how it views inferences and appraisal:

A
  • Uses the appraisal theory
  • Appraisal and inferences are distinct processes but operate on the same mental representation
  • Appraisal process that assesses the representation is always fast, parallel and automatically
  • but inference might be slow or fast
23
Q

What is another name for the person enviorment relationship ?

A
  • Causal interpretation
24
Q

What does a computational model of an appraisal theory consist of ?

A
  • It needs a
    1. appraisal-derivation process
    2. Emotional derivation model
    3. set of behavioral consequence
25
Q

Explain the appaisal derivation process:

A
  1. affective summary of the person enviormental relation contents
  2. interprets the representation of the person-environment relationship to produce appraisal varaibles via building a appraisal frame
26
Q

Explain the term of person enviormental relation more in depth:

A
  • how the agents relates to the environment -> build on beliefs, desires, intentions, plans
  • All based on current knowledge
  • changes from moment to moment in response to observation/perception
  • Also encodes input, intermediate results & output of inferential processes
27
Q

Explain the Emotion Derivation Model:

A
  • takes the appraisal variables (apprisal frame) and produces an emotional response
28
Q

What is so sepcial about teh emotion derivation model ?

A
  • it is baised based on mood

- So the emotion which will be produced is influenced by ur current mood

29
Q

Explain the behavioural consequences of the EMA model more in depth:

A
  • Behavioural consequences are based on emotions

- These emotion have to pass certain coping strategies in order to have as effect on the behaviour

30
Q

How do coping strategies manipulate emotions ?

A
  • It is kinda a contol signal/a gate for emotions

- They either enable or suppress cognitive processes -> behavioural consequence

31
Q

Name the 4 coping stratgies:

A
  • Attention-related coping
  • Belief-related coping
  • dsire related coping
  • intentional coping
32
Q

Explain the attention related coping strategy?

A
  • Emotion are contolled or affect behavioural consequence based on your attenton towrads a situaton situation
  • Seeking information vs supress information
33
Q

Explain the belief related coping strategy?

A
  • Emotion are contolled or affect behavioural consequence based on your belief on the situation
34
Q

Explain the desire related coping strategy?

A
  • Emotion are contolled or affect behavioural consequence based on your goal priorities which you can change
  • One goal might be to pass the exam = bad mood
  • Going to a party = good mood
35
Q

Explain the intenional related coping strategy?

A
  • Emotion are contolled or affect behavioural consequence based on your actions and attentions
  • if you do not feel good talk about it
36
Q

In which field was the EMA being testes ?

A
  • In virtual reality where they mimic virtual humans
  • since they solved understading between emotion and situation
  • linked intra perosnal (emotion coordinate indvidual brhaviour)with interpersonal emotion (emotion control social behaviour)
  • Created a true synergei between compuational and psychological approach
37
Q

Summarize how the EMA model in cooperation with the apprisal theory lead to behaviour ?

A
  1. Apprisal of a situation leads to emotion
  2. Those emotion lead to action if coping stratgeies are used
  3. coping influences also inferences which -> and those inference change the person enviroment relationship -> so the apprisal of the situation starts over again
38
Q

What is meant by cyberpsychology ?

A
  • is the study of impact of modern technology on human behavior (for better or worse)
39
Q

What is the main tool of cyberpsychology ?

A
  • VR glasses (3D)
40
Q

What are the benefits of cyberpsychology ?

A
  • It would make thearapie affordable for everyone (lower coast)
  • People might overcome the issues of stigma
  • It would make therapie more accessable
41
Q

Where is cyperpsychology exspcially helpful ?

A
  • treatment of anxiety and phobia

- Exposure therapy

42
Q

What is the defintion of emotion ?

A
  • reactions to particular situations
43
Q

What is the definition of a mood ?

A
  • emotionsal state which is more long-lasting and less directed toward particular situations

Man and Machine (12 decks)

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