Takeoffs & Landings Flashcards
What should you do to set up the flight director for departure?
Bug departure runway heading, bug initial altitude, press the FD button to activate the flight director, press HDG to enable heading mode, NAV mode if needed, press VS to enable PIT mode, press NOSE UP to command a 10˚ takeoff pitch.
What is the first step in the takeoff overview?
Taxi onto the center line.
What should you verify before takeoff?
Runway designation markings with heading indicator and compass.
What should you avoid when cleared for takeoff?
Unnecessary delay on runway.
What is the purpose of the pre-takeoff brief?
To consider actions for abnormal situations during takeoff.
What checklist should be completed before takeoff clearance?
Before Takeoff checklist.
What types of takeoff should be considered in the pre-takeoff brief?
Normal, short field, crosswind.
What is an abort point?
Identified based on calculated takeoff performance.
What procedures should be reviewed regarding noise abatement?
Noise abatement procedures.
What should be briefed and bugged before takeoff?
Initial heading and initial altitude.
Fill in the blank: To activate the flight director, press the _____ button.
FD
True or False: The initial altitude should be briefed and bugged before takeoff.
True
What mode should be enabled if flying a departure procedure?
NAV mode.
Fill in the blank: Press _____ to enable PIT (pitch) mode.
VS
What pitch command should be given for takeoff?
10˚ takeoff pitch.
What should be done in case of engine failure or abnormality before rotation?
Maintain directional control, Power levers IDLE, Brakes maximum effort
This ensures the aircraft remains controllable during the critical takeoff phase.
What actions should be taken if there is an engine failure or abnormality after rotation with gear down?
Land straight ahead, Power levers as required, Maintain directional control, Brake as required
This prioritizes safety by aiming for a controlled landing.
What indicates that a takeoff overrun is imminent?
L/R Engine Masters OFF, ELECT. MASTER OFF, Avoid obstacles
This step is crucial to prevent further complications during an emergency situation.
What steps should be taken if there is an engine failure after rotation, gear up, and the decision is made to continue?
Power levers FULL, Flaps UP, Gear UP
These actions help maintain aircraft performance and control.
What does ‘Identify - dead foot = dead engine’ mean in the context of engine failure?
It means to determine which engine has failed based on control input
This is a critical part of responding to engine failure.
What is the procedure to verify a dead engine?
Dead engine power lever idle, no performance change
This ensures the pilot confirms the engine failure before taking further action.
What should be done to feather a dead engine?
Dead engine master OFF
Feathering helps to minimize drag from the non-functioning engine.
What is the climb speed to maintain after an engine failure?
VYSE
VYSE is the best rate of climb speed for a multi-engine aircraft with one engine inoperative.
What should be declared in the event of an engine failure?
Declare an emergency
This alerts air traffic control and prepares for possible landing scenarios.
What are some scenarios that may lead to a rejected takeoff?
- Vehicles, aircraft, or animals unexpectedly enter the runway environment
- Red (warning) CAS messages on the PFD
- Airspeed indicator inoperative
- Engine power indications below 100%
- Rotation speed not achieved at abort landmark
- Loss of engine power, smoke or fire
- Airspeed indicator failure
- Any other abnormal conditions
Awareness of these scenarios helps pilots prepare for potential emergencies.
What actions should be taken when crossing the Hold Short Line?
Lights - Landing/Taxi lights ON, Camera - Transponder set to ALT, Action - Line up on center line, power levers to full, verify percentage power output
These steps ensure visibility and readiness for takeoff.
What should be verified before takeoff?
- Approach path and runway are clear
- Runway markings, heading, and compass
This verification is critical for safe takeoff procedures.
What is the first recommended takeoff callout?
Power 100%
This indicates that the engine power is at full throttle.
What does ‘Airspeed Alive’ signify during takeoff?
It indicates that the aircraft’s airspeed is increasing and the instruments are functioning properly.
What is the significance of ‘50 knots, cross check’ in the takeoff procedure?
It is a callout to confirm that the aircraft has reached 50 knots during the takeoff roll.
What does ‘Rotate’ indicate in the takeoff sequence?
It signals the pilot to pull back on the control yoke to lift the aircraft off the ground.
What does ‘Positive rate, Gear Up’ mean?
It confirms that the aircraft is climbing and the landing gear should be retracted.
What is required for a positive rate of climb?
Altitude tape and VSI both indicate a climb.
What is the recommended altitude to arrive at before entering the landing pattern?
Pattern altitude
Typically, this is around 1,000 feet AGL.
What is the entry angle for the landing pattern?
45˚ entry.
What checklist should be completed before landing while on the mid-field downwind?
Before Landing Checklist (Gear DOWN).
At what altitude should the final turn be made during landing?
500’ - 600’ AGL.
What speed should be used on approach?
Recommended approach speed + Gust factor, if any.
How is the gust factor calculated?
(Wind gust - steady wind speed) / 2.
What altitude should be verified for a stabilized approach?
500’ AGL.
What three conditions must be met for a stabilized approach?
- Gear down, three green
- Flaps configured for landing
- Aircraft positioned on extended runway centerline.
What must be verified regarding glide path during a stabilized approach?
On glide path (reference VASI or PAPI if available).
What is the acceptable range for approach airspeed?
+10/-5 KIAS (with gust factor applied).
What is a reason to abort a landing?
Approach not stabilized at 400 feet AGL.
What should prompt an aborted landing regarding runway conditions?
Aircraft, vehicles, people, animals, or debris on runway.
What condition regarding touchdown should lead to aborting a landing?
Touchdown unlikely to occur within the touchdown zone.
What weather conditions might exceed aircraft or pilot capabilities during landing?
Surface wind conditions.
What is the goal of a normal takeoff?
Accelerate to rotation speed, rotate smoothly, maintain coordinated flight, and establish positive rate of climb at manufacturer’s recommended speed
Private Pilot +10/-5 KIAS, Commercial Pilot ±5 KIAS
What is the first step in the normal takeoff procedure?
Complete Before Takeoff checklist
What should be done after completing the emergency briefing?
Clear area for traffic, taxi into position
What should be avoided on the runway during takeoff?
Unnecessary delay
What should be done to the flight controls if there are crosswind conditions?
Position flight controls for crosswind condition
What is the power setting for takeoff?
Power to 100%
What should be announced after setting the takeoff power?
Takeoff Power Set
What action should be taken after releasing the brakes during takeoff?
Be ready to reject takeoff for any reason
What should be verified and announced after the brakes are released?
Airspeed Alive
At what airspeed should the pilot announce ‘Rotate’?
75 KIAS (80 KIAS - DA42NG)
What is the recommended pitch up angle during takeoff?
10˚ - 12˚
What speed should be maintained during the climb?
VYSE
What should be verified and announced after establishing a positive rate of climb?
Positive rate
What action should be taken after verifying a positive rate of climb?
Tap brakes, ‘Gear Up’
What indicates a positive rate of climb?
Altitude tape and VSI both indicate a climb
At what power lever setting should the DA42NG be at a safe altitude?
Power levers 92%
What should be done to the fuel pumps at a safe altitude in the DA42NG?
Fuel pumps OFF
What is the power lever setting when climbing out of 1000’ AGL in the DA42NG?
Power levers 90%
What checklist should be followed after climbing out?
Climb Checklist
What is a key consideration when rejecting a takeoff?
Refer to ‘Rejecting a Takeoff’
What is the goal of a normal approach and landing?
Fly a stabilized approach and land at desired touchdown point
Touchdown specifications differ for private and commercial pilots.
What are the touchdown specifications for a private pilot?
-0 feet/+400’
What are the touchdown specifications for a commercial pilot?
-0 feet/+200 feet
What altitude should be reached 2 miles out on the 45˚ entry?
Pattern altitude
What checklist should be completed abeam touchdown?
Before-Landing checklist
What power setting is recommended during the approach?
35%
What flaps setting should be used during the approach?
APP
What airspeed should be trimmed for during the approach?
90 KIAS
What should be verified when turning base?
GUMPS
At what distance and altitude should the turn to final be made?
3/4 mile from threshold, at 500’ to 600’ AGL
What flaps setting is required on final approach?
LDG
What airspeed should be maintained on final approach?
VYSE
What adjustment may be needed for the DA42NG on long final?
Increase in engine power to 45% or more
What must be verified before landing?
Three GREEN & Stabilized
What should be pitched for during the approach?
Desired aiming point
What should be adjusted for maintaining airspeed?
Power
Where should the touchdown occur?
On center line, longitudinal axis aligned, no drift
When should configuration changes be made?
Until clear of runway and stopped
What should be done promptly after landing?
Taxi clear of the runway
What checklist should be completed after landing?
After Landing checklist
What is the procedure to abort a landing?
See Go-Around
What is the goal of a Short-Field Takeoff?
Normal rotation followed by a maximum performance climb to clear an obstacle at the end of the runway.
Establish positive rate of climb at manufacturer’s recommended speed - Private Pilot +10/-5 KIAS, Commercial Pilot ±5 KIAS.
What must be completed before takeoff?
Complete Before Takeoff Checklist
Complete Emergency Briefing
Flaps UP
This ensures all safety protocols are followed.
What is the significance of the DA42NG differences in a Short-Field Takeoff?
Flaps APP during takeoff and Flaps Up after takeoff.
These settings may affect performance and safety.
What should be done when taxiing into position for takeoff?
Clear area for traffic, then taxi into position.
Use all available runway (include displaced threshold if centerline markings are WHITE).
Ensures maximum safety and efficiency.
What is the procedure after verifying ‘Takeoff power set’?
Release brakes, be ready to abort for any reason.
This ensures readiness for immediate action if needed.
At what speed should ‘Rotate’ be announced?
75 KIAS.
This is the recommended speed for rotation during takeoff.
What should be done after achieving a positive rate of climb?
Verify and announce ‘Positive rate’, tap brakes, ‘Gear Up’.
A positive rate of climb is indicated when the altitude tape and VSI both show a climb.
What is the next step after clearing the obstacle during a Short-Field Takeoff?
Accelerate to VYSE.
VYSE is the best rate of climb speed in a single-engine configuration.
What is the goal of a Short-Field Approach & Landing?
Stabilized approach, touchdown with minimum floating, on a specified point.
Private pilot -0 feet/+400’, Commercial pilot -0 feet/+200 feet.
What is the recommended altitude to arrive at pattern altitude during a Short-Field Approach?
2 miles out on the 45˚ entry.
This helps in maintaining proper approach procedures.
What checklist should be completed at the abeam touchdown point?
Before Landing Checklist (Gear DOWN).
Ensures that landing gear is properly configured for landing.
What power setting is recommended during the approach?
Power 35%, Flaps APP, trim for 90 KIAS.
This configuration helps in maintaining control and speed.
When should Flaps LDG be set during a Short-Field Approach?
On final approach, at 500’ - 600’ AGL.
This ensures the aircraft is properly configured for landing.
What is the required action if Flaps LDG on long final requires increased engine power?
Increase power to 45% or more to maintain airspeed.
This adjustment is crucial for safe landing.
What should be verified during the final approach for a Short-Field Landing?
Verify ‘Three GREEN & Stabilized’.
‘Three GREEN’ indicates that the landing gear is down and locked.
What is the target for touchdown during a Short-Field Landing?
Touch down on or within 100’ beyond target.
This precision is critical for successful short-field landings.
What is the procedure after landing?
Taxi clear of the runway promptly and complete After Landing checklist.
This ensures safety and the proper completion of landing procedures.
What should be done to abort a landing?
Refer to Go-Around procedures.
Knowing how to abort a landing is essential for safety.
What is the goal of a Go-Around?
Abort a landing, establish a climb configuration, and climb to a safe altitude as soon as possible.
What does CRAM stand for in the Go-Around procedure?
CLEAN - CLIMB - COMMUNICATE.
What is the first step in the CRAM procedure?
Power levers full.
At what speed should you climb during a Go-Around?
At VY, +10 knots/-5 KIAS.
What flaps configuration should be used during a Go-Around?
Flaps APP (CLEAN).
How do you establish a positive rate of climb?
Altitude tape and VSI both indicate a climb.
What should be announced after establishing a positive rate of climb?
Positive rate, Gear Up.
What adjustment should be made if necessary to avoid traffic during a Go-Around?
Offset to the side of the runway.
What should be done at reaching pattern altitude during a Go-Around?
Power levers 45 - 50%.
What checklist should be completed after a Go-Around?
Before-Landing checklist.
Name one scenario that would require a Go-Around.
Vehicles, aircraft, or animals unexpectedly enter the runway environment.
What is a condition that indicates a Go-Around is necessary?
Stabilized approach not achieved by 400 feet AGL.
What surface condition may trigger a Go-Around?
Surface wind conditions exceed aircraft or pilot capabilities.
True or False: A single-engine go-around can be attempted below 800 feet AGL.
False.
What factors may affect the ability to safely perform a single-engine go-around?
Aircraft weight and density altitude.
Fill in the blank: A Go-Around is initiated when touchdown is unlikely to occur within the _______.
touchdown zone.
